| 释义 |
▪ I. bathe, v.|beɪð|
Forms: 1 baðian, beðian, 2–4 baðien, beþien, baþe(n, beðe(n, 4 bathie, -ey, 5–6 bath, 5– bathe.
[Common Teutonic: OE. baðian, also bęðian = ON. baða, OHG. badôn, bathôn, mod.G. baden, Du. baden:—OTeut. baþ-ôn, f. baþo-(m) bath n.1 The difference of vowel and consonant between bathe and bath (beɪð, bɑːθ, -æ-) has been developed since the OE. period, through the additional syllable and open vowel of ba-ðian; cf. grass, graze, staff, stave.]
I. trans. (Now mostly reflexive or passive.)
1. To immerse, as in a bath:
a. lit. To immerse (the body, or any part of it) in water or other liquid, for the sake of some effect (e.g. health, warmth, cleansing) promoted by the action of the liquid.
a1200Moral Ode 245 Þer is bernunde pich hore saule to baþien inne. 1398Trevisa Barth. de P.R. vi. ix. (1495) 195 The moder batheth the chylde. c1400Mandeville x. 112 Gabrielles welle, where our Lord was wont to bathe him. 1611Bible Lev. xv. 5 [He] shall wash his clothes, and bathe himselfe in water. 1667Milton P.L. vii. 437 Others on Silver Lakes and Rivers, Bath'd Thir downie Brest. 1796Morse Amer. Geog. I. 205 He has the convenience of sometimes bathing himself.
b. To immerse in other elements or substances, e.g. sand, fire.
c1386Chaucer Nun's Pr. T. 447 Faire in the sond, to bathe hir merily, Lith Pertelot..Agayn the sonne. 1612Drayton Poly-olb. Frontisp., The Norman Leopards bath'd in Gules. 1849Robertson Serm. Ser. i. i. (1866) 16 The later martyr bathes his fingers in the flames.
c. To plunge, or dip, without reference to the action of the liquid.
a1325E.E. Allit. P. C. 211 [Jonah says] Berez me to þe borde, & baþeþes me þer-oute. 1583Stanyhurst æneis iii. (Arb.) 82 In flud Trinacrian thy great oars must deeplye be bathed.
2. To apply water or other liquid to anything so as to wet it all over, or moisten it copiously; to lave, perfuse, suffuse, wet, moisten:
a. literally.
c1000Sax. Leechd. II. 206 Ðonne is sio beðianne mid hatan wætre. c1250Gen. & Ex. 2447 First .ix. niȝt ðe liches beðen, And smeren. 1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 140 We come to the gates..all bathed in rayne and frosen with yce. 1593Shakes. 3 Hen. VI, ii. ii. 169 Till we haue..bath'd thy growing, with our heated bloods. 1652Culpepper Eng. Physic. 6 To bath the place grieved..for the Inflammation. 1877Chavasse Adv. to Mother §290 Well bathe the eye with vinegar and water.
b. said of the action of a river or the sea upon the adjacent banks or land.
1591Spenser Bellay's Vis. ix, A water, whose out gushing flood Ran bathing all the creakie shore aflot. 1697C'tess D'Aunoy's Trav. (1706) 52 The River which passes under it bathes a meadow. 1776Gibbon Decl. & F. I. xix. 537 The river bathed the foot of the walls. 1872Bagehot Physics & Pol. 85 Groups of islands..bathed by the same oceans.
c. said of the action of tears, perspiration, or any secretion, in flowing over and wetting the body or its parts.
1578T. N. tr. Conq. W. India 32 His eyes toward heaven, and his face bathed with teares. 1718Pope Iliad xxiii. 18 Tears bathe their arms, and tears the sands bedew. 1746Hervey Medit. (1818) 166 The laborer, bathed in sweat, drops the scythe. 1790Burke Fr. Rev. Wks. V. 89 Bathing in tears..thousands of worthy men and worthy families. 1875Darwin Insectiv. Pl. vi. 87 When bathed in the secretion.
d. (Inverted construction.)
1611Shakes. Cymb. i. vi. 100 Had I this cheeke To bathe my lips vpon.
3. The phrase ‘to bathe in blood’ includes and often blends 1 and 2, and is generally used fig. to express the great quantity of blood shed.
c1300K. Alis. 2708 Mony pencel god, Quyk, y-bathed in heorte blod. c1325E.E. Allit. P. B. 1248 Þay..Baþed barnes in blod & her brayn spylled. c1380Sir Ferumb. 3100 Ro[land] ..baþede is swerd in hure blod. c1590Greene Fr. Bacon viii. 79, I will bathe my poniard in the bosom of an Earl. 1601Shakes. Jul. C. iii. i. 106 Let vs bathe our hands in Cæsars blood Vp to the Elbowes. 1647W. Browne Polex. ii. 306 A tyrant which took pleasure in bathing himselfe in humane blood. 1836Thirlwall Greece II. xvi. 377 His plan..would have bathed Sparta in blood.
4. a. To suffuse, envelope, or encompass, like the air or the sunshine.
1816J. Wilson City of Plague ii. ii. 136 A stream of sunshine bathing The bright moss-roses. 1853Kingsley Hypatia xiii. 164 Heavenly glory seemed to bathe her from head to foot. 1853Kane Grinnell Exp. xxxi. (1856) 272 The Bay of Baffin, bathed in foggy darkness. 1878Huxley Physiogr. 88 An ocean of air bathing the entire earth.
b. said of mental influences.
1526Skelton Magnyf. 1490 Bathyd with blysse, embraced with comfort. 1535Coverdale Isa. lxiii. 6 And thus haue I troden downe the people in my wrath, and bathed them in my displeasure. 1857Emerson Poems 8 The babe..Lies bathed in joy.
II. intr. (from refl. use of 1.)
5. a. lit. To take a bath, to plunge or immerse oneself in water or other liquid, so as to enjoy its influence; in earlier usage also, to lie or remain so immersed, to bask.
c1200Moral Ode (245) in E.E.P. (1862) 29 Pich þat eure wealð · þat sculle baþien inne þo þe ladde vuel lif. c1275Death in O.E. Misc. 180 In ful a bitter bað bathien ich schal naked. 1398Trevisa Barth. De P. R. iii. xxiv. (1495) 73 They that bathen temperatly in hote water. 1667Milton P.L. ii. 660 Vex'd Scylla, bathing in the Sea. 1765Cowper Lett. 24 June, It is a noble stream to bathe in. 1862Stanley Jew. Ch. v. (1875) 89 The princess came down..to bathe in the sacred river.
b. in various transferred and figurative senses: see the transitive uses above, 3-4.
1576Ld. Vaux in Parad. Dainty Dev., He most of all doth bathe in bliss. 1590Marlowe 2nd Pt. Tamburl. ii. iii, Now lie the Christians bathing in their bloods. 1656Trapp Comm. Mark i. 35 Shall Christians be bathing in their beds on their Lord's day? c1720S. Wesley Eupolis 40 The feathered souls, that swim the air, And bathe in liquid ether there. 1855F. W. Faber Growth in Holiness xi. 169 Youth..bathing in devotional sweetness.
▪ II. bathe, n.|beɪð|
[f. prec. vb.]
An act of bathing (in the intr. sense of bathe).
Of modern origin, and used instead of bath n.1, sense 1, to exclude the suggestion of other senses.
1831Southey Lett. (1856) IV. 230 A two hours' walk, and a bathe in the Greta. 1861Sat. Rev. 30 Nov. 565 A mountain stream in which the happy party took every day their morning bathe. |