| 释义 |
▪ I. ruddy, a. (n.) and adv.|ˈrʌdɪ|
Forms: α. 1, 3 rudi, 3 rudie, 5 rudy; 4–5 rodi, rody, 5 rodye, roddy, roody, 6 roudy, β. 6 ruddye, 6–7 ruddie, 5– ruddy.
[OE. rudiᵹ, f. the same stem as rud n.1 and v.1]
A. adj.
1. a. Of the face, complexion, etc.: Naturally suffused with a fresh or healthy redness.
a1100in Napier O.E. Glosses i. 2932 Uultus purpureus, i. rubicundus, nebb rudi. a1225Juliana 20 As he biheold..hire leofliche leor lilies iliche & rudi as þe rose. c1230Hali Meid. 35 Þi rudie neb schal leanen, & as gres grenen. 13..K. Alis. 7821 (Laud MS.), Þe leuedyes shene als þe glas And þise maidens wiþ rody faas. 1390Gower Conf. III. 339 The descoloured pale hewe Is now become a rody cheke. c1425Lydg. Assembly of Gods 806 Roody as a roose ay he kept hys chere. 1490Caxton Eneydos xxix. 112 [Dido had] a lytell mouthe with roddy lyppes. 1535Coverdale Gen. xlix. 12 His eyes are roudier then wyne, and his teth whyter then mylck. 1594T. B. La Primaud. Fr. Acad. ii. 251 The cheekes become ruddy, and the lippes gather in themselues. 1700Dryden Pal. & Arc. iii. 75 Ruddy his lips, and fresh and fair his hue. 1712Budgell Spect. No. 425 ⁋3 His Complexion was sanguine and ruddy. 1774Goldsm. Nat. Hist. (1776) II. 241, I found..the visage white and ruddy and the lips of a proper redness. 1848Lytton Harold i. i, His complexion was extremely fair and his cheeks ruddy. 1876Besant & Rice Gold. Butterfly Prol. i, He was a youth of a ruddy and a cheerful countenance.
b. Of persons: Having a fresh red complexion.
c1250Hymn in Trin. Coll. Hom. 255 Nis non maide of þine heowe, swo fair, so sschene, so rudi, swo bricht. c1369Chaucer Dethe Blaunche 905 Thus moche I dare sayn, that she Was..rody, fresshe, and lyefely hewed. 1390Gower Conf. II. 14 Sche was rody on the cheke And red on bothe hire lippes eke. c1450St. Cuthbert (Surtees) 7360 Þe tothir stode on his ryght syde, Rudy bathe of hewe and hyde. 1483Caxton G. de la Tour C ij b, I was wonte to be whyte, Rody, fatte, and the world preysed my beaute. 1577–87Holinshed Chron. I. 195/2 He was of person comelie,..of face ruddie. 1613Purchas Pilgrimage v. xvii. (1614) 539 The Inhabitants comely and tall, rather ruddie then blacke. 1711Addison Spect. No. 123 ⁋1 We were met by a fresh-coloured ruddy young Man. 1764Goldsm. Trav. 18 Where all the ruddy family around Laugh at the jests. 1859Geo. Eliot A. Bede xxxvi, The driver..now came forward—a large ruddy man, with a sack over his shoulders.
c. Red with blushing. rare—1.
a1225Ancr. R. 330 Þet we moten þuruh rudi scheome passen to þe heouene.
d. Characterized by, or associated with, healthy redness of feature.
1820Keats Lamia i. 40 Love, and pleasure, and the ruddy strife Of hearts and lips! 1833H. Martineau Briery Creek v. 98 The ruddy health attendant on a country life. 1860Motley Netherl. ii. I. 45 A figure..instinct with ruddy vigorous life.
2. a. In general use: Red or reddish.
c1386Chaucer Doctor's T. 33 Right as sche can peynte a lili white And rody a rose. c1400Rom. Rose 3629, I saw the rose,..Fresh, rody, and fair of hewe. c1440Pallad. on Husb. vii. 25 Yf hit be ripe, is forto se If al the lond attonys rody grete, Enclyne, and thonke. 1477Norton Ord. Alch. iii. in Ashm. (1652) 41 A subtill Earth, browne, roddy, and not bright. a1529Skelton Knoledge, Aquayntance, etc. 16 Your ruddys wyth ruddy rubys may compare. 1577B. Googe Heresbach's Husb. i. (1586) 32 b, The leaues thereof ruddy, the seede white. 1601Shakes. Jul. C. ii. i. 289 You are..As deere to me, as are the ruddy droppes That visit my sad heart. 1697Dryden Virg. Past. iii. 107 Ten ruddy Wildings in the Wood I found. 1725Pope Odyss. ii. 382 Here ruddy brass and gold refulgent blaz'd. 1784Cowper Task iii. 573 The ruddier orange, and the paler lime. 1841Penny Cycl. XXI. 85/2 All the feathers surrounded by a ruddy border. 1873Black Pr. Thule 37 The snow peaks that rose above certain ruddy châlets. 1889Buchanan Heir of Linne xii, Large earrings of ruddy gold hung in his ears.
