| 释义 |
▪ I. batter, v.1|ˈbætə(r)|
Also 4–6 bater(e.
[f. the stem bat- ‘beat,’ as in OF. bat-re, Eng. bat v., bat n.2, with freq. suffix -er; cf. stutter, patter.]
I. Main senses.
1. trans. (and absol.) To strike with repeated blows of an instrument or weapon, or with frequent missiles; to beat continuously and violently so as to bruise or shatter. (Also with complemental about, down, in.)
c1325E.E. Allit. P. B. 1416 Symbales & sonetez sware the noyse & bougounz busch batered so þikke. 1377Langl. P. Pl. B. iii. 198, I batered hem on þe bakke. 1591Garrard Art Warre 204 The drums ought to be ready to batter their caisses. 1610Shakes. Temp. iii. ii. 98 Or with a logge Batter his skull. 1641Wilkins Math. Mag. i. xvii. (1648) 122 These would he presently batter in pieces with great stones. 1727Swift Gulliver iv. xii. 341 Battering the warriors' faces into mummy. 1801Huntington Bank of Faith 136 They had so battered me about. 1873Burton Hist. Scot. V. lix. 325 Carrying in a wooden beam, as if to batter in a door.
†b. To beat out (metal); ? to inlay. Obs. rare.
c1380Sir Ferumb. 896 Ys scheld þat was wyþ golde y-batrid? & eke wyþ ire y-bounde.
2. Mil. To operate against (walls, fortifications, etc.) with artillery, or in ancient times with the battering ram, with the purpose (and result) of breaking down or demolishing them; to bombard. Often with down.
1570Levins Manip. /77 To batter walles, demoliri muros. 1583Stanyhurst æneis i. (Arb.) 18 Which would thee Tyrian turrets quite batter a sunder. 1606Shakes. Tr. & Cr. i. iii. 206 The Ramme that batters downe the wall. 1762Hume Hist. Eng. (1806) IV. lx. 498 Having led the army without delay to Wexford, he began to batter the town. 1803Wellington in Gurwood Disp. II. 289, I shall be able to begin to batter to-morrow morning. 1876Green Short Hist. vii. §8 (1882) 436 The castles which had hitherto sheltered rebellion were battered into ruins.
3. transf. and fig. To subject (persons, opinions, etc.) to heavy, crushing, or persistent attack.
1578Fenton Guicciard. (1618) 30 So that the Florentines by this meanes should remaine battered. 1605Shakes. Macb. iv. iii. 178 The Tyrant ha's not batter'd at their peace? 1670G. H. Hist. Cardinals ii. i. 107 Every Fryer..battering the ears of their Protectors with informations of their Rogueries. a1733North Exam. i. ii. ⁋174 But none batter'd it more than the Earl of Shaftsbury, who said it was absolutely impossible to be true. 1873Browning Red Cotton Night-Cap Country 1177 What foe would dare approach? Historic Doubt? Ay, were there some half-knowledge to attack! Batter doubt's best, sheer ignorance will beat.
4. To bruise, beat out of shape, or indent by blows or rough usage; in Printing, to deface the surface of type.
1697Evelyn Numism. i. 8 Type and Form of one single Stamp..being greatly batter'd and impaired. 1840Hood Up Rhine 44 The beautiful brass pail..look how it's all bruised and battered! 1856Kane Arct. Exp. II. xvi. 169 Boats..well battered by exposure to ice and storm.
†5. intr.
a. To become crushed, dinted, or defaced with blows.
b. To yield to beating, to be malleable. Obs.
1589Bp. Andrewes Serm. II. 10 All our cups would batter with the fall. 1677Moxon Mech. Exerc. (1703) 8 Iron..if it be too cold..will not batter under the Hammer.
6. Comb., with attrib. sense, as batter-head, the part of the drum beaten.
1704Athen. Orac. III. 423 in Southey Comm.-Pl. Bk. Ser. ii. (1849) 657 They [the drums] received several small shot in the batter heads.
II. (From batter n.1)
†7. trans. To beat into a paste or batter, to mix by beating. Obs.
1585Lloyd Treas. Health I vj, Masticke baterid with whyte of an egge and vineger. 1622Mabbe Aleman's Guzman d' Alf. ii. 334 With a fewe egges battered together, and seasoned with a little pepper.
†8. Sc. To paste, to fix (as with paste); to cover with things stuck on. Obs.
1624A. H. Paper-Persec. in J. Davies Papers Compl. Wks. 1876–8 II. 81 To behold the wals Batter'd with weekely Newes. 1650Row Hist. Kirk (1842) 72 Who mutilated and did ryue out many leaues of the Register, and did batter others together. 1756M. Calderwood Jrnl. (1884) 86 This church is battered as full of escutchions as the wall can hold. Ibid. 105 A certain sort of mutch they wear..close battered to their faces.
▪ II. batter, v.2 Arch.|ˈbætə(r)|
[Of doubtful origin: hardly connected with preceding; can it be related to F. abattre to beat down, throw down?]
1. intr. Of walls, etc.: To incline from the perpendicular, so as to have a receding slope.
1546Langley Pol. Verg. De Invent. iii. x. 77 a, Dædalus..first inuented the plomline, whereby the Euenes of the Squares bee tried whether they batter or hang ouer. 1677Moxon Mech. Exerc. (1703) 157 The side..of a Wall..that bulges from its bottom or Foundation, is said to Batter, or hang over the Foundation. 1793Rennie in Smiles Engineers II. 208 Made five feet thick at the base next to the bridge, and four feet thick at the top, battering one-fifth of their height in a curvilinear form. 1845Gloss. Gothic Archit. I. 48 Wharf walls, and walls built to support embankments and fortifications, generally batter.
