| 释义 |
Rus|rʌs, ruːs|
Also 9 Russ.
[Russ. Rus' (see Russ n. and a.), Arab. Rūs; cf. medieval Gr. οἱ Ῥῶς.]
The name of a group of Swedish merchant warriors who established themselves around Kiev and the Dnieper in the ninth century, whose settlements gave rise to the later Russian principalities.
1845Encycl. Metrop. XXIV. 225/1 The Vareghi (conquering) Russ, one of the enterprising Tribes of Scandinavia, whose fleets had appeared in the Bosphorus during the first half of the IXth Century. 1876V. Thomsen Relations betw. Anc. Russia & Scandinavia ii. 37, I am going to..corroborate..the Scandinavian origin of the Russ. 1918R. Beazley et al. From Varangians to Bolsheviks i. i. 3 Both the name of Rus and the fact of a Russian people and Russian States are due to them [sc. the Scandinavians]. 1927E. V. Gordon Introd. Old Norse p. xxi, From the Swedