| 释义 |
▪ I. rump, n.1|rʌmp|
Also 5–7 rumpe, 6 rompe, 7 rumpt, rompt.
[ME. rumpe, rompe, prob. of Scand. origin: cf. MDa. rumpe, rompe (Da. rumpe), MSw. rumpa, rompa (Sw. rumpa), tail, posteriors, Norw. rumpa tail, rump posteriors, Icel. rumpr. The corresponding MDu. romp(e), rump (Du. and Fris. romp), MLG. and LG. rump, OHG. and G. rumpf mean ‘trunk’ of the body.]
1. a. That part of the body (of an animal or bird) from which the tail springs; † the tail; hence by extension, the hind-quarters, posteriors, buttocks.
c1440Promp. Parv. 439/2 Rumpe, tayle, cauda. 1530Palsgr. 263/2 Rompe of a beest, poiltron, crovpe. 1577B. Googe Heresbach's Husb. iv. (1586) 158 Their Tailes dubled and flagging, their rumpes and thyes full of feathers. 1590Spenser F.Q. i. viii. 48 At her rompe she growing had behind A foxes taile. 1606Shakes. Tr. & Cr. v. ii. 56 The diuell Luxury with his fat rumpe and potato finger. 1617Moryson Itin. iv. (1903) 214 They fasten them..to the tayles of theire horses and to the Rompts when the tayles be puld off. 1668Culpepper & Cole tr. Barthol. Anat. iv. xv. 351 That Danish Boy, who had a Tail growing out at his Rump. 1740Somerville Hobbinol i. 307 He on his Hams, or on his brawny Rump Sliding secure, derides their vain Distress. 1774Goldsm. Nat. Hist. (1776) VI. 108 The marks of the goose are, a bigger body,..a white ring about the rump. 1826Scott Jrnl. 2 Nov., I saw the scoundrels jumping the windows, with the bayonets at their rumps. 1846J. Baxter Libr. Pract. Agric. (ed. 4) II. 261 Sheep..high on the loins, down on the rumps. 1884Coues N. Amer. Birds 94 In general, we should call the anterior two-thirds or three-fourths of notæum ‘back’, and the rest ‘rump’.
†b. That part of a tail which is next to the body; the stump. Also transf. Obs.
1608Topsell Serpents (1658) 674 The length of it from the tip of the nose to the rump of the tail is seven or eight fingers. 1676Moxon Print Letters 34 Q hath its Body made like O. The Rump of the Tail is made by drawing a straight line from Parallel 12½. 1745P. Thomas Jrnl. Anson's Voy. 40 Two [fins]..with a small Rump of a Tail between them.
c. A part resembling a rump. rare—1.
1852Badger Nestorians I. 254 We left Amedia at 7 a.m., and..made the western rump of Jebel Gara about noon.
d. A type of bustle. Obs.
1786E. Sheridan Jrnl. 22 Jan. (1960) iii. 79 However you may tell her as a friend gradually to reduce her Stuffing as Rumps are quite out in France and are decreasing here but can not be quite given up 'till the weather grows warmer. 1807R. Southey Lett. from England II. xlix. 335 There were protruberances on the hips called bustlers, another behind which was called in plain language a rump.
2. a. This part of an animal or fowl as cut off and used for food.
1486Bk. St. Albans C viij, She tyrith vppon Rumppys, she fedith on all maner of flesh. 1567Turberv. Epit., etc. 111 When my back is turnde and gon, Another giues thee rumpes to tyre vpon. 1611Cotgr., Cimier, the vpper part of a rumpe of Beefe, &c., next, or neere, vnto the chine. 1688S. Penton Guardian's Instruct. (1897) 47 Treated at an Ale-house with a Rump of Beef. 1710Addison Tatler No. 148 ⁋1 The Maids of Honour in Queen Elizabeth's Time were allowed Three Rumps of Beef for their Breakfast. 1796Burke Lett. Noble Lord Wks. VIII. 63 The poor ox..is divided into rumps, and sirloins, and briskets, and into all sorts of pieces. 1837M. Donovan Dom. Econ. II. 237, I caused a rump of beef..to be immersed in..cold water for three hours. 1884Gilmour Mongols 122 To present the rump and tail was the highest honour that a host could offer a guest at a feast.