2. trans. ‘To give (a wall) in building it, an inclination inwards.’ Jamieson.
1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xv. xxii. (1495) 497 A toure in Babilon..whyche conteynyth at heyghte two lewges batryd in brede. [The sense is here doubtful].
▪ III. batter, n.1|ˈbætə(r)|
Forms: 5 bater(e, -our, -owre, -ure, 6 battre, 7– batter.
[prob. f. batter v.1; cf. however OF. bature, -eure action of beating, also metal beaten into thin leaf.]
I. Materials beaten or battered.
1. a. A mixture of two or more ingredients beaten up with a liquid for culinary purposes.
c1420Liber Cocorum (1862) 26 Of almond mylke and amydone, Make bater. a1500Recipes in Babees Bk. (1868) 53 Make bature of floure, ale, peper & saferon, with oþer spices. 1615Markham Eng. Housew. (1660) 56 Taking the Apples and Batter out together with a spoon. 1796H. Glasse Cookery viii. 140 Dip the oysters in a batter. 1879Beerbohm Patagonia xi. 171 The batter must be stirred well, or else it will stick to the sides.
b. Sc. Flour and water made into ‘paste’; transf. that which is pasted upon walls, etc. (obs.)
[c1440Promp. Parv. 27 Batowre of flowre and mele wyth water (v.r. batour), mola. 1530Palsgr. 197/1 Batter of floure, paste.] 1624A. H. Paper-Persec. in J. Davies Papers Compl. Wks. 1878 II 81 To see such Batter euerie weeke besmeare Each publike post, and Church dore. 1831Carlyle Sart. Res. i. vii, Multiple ruffs of cloth, pasted together with batter.
c. attrib., as in batter-cake, batter pan, batter pudding.
1769Mrs. Raffald Eng. Housekpr. (1778) 167 Batter and rice puddings [require] a quick oven. 1830F. Trollope in Dom. Manners Amer. (1960) 427 Waffles. Batter cakes. 1833in Maryland Hist. Mag. (1918) XIII. 319 Hot muffins and corn batter cakes. 1853Kane Grinnell Exp. xxxiv. (1856) 306 Flattened it out like a batter-cake.
2. transf. A thick paste of any kind, of the consistency of cook's batter; liquid mud.
1601Holland Pliny II. 555 The batter or lome that goeth to the making of [bricks]. 1884Ld. Coleridge in Law Times Rep. 19 July 635/1 They had swept mud in a state of batter to the side of a road by means of ‘squeegees.’
†3. = battery 14. Obs.
1567Wills & Inv. N.C. (1835) 278 One batter kettill, and a brasse chaffer.
II. The action or result of battering.
4. A heavy bruising blow. rare.
1823Galt Entail I. xxviii. 245 Such a thundering batter on the ribs, that he fell reeling from the shock.
5. A cannonade of heavy ordnance against a fortress.
1859in Worcester.
6. Printing. A bruise on the face of printing type or stereotype plate. (Cf. batter v.1 4.)
1824J. Johnson Typogr. II. xxii. 659 The pressmen never observe a batter (unless it be very glaring), because they would be stopped in their progress. 1880Printing Times 15 May 102/2 Defective letters or batters may thus be easily detected.
▪ IV. ˈbatter, n.2
[f. batter v.2]
The slope of a wall, terrace, or bank, from the perpendicular; a receding slope, etc.
1743Bp. Maxwell Sel. Trans. 193 (Jam.) When the kill is formed to four and a half feet high..the second batter begins. 1823P. Nicholson Pract. Build. 329 Batter, the leaning part of the upper part of the face of a wall which so inclines as to make the plumb-line fall within the base. 1884Scotsman 10 Apr. 6/2 These brick piers are all erected with a ‘batter’ of 1 in 36—which means that they are to that extent broader at the base than at the top.
b. batter-rule, an instrument consisting of a plumb-line and a triangular frame, one side of which makes a given angle with the line, used for setting a wall, etc. at the proper slope or batter.
1847in Craig.
▪ V. batter, n.3|ˈbætə(r)|
[f. bat v.1 + -er1.]
One who bats; esp. the player who uses the bat in the game of cricket.
1773J. Duncombe Surry Triumphant st. xxxiii, in R. Freeman Kentish Poets (1821) II. 368 At last, Sir Horace took the field, A batter of great might. 1824Miss Mitford Village Ser. i. (1863) 174 Such mutual compliments from man to man—bowler to batter, batter to bowler. 1854J. W. Warter Old Squires v. 48 The old Squire..had been a good batter in his day.
▪ VI. ˈbatter, n.4 slang.
[Of obscure origin: cf. bat n.4]
A spree, debauch, esp. in phr. on the batter. (See also quot. 1890.)
1839A. Rodger in Whistle-Binkie Ser. ii. 17 My hat was smash'd..Ae night when on the batter. 1856Knickerbocker XLVIII. 502 Ellis had..just returned from a prolonged batter in Paris. 1865N. & Q. Ser. iii. VIII. 369/2 It was among working-men that I first heard ‘on the batter’ employed as an equivalent for going ‘on the spree’. 1890Farmer Slang I. 143/2 To go on the batter, i.e., to walk the streets for purposes of prostitution. 1899R. Whiteing No. 5 John St. xxi. 214 D'ye call that goin' on the batter?.. I call it goin' out with the governiss. 1957J. Osborne Entertainer v. 35 Have you been on the batter, you old gubbins! 1966A. Prior Operators iii. 25 The mothers and sisters on the batter—any man on the streets.
▪ VII. batter
see battard. |