| 释义 |
psychologism|-ˈɒlədʒɪz(ə)m|
[f. psychology + -ism.]
a. Philos. Idealism as opposed to sensationalism: see idealism 1.
1858O. A. Brownson Wks. V. 230 The philosophy of old school Presbyterianism in so far as it recognizes the activity of the subject at all..is mere psychologism. 1874Morris tr. Ueberweg's Hist. Philos. II. App. ii. 479 The philosophic revolution which began with Descartes..manifested itself in the two forms of Psychologism (or Idealism), and Sensualism,—represented by Descartes and Malebranche on the one side, and by Locke and Condillac on the other. 1907in Expositor July 27 The transcendental logical tendency which, excluding all empiricism and psychologism, aims to deduce the fundamental characteristics and categories of knowing from pure concepts.
b. The tendency to explain in psychological terms matters which are considered to be more properly explained in other ways.
1905Mind XIV. 530 Psychologism..has been universal in English philosophy from the beginning. 1937D. Katz in R. B. Cattell et al. Human Affairs iii. 36 According to this tendency logic is nothing but the psychology of thinking, mathematics nothing but the psychology of mathematical thinking... This tendency is usually called psychologism. 1945K. R. Popper Open Society II. xiv. 87 The structure..of the social environment, as opposed to the natural environment, is man-made; and therefore it must be explicable in terms of human nature, in accordance with the doctrine of psychologism. 1950R. Carnap Logical Found. Probability ii. 40 One of the important achievements in the development of modern logic has been the gradual elimination of psychologism. 1975Times Lit. Suppl. 9 May 502/2 From Descartes onwards, with some notable exceptions, philosophical semantics was crippled by psychologism. |