| 释义 |
rufous, a.|ˈruːfəs|
[f. L. rūfus: see -ous.]
1. a. Of a brownish-red colour; reddish; ferruginous.
1782Latham Gen. Synop. Birds I. ii. 594 The whole bird is of a rufous colour on the upper parts. 1800Gentl. Mag. I. 151 Colours are expressed in the French term, as gridelin and rufous, p. 200, when it would seem greyish and reddish were English words competent to convey the same idea. 1847Proc. Berw. Nat. Club II. 236 Elytra and legs rufous. 1872R. F. Burton Zanzibar II. 69 Beyond it are detached hills of gneiss and grey and rufous granite. 1897Mrs. Rayner Type-Writer Girl vi, He had rufous hair, a nose without a bridge. 1922Joyce Ulysses 182 Glittereyed, his rufous skull close to his greencapped desk-lamp sought the face. 1977Time 3 Jan. 21/1 The flat kindly face of Mr. Earl's photographs has made no print on any of them except the rufous Billy, a wily jester.
b. In names of birds, as rufous fly-catcher, rufous goatsucker, rufous heron, rufous swallow, etc.
1782Latham Gen. Synop. Birds I. ii. 594 Rufous Wood⁓pecker. 1783Ibid. II. i. 362 Rufous Fly Catcher. 1784Ibid. II. ii. 597 Rufous Goatsucker. 1785Ibid. III. i. 99 Rufous Heron. 1815Stephens in Shaw's Gen. Zool. IX. i. 44 Rufous Coucal. (Polophilus rufus.) This very rare species of Coucal was discovered by Le Vaillant. 1842Penny Cycl. XXIII. 363/1 The Rufous Swallow (Hirundo rufula, Temm.). 1862Johns Brit. Birds 128 The Rufous Sedge warbler, Curruca Galactodes. 1874Ibis July 236 A Rufous Warbler..was taken alive on the 23rd May 1873.
c. In names of moths, as rufous arch, rufous carpet, etc., or of animals, as rufous lemur; rufous bee, a solitary bee, Andrena fulva; rufous rat-kangaroo, a small marsupial, æpyprymnus rufescens, found in south-eastern parts of Australia.
1832J. Rennie Consp. Butterfl. & M. 117 The Rufous Carpet (Cidaria munitata, Stephens) appears the end of June. Ibid. 169 The Rufous Arch (Semasia rufana, Stephens). 1897H. O. Forbes Hand-bk. Primates I. 73 The Rufous Lemur..has a yellowish-white frontal band. 1926Le Souef & Burrell Wild Animals Australasia 234 Rufous Rat-kangaroo... General colour above coarsely grizzled rufescent grey. 1928Observer 17 June 24/3 That queen of burrowers,..the rufous bee, Andrena. 1972Sunday Mail Mag. (Brisbane) 3 Sept. 4 The rufous rat-kangaroo..occurs in many parts of central and south Queensland, particularly in open forest.
2. Comb. with other names of colours, as rufous-brown, rufous-buff, rufous-white.
1782Latham Gen. Synop. Birds I. ii. 517 The upper parts of the body..spotted with rufous yellow. 1813Bingley Anim. Biogr. (ed. 4) II. 165 Its colour is rufous-brown above, and beneath yellowish. 1838Penny Cycl. X. 187/2 Under tail-coverts plain rufous-white. 1896Lloyd's Nat. Hist. 73 The fore-neck and breast..tinged with rufous-buff. 1953D. A. Bannerman Birds Brit. Isles I. 300 The black crown feathers are then mostly obscured by buff or rufous-brown tips to the feathers. 1968B. Hines Kestrel for Knave 26 On a shelf behind the bars stood a kestrel hawk: Rufous brown. Flecked breast, dark bars across her back and wings.
3. Comb. with adjs. or pa. pples., as rufous-coloured, rufous-edged, rufous-tinged.
1797Encycl. Brit. (ed. 3) I. 661/2 It lays 10 or 12 rufous-coloured eggs. 1866Newall Eastern Hunters 30 Norman's quick eye lighted for a single second on a rufous coloured mass. 1872Coues N. Amer. Birds 171 The quills and tail feathers are more extensively rufous-edged. Ibid. 215 Upper tail coverts white, rufous-tinged.
b. In specific names of birds, etc. (see quots.).
1784Latham Gen. Synop. Birds II. ii. 371 *Rufous-backed Lark. 1843Yarrell Brit. Birds II. 462 Ardea russata, Rufous-backed Egret. 1872Coues N. Amer. Birds 185 Rufous-backed Hummingbird..chiefly cinnamon-rufous above.
1803Shaw Gen. Zool. IV. ii. 416 *Rufous-banded sparus, Sparus Hurta.
1782Latham Gen. Synop. Birds I. ii. 760 *Rufous-bellied Humming Bird... Inhabits Brasil. 1784Ibid. II. ii. 566 Rufous-bellied Swallow. 1877Nature 15 Mar. 441/2 Two Rufous-bellied Bulbuls (Hypsipetes Mclellandi).
1784Latham Gen. Synop. Birds II. ii. 771 *Rufous-breasted Partridge.
1783Ibid. II. i. 267 *Rufous-chinned Finch, Fringilla noctis.
1872Coues N. Amer. Birds 140 *Rufous-crowned Finch..; crown uniform chestnut.
1784Latham Gen. Synop. Birds II. ii. 571 *Rufous-headed Swallow. 1823― Gen. Hist. Birds VI. 297 Rufous-headed Lark. This is the smallest of African Larks. 1898Morris Austral English 56/2 Rufous-headed Bristle⁓bird, Sphenura broadbentii.
1823Latham Gen. Hist. Birds VI. 297 *Rufous-hooded Lark.
1783― Gen. Synop. Birds II. i. 85 *Rufous-naped thrush.
1865Chambers's Encycl. VII. 362/1 The *Rufous-necked Pelican (P. fuscus) abounds in the West Indies and in many parts of America.
1784Latham Gen. Synop. Birds II. ii. 582 *Rufous-rumped Swallow.
1782Ibid. I. ii. 517 *Rufous-spotted cuckow, Cuculus punctatus.
1783Ibid. II. i. 30 *Rufous-tailed Thrush. 1809Shaw Gen. Zool. VII. ii. 311 Rufous-tailed Shrike, Lanius phoenicurus. 1884Coues N. Amer. Birds 434 Myiarchus,..Rufous-Tailed Flycatchers.
1783Latham Gen. Synop. Birds II. i. 334 *Rufous-vented flycatcher. 1877Nature 15 Mar. 441/2 A Rufous-vented Guan (Penelope cristata) from Central America.
1783Latham Gen. Synop. Birds II. i. 55 *Rufous-winged Thrush.
4. ellipt. as n.
a. A brownish-red colour.
1783Latham Gen. Synop. Birds II. 362 The under parts wholly white, with a tinge of rufous. 1817Stephens in Shaw's Gen. Zool. X. i. 265 The rest of it..blackish, variegated with grey blue and rufous. 1860Russell Diary India I. 66 Peaked mountains of rich rufous and Vandyck brown. 1872Coues N. Amer. Birds 171 Wing coverts..as well as the primaries edged with rufous.
b. A rufous-coloured moth.
1832J. Rennie Consp. Butterfl. & M. 143 The Slender Striped Rufous (M. subrufata, Stephens). 1907R. South Moths Brit. Isles 1st Ser. 299 The Small Rufous..varies from pale ochreous white, through reddish shades, to a greyish brown. 1958W. J. Stokoe Caterpillars Brit. Moths (new ed.) I. 281 The Small Rufous..occurring in fens and marshes. |