transf.1871Palgrave Lyr. Poems 75 Now in the ruddy autumn Together already we stand.
b. As an epithet of light or fire, of the heavenly bodies, the sky or clouds, etc.
c1386Chaucer Sqr.'s T. 394 The vapour..Maketh the sonne seme rody and brood. 1388Wyclif Matt. xvi. 2 Ȝe seien, It schal be clere, for heuene is rodi. 1412–20Lydg. Chron. Troy i. 3081 Atwen þe tweyliȝt and þe rody morwe Þei toke her leue. 1423Jas. I. Kingis Q. 1 The rody sterres twynklyng as the fyre. c1449Pecock Repr. i. v. 24 Whanne heuen is rody in the euentid, a cleer dai schal be the morewe. 1554F. van Brunswike tr. Montulmo's Facies Cæli B j, Faire and whitish ruddie cloudes sparkeling aboute the skie. 1589Greene Menaphon (Arb.) 51 As bright as siluer Phœbe mounted on the high top of the ruddie element. 1613Chapman Maske Inns Court, Ouer this..the ruddy Sunne was seen ready to be set. 1667Milton P.L. ii. 889 So wide they stood, and like a Furnace mouth Cast forth redounding smoak and ruddy flame. 1761Gray Fatal Sisters 21 Ere the ruddy sun be set. 1791Mrs. Radcliffe Rom. Forest ii, Till a ruddy glow, which fired all that part of the heavens, announced the rising sun. 1840Dickens Barn. Rudge i, Shading his eyes that his sight might not be affected by the ruddy glow of the fire. 1858G. Macdonald Phantastes vi. (1878) 88 The rays of the setting sun overflowed with a ruddy splendour the open place.
transf.1646Buck Rich. III, i. 11 By this provident truce, that ruddy storme..was diverted.
c. Qualifying other names of colours.
1565Cooper Thesaurus s.v. Candico, Beyng a ruddy white. 1611Cotgr., Roux,..a ruddie or sad yellow.
†d. Causing redness in vegetation. Obs.
1693Evelyn De La Quint. Compl. Gard. II. 157 If the Ruddy or Dry Winds Reign, as they generally do this Month, we must..water every thing in our Kitchen-Garden. 1719London & Wise Compl. Gard. 270 'Tis the Moon of this Month that is vulgarly call'd, the Ruddy-Moon, it being very subject to be windy, cold and dry.
3. spec. In names of birds and animals, as ruddy bunting, ruddy duck, ruddy goose, ruddy plover, ruddy sheldrake, ruddy shelduck, ruddy shoveler, ruddy squirrel, ruddy turnstone (see quots. and the ns.).
1816Stephens in Shaw's Gen. Zool. IX. ii. 381 The *Ruddy Bunting is found among willows on the borders of the Onon in Siberia.
1814A. Wilson Amer. Ornith. VIII. 128 The *Ruddy Duck is fifteen inches and a half in length, and twenty two inches in extent. 1872Coues N. Amer. Birds 295 Ruddy Duck..with the neck all round and the upper parts brownish-red.
1785Latham Gen. Synop. Birds III. ii. 456 *Ruddy Goose... This is larger than a Mallard. 1843Yarrell Brit. Birds III. 140 It [ruddy sheldrake] has also been called the Ruddy Goose.
1785Pennant Arct. Zool. II. 486 *Ruddy Plover. 1813A. Wilson Amer. Ornith. VII. 129 The Ruddy Plover is eight inches long, and fifteen in extent. 1872Coues N. Amer. Birds 257 Ruddy Plover..; head, neck and upper parts varied with black, ashy and bright reddish.
1824Stephens in Shaw's Gen. Zool. XII. ii. 71 *Ruddy shieldrake (Tadorna rutila). 1862C. A. Johns Brit. Birds 490 The Ruddy Sheldrake... Only a few specimens of this bird have been obtained in Great Britain.
1852*Ruddy shelduck [see shelduck]. 1954J. Delacour Waterfowl of World I. 250 The Ruddy Shelduck is a strong and successful species which..occupies a very large range.
1824Stephens in Shaw's Gen. Zool. XII. ii. 120 *Ruddy Shoveler (Rhynchaspis rubida).
1781Pennant Hist. Quadrup. II. 409 *Ruddy Squirrel. 1801Shaw Gen. Zool. II. i. 132 Ruddy squirrel, Sciurus Erythræus... It is said to be a native of India.
1909J. & M. Macoun Catal. Canad. Birds (ed. 2) 212 *Ruddy Turnstone... This species is a common migrant in Newfoundland. 1938P. A. Taverner Birds of Canada 185 The turnstone is represented in America by the Ruddy Turnstone.., rather smaller than the European form. 1972S. Burnford One Woman's Arctic iv. 92 Only about fifty yards away, were the..nests of two pairs of ruddy turnstones.
4. Orig. a euphemistic substitution for bloody a. 10; now freq. used as an intensive in its own right: damnable, blasted, confounded. colloq.