Comb.a1700B. E. Dict. Cant. Crew, Rump-and-Kidney Men, Fidlers that Play at Feasts, Fairs,..&c. And Live chiefly on the Remnants of Victuals.
†b. Used with allusion to sense 3 b. Obs.
1660Pepys Diary 11 Feb., In King-street seven or eight [bonfires]; and all along burning, and roasting, and drinking for rumps. c1665Mrs. Hutchinson Mem. Col. Hutchinson (1838) 116/1 When the youths were gathering together to make bonfires to burn the Rump, as the custom of those mad days [1660] was. 1680Lond. Gaz. No. 1497/4 Several Apprentices..had formed a design..to come together in a considerable number on the Kings Birth-day, as they pretended, To Burn the Rump.
†c. rump and dozen: (see quot. 1796). Also, corporal punishment administered on the buttocks. Obs. exc. arch.
1796Grose's Dict. Vulgar T. (ed. 3), Rump and dozen, a rump of beef and a dozen of claret. 1812Sporting Mag. XXXIX. 112 A bet of a rump and dozen was laid of this important point. 1827Sir J. Barrington Pers. Sk. 296 I'll lay you a rump and a dozen..on the matter. 1833J. Romilly Diary 20 Mar. (1967) 31 The original bet was 1 G[ui]n[e]a, but Sedgwick proposed a rump & dozen. 1922Joyce Ulysses 323 A rump and dozen says the citizen, was what that old ruffian sir John Beresford called it but the modern God's Englishman calls it caning on the breech.
3. a. fig. A small, unimportant, or contemptible remnant or remainder of a body of persons (esp. of a Parliament: cf. next).
1649Walker Hist. Independency ii. 32 This fagge end, this Rump of a Parliament with corrupt Maggots in it. 1659Engl. Conf. 22 This Rumpe of a casheered House of Commons. 1730T. Boston Mem. (1899) 286 The people running away into it, so that the rump of the meeting seemed only to remain. 1795Burke Corr. (1844) IV. 318 My business with the House of Lords is over for the present; for they have, or a rump of them, done their own business pretty handsomely. 1818Cobbett Pol. Reg. XXXIII. 8 What remains of it, is the Rump of the old Committee. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. i. I. 131 The few members who made up what was contemptuously called the Rump of the House of Commons. 1877W. Morris in Mackail Life (1899) I. 349 The Tory Rump that we fools chose at the last election to represent us.
transf.1708Brit. Apollo No. 83. 2/1 You are..the Rump of the Athenian Oracle.
b. Hist. The remnant of the Long Parliament (restored in May, 1659) which was dissolved by Monk in Feb. 1660; also (esp. in later use) the earlier remnant of the same Parliament from the time of Pride's Purge (Dec. 1648) to its dissolution by Cromwell in April, 1653.[As to the origin of the name, cf. the following statements:—1662 Rump Songs To Rdr., Now if you ask who nam'd it Rump, know 'twas so stil'd in an honest Sheet of Paper (call'd The Bloody Rump) written before the Tryal of our late Soveraign of Glorious Memory: but the Word obtain'd not universal notice till it flew from the mouth of Major General Brown at a Publick Assembly in the daies of Richard Cromwell.1709Hearne Collect. (O.H.S.) II. 329 Which word Rump had it's name first from Mr. Clem. Walker in his History of Independency printed in 1648 and was given to those..members that strenuously oppos'd the King.] 1659C. Hatton Let. to Hyde 23 Dec. in Clarendon MSS., The Rump, as we now call them. 1660Pepys Diary 22 Feb., Major General Brown, who had a long time been banished by the Rump. 1660in Wood Life (O.H.S.) I. 363 note, The oath..taken by every member of both houses of Parliament, Rumpt and all. 1681Trial of S. Colledge 117 It was the Garbage of that Parliament I am sure, that is the Rump, but they called themselves the Parliament of England. 1725B. Higgons Rem. Burnet i. Wks. 1736 II. 64 His Quarrel to Cromwell, was his having depos'd the Rump, and usurp'd the Power in a single Person. 1757Hume Hist. Eng., Commw. iii. IV. 97 It was agreed, that, laying aside former enmities, all efforts should be used for the overthrow of the Rump; For so they called the Parliament. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. i. I. 147 The Rump and the soldiers were still hostile to the House of Stuart. But the Rump was universally detested and despised. 1878N. Amer. Rev. CXXVI. 538 This office he [Milton] held during the Rump, under five successive councils of state.
c. So Rump Parliament.