1916‘Taffrail’ Pincher Martin ii. 28 Go on, Ginger!..Slosh 'im one on the ruddy boko! 1924Galsworthy White Monkey ii. i. 121 Only why didn't Mr. Elderson say: ‘You ruddy liar!’? 1945[see Euston Road]. 1968[see give v. 16 c]. 1969I. Kemp Brit. G.I. in Vietnam ii. 31 ‘Oh no!’ I thought. ‘The ruddy thing won't have time to open before I hit.’ 1977Radio Times 12–18 Nov. 69/4, I carted my ruddy topee all over India and finally abandoned it under a bed in Fort William in Calcutta.
5. absol. or as n. Ruddy colour.
1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) II. 15 Margery perles of alle manere colour and hewe, of rody and rede, of purpur and of blew. 1633G. Herbert Temple, Church-rents & Schismes i, Calamities Turned your ruddie into pale and bleak. 1758Borlase Nat. Hist. Cornw. 67 Steatites..veined with green, ruddy, and purple. 1823Galt R. Gilhaize xii, The ruddy of youth had fled his cheek.
6. Comb.
a. Parasynthetic, as ruddy-bodied, ruddy-cheeked, ruddy-clustered, ruddy-coloured, ruddy-complexioned, ruddy-faced, ruddy-finned, ruddy-haired, ruddy-muzzled, etc.
1542Udall Erasm. Apoph. 270, I feare not these ruddie coloured & fatte bealyed feloes. 1576Fleming Panopl. Epist. 376 He was ruddie coloured, much like the damaske rose. 1622Mabbe tr. Aleman's Guzman d'Alf. i. 31, I was a yong Lad, ruddy-cheek't, full-fac't, and plumpe withall. 1758Borlase Nat. Hist. Cornw. 276 The white ruddy-spotted snail with a circular mouth. 1816in Cent. Mag. (1900) LIX. 629/1, I said she looked like a German, being fair and ruddy complexioned. 1848Thackeray Van. Fair liii, The ruddy headed youth brought him..a fine silver dressing-case. 1888H. Morten Sk. Hospital Life 17 An elderly woman, grey-haired, stout, and ruddy-cheeked. 1916D. H. Lawrence Twilight in Italy 89 The many ruddy-clustered oranges beside the path remind me of the lights of a village. 1916Blunden Harbingers 34 Ruddy-finned roach and bronze carp swam. 1922Joyce Ulysses 291 The figure seated on a large boulder at the foot of a round tower was that of a broadshouldered..ruddyfaced sinewyarmed hero. 1923D. H. Lawrence Birds, Beasts & Flowers 62 Cyclamens, ruddy-muzzled cyclamens. 1960S. Plath Colossus 79 Bronze dead dominate the floor, Resistive, ruddy-bodied.
b. With adjs., as ruddy-bright, ruddy-brown, ruddy-dark, ruddy-golden, ruddy-orange, etc.
1746Francis tr. Horace, Sat. ii. viii. 39 Apples are more ruddy bright If gather'd by fair Luna's waning light. 1758Borlase Nat. Hist. Cornw. 109 A stone..of a ruddy-purple ground. 1841Penny Cycl. XX. 191/2 Wings ruddy-brown; bill lead-colour. 1897Sarah Grand Beth Bk. xxi, The wonderful ruddy-gold tones that shone on its trunk as the day declined. 1927D. H. Lawrence Mornings in Mexico 35 Calico pantaloons round his ruddy-dark waist. Ibid. 126 The men are naked to the waist, and ruddy-golden. a1930― Last Poems (1932) 266 Green moonlight And ruddy-orange limbs stirring the limbo Of the unknown air.
B. adv. Used, usu. preceding an adj., as an intensifier (orig. a euphemistic substitute for bloody adv. 2: cf. sense A. 4 above): confoundedly, damnably, damned.
1914C. Beresford Mem. I. xiii. 119 All I've got to say, is to say you've got a ruddy good billet. 1922Joyce Ulysses 420 Lay you two to one Jenatzy licks him ruddy well hollow. 1933M. Lincoln Oh! Definitely iii. 23 I'd have ruddy well..locked the door. 1959M. Gilbert Blood & Judgement xiii. 139 Culver Street's been pulled down and a ruddy great block of flats put up. 1979Oxford Times 28 Dec. 9/2 Most of the groups I heard there and elsewhere played too ruddy loud.
▪ II. ruddy, v.|ˈrʌdɪ|
[f. ruddy a.]
1. trans. To render ruddy in hue; to redden.
1689Hickeringill Ceremony-Monger Wks. 1716 II. 468 Others..whose Vertues and true Learning, must necessarily (if set near him) ruddy his Cheeks, and make him blush for shame. 1805Scott Last Minstr. vi. xxiii, A wondrous blaze was seen to gleam;..It ruddied all the copse-wood glen. 1837Carlyle Fr. Rev. iii. iv. iv, As the coming Sun ruddies the East. 1889Universal Rev. Nov. 432 A breath Of sundown ruddying the maple seeds.
2. intr. To turn red; to blush. rare.
1845Jane Robinson Whitehall xix, Mrs. Chaloner, smiling and ruddying all over. 1938W. de la Mare Memory 49 See, how the sun Ruddies through his filmy grey, Turns to light the dreaming one. |