1670Clarendon Hist. Reb. xvi. §208 Upon the recalling..of Harry Cromwell to the rump Parliament as soon as his brother Richard was deposed. 1671Glanvill Further Disc. Stubbe 31 Styling me Chaplain to M. Rous, a Member of the Rump-Parliament. 1725B. Higgons Rem. Burnet i. Wks. 1736 II. 48 Is it possible to conceive that the Rump Parliament, and afterward Cromwell, would have let my Lord Antrim have sat quiet for twelve Years? Ibid. 69 His [Monk's] Address..in perswading the Rump Parliament to dislodge the disaffected Troops at London. 1845Carlyle Cromwell (1871) III. 196 Such was the destructive wrath of my Lord General Cromwell against the Nominal Rump Parliament of England.
4. In phrases rump and rig, rump and stump, through and through; completely, entirely. dial. or colloq. (See also stump n.)
Cf. G. mit rumpf und stumpf in the same sense.
1824Mactaggart Gallovid. Encycl. 499 Up rump and stump did Auchen burn. 18..Sk. Broad Yks. 54 (E.D.D.), They say they're Britons rump an' rig. 1892J. E. Muddock Detective's Triumphs 55 My man..bought the place. Bought it! Yes. Rump and stump.
5. attrib. and Comb.
a. In sense 1 or 2, as rump-beef, rump-end, rump-feather, rump-gland, rump-patch, rump roast, rump-steak; also rump-fed, rump-galled, rump-spotted adjs.
1605Shakes. Macb. i. iii. 6 Aroynt thee, Witch, the rumpe⁓fed Ronyon cryes. 1614B. Jonson Bart. Fair ii. ii, You'll neuer thinke of any thing, till your dame be rumpgall'd. 1675H. Woolley Gentlew. Comp. 114 Then take the rump-end of the Backbone. 1689Muses Farew. to Popery 18 A lazy Mass of damn'd Rump Beef. 1747H. Glasse Art of Cookery i. 6 To Broil Steaks..take fine Rump Steaks about Half an Inch thick. 1765Sterne Tr. Shandy vii. xxi, The gardener..led out the two old mules, to clip the hair from the rump-ends of their tails. 1765Goldsm. Ess. vi. Wks. (Globe) 302/2 Bad as it was, it seemed a rump-steak to me. 1834Mudie Brit. Birds (1841) I. 10 The rump feathers and upper tail coverts. 1849D. J. Browne Amer. Poultry Yd. (1855) 282 The rump gland frequently becomes obstructed. 1886C. E. Pascoe London of To-day ii. (ed. 3) 40 A mutton-chop or rump-steak may be readily got from the nearest butcher's. 1897Forbes Hand-bk. Primates II. 72 Rump-spotted Guenon, cercopithecus opisthostictus. 1902Nature 14 Aug. 375/2 The author states that the gaur and the gayal have a white rump-patch. 1926Daily Colonist (Victoria, B.C.) 6 July 6/1 (Advt.), Small Rump Roasts, per lb. 23c. 1948A. L. Rand Mammals Eastern Rockies 206 Elk... Sides of body yellowish brown, rump patch lighter. 1976National Observer (U.S.) 22 May 20/4 Right in the Rump Roast.
b. In sense 3 or 3 b, as rump caucus, rump-general, rump government, rump-groat, rump-junta, rump-man, rump meeting, rump-member, rump parliament (see also sense 3 c), rump party, rump-senate, rump state, rump-time.
1659–60Hist. 2nd Death Rump 1/2 Some Packs he inveagles, O' th' blood-coated Beagles, To's partie; the Rump⁓men did so too. 1663Dryden Wild Gallant iii. i, When the keys of the Exchequer were lost in the Rump-time. 1670Clarendon Hist. Reb. xvi. §144 They made no doubt but the rump members would again resume the government. 1716Hearne Collect. (O.H.S.) V. 296 Of whose being sequestred in the Rump-Time I have heard much. 1731Gentl. Mag. I. 537 A Silver pair of Breeches neatly wrought, (Such as you see upon an old Rump Groat). 1826W. E. Andrews Crit. Rev. Fox's Bk. Mart. II. 27 A rump-general, namely, John Lambert. 1838Ibid. 17 Feb. 764/1 What prevents Congress from declaring itself perpetual—a rump Parliament? 1861Richmond (Va.) Examiner 4 Dec. 3/3 It may very reasonably be doubted how far General Sherman or his officers would suffer schemes so vitally important to the Rump Government to leak out through the indiscretions of loquacious volunteers. 1861J. E. B. Mayor Introd. Cicero, Philipp. ii. (1881) p. xvii, The rump senate, thus brought together, was convened by Antonius and Cassius. 1933Sun (Baltimore) 19 Apr. 1/7 The incipient revolt as reflected in the rump caucus of Democratic inflationists. 1935Times 19 June 2/2 The Westminster Rump-juntas of our own day. 1935Sun (Baltimore) 10 Dec. 2/7 Mr. Berry..declared the meeting adjourned, and Dr. Haake and his confreres edged their way out to the sidewalk, where they threatened for a time to hold a ‘rump meeting’. 1937Nation 6 Nov. 419/1 The Franco rump government in Spain. 1938Sun (Baltimore) 31 Oct. 8/3 Germany and Italy have consented to serve as arbiters in the dispute between Hungary and the rump Czechoslovakian state. 1940Tablet 4 May 422/1 Herr Joseph Bühler..is at present a sort of head of the Governor-General's Government in the rump-State of Poland. 1959Ann. Reg. 1958 121 Rump parties would continue to exist and split the anti-P.A.P. vote. 1963Times 23 May 13/4 This move is a direct reversal of the proposal, threatened by the Governor of the Gambia, that the remaining validly elected members of the House of Representatives constituted a ‘rump parliament’, capable of curing this difficulty. 1976New Yorker 22 Mar. 98/2 Krishnan Kant recently made an eloquent and wide-ranging indictment of the emergency, a sort of cri de cœur, in what could properly be called the rump Parliament, inasmuch as so many of both its opposition and its Congress members have been jailed. 1977New Yorker 10 Oct. 50/3 On the eve of Eaton's ninetieth birthday..he was summarily booted upstairs to chairman emeritus by his own board of directors at a rump meeting. 1977Time 15 Aug. 15/2 In 1975 the Turks declared their own Turkish Federated State of Cyprus; last week the only notice this rump government took of Makarios' passing was to announce flatly that it would not recognize his successor as the leader of a united Cyprus.
c. rumpsprung a., sprung or become baggy in the seat; also fig.; hence rumpspringing vbl. n.
1939C. Morley Kitty Foyle xiii. 131 Pop creaking in his rumpsprung wicker chair. 1954Publ. Amer. Dial. Soc. xxi. 35 Rumpspringing: pres. part., n., of a skirt, the act of bagging in the seat, caused by sitting. An inner lining is sometimes used to prevent rumpspringing... Rumpsprung: adj. 1970D. Waterfield Continental Waterboy ii. 11 ‘In my opinion,’ Mrs. Neuberger told the reporters, ‘Vancouver women are rump-sprung.’ 1975Weekend Mag. (Montreal) 31 May 9/1 In the hallway, his rumpsprung wife is making a blasé remark about the new labor code.
6. Special combs., as rump-band, a leather band passing over the rump of a horse to support the trace-chains; † rump-evil, a disease affecting the rump; † rump-jewel (?); rump-poke (see quot.); rump-post, the pygostyle of a bird; † rump-roll = bustle n.2; rump-rope (see quot.); rump-strap, a strap serving the same purpose as a rump-band.
1844H. Stephens Bk. Farm III. 1192 The *rump-band is hooked on to the trace-chains.
1611Cotgr., Mal de cropion, the *rumpe-euill; a disease wherewith all birds..are sometimes troubled.
1710Steele Tatler No. 245 ⁋2 A Crochet of 122 Diamonds,..with a *Rump Jewel after the same Fashion.
1821A. Welby Visit N. Amer. 8 We also saw yesterday a large brown bird pursuing a Gull, and understood its name to be *Rump-poke. An appropriate appellation, as it pursues other birds for their droppings.
1890Coues Ornith. ii. iv. 210 That extraordinary affair called the *rump-post or pygostyle.
1707J. Stevens tr. Quevedo's Com. Wks. (1709) 403 A vast Fardel of Rags..composed a *Rump-rowl.
1820W. Scoresby Acc. Arctic Reg. II. 296 The rump then, supported by a tackle, is drawn forward by means of a stout rope, called the *rump-rope.
1844H. Stephens Bk. Farm III. 1192 The trace-horse is harnessed with back-strap, *rump-strap, and crupper.
Add:[3.] d. (Not pejoratively.) That which is left; the rest or the remainder.
1969D. Acheson Present at Creation (1970) xviii. 161 The rump of the organization would be renamed the Office of Intelligence Coordination and Liaison. 1977Modern Railways Dec. 474/1 The old Boulby site is served by a new connection to the rump of the Scarborough–Whitby coastal line, closed to through traffic in 1958, at Skinningrove. 1981Times 9 July 24/5 The lightning collapse left practically no time for investors to save themselves. It is the liquidation of this rump of gold, bought at the inflated prices of that time, which had depressed the gold price over the past 18 months. 1983Times 10 Aug. 15/6 The US houses could well match buyers and sellers outside and put the ‘rump’ of the shares they could not clear each day through the market via a small broker.
▪ II. † rump, n.2 Obs. rare.
[= Du. romp ‘pieces of cloves and nutmeg’, in Kilian rompe ‘nux myristica vilior, cassa, inanis’, MLG. rumpe.]
Refuse of nutmegs.
1602in Sir G. Birdwood & W. Foster Reg. Lett. E. India Co. (1893) 41 To clense them & free them..from dust & the nutmegges from Rumps. 1610Rates of Marchandizes F vij, Garble and Rumpes of Nutmegs the pound, xij.d.
▪ III. rump, v. Chiefly slang.|rʌmp|
[f. rump n.1]
1. trans. To turn one's back upon (a person), esp. as a mode of snubbing. Now rare or Obs.
1737Common Sense I. 52 Whoever envies me, or whoever is not on my Side, let him be Rumped. 1790Lady S. Lennox Life & Lett. (1901) II. 76 Mr. Conolly was at Court in London, and H. M. rump'd him,..so that he did not go to the Queen's drawing-room. 1809Malkin Gil Blas ix. ii. ⁋5 Other people who attempted to speak to him, were rumped in exact proportion with the blandishments of his face towards me. 1841Barham Ingol. Leg. Ser. ii. Old Wom. in Grey, His Holiness not only gets the ‘cold shoulder’ But Nick rumps him completely. 1845Blackw. Mag. LVII. 375 We believe it is an established rule, not to turn your back on—or in playhouse phrase—not to rump your audience.
2. absol. Of pigeons: To set up the tail feathers.
1765Treat. Dom. Pigeons 106 It was apt to make them rump.
3. trans. To flog or scourge. rare—0.
1812J. H. Vaux Flash Dict., Rump'd, flogged or scourged.
4. Sc. To plunder completely; to clean (one) of money. (Cf. rump n.1 4.)
1815Scott Let. in Lockhart (1837) III. xi. 366 Most of the châteaux, where the Prussians are quartered, are what is technically called rumped, that is to say, plundered out and out. 1825Jamieson Suppl. s.v., A phrase often applied to a losing gamester; as, ‘I'm quite rumpit’.
Hence ˈrumping vbl. n.
1765Treat. Dom. Pigeons 96 Setting the feathers upon the rump, (which is called rumping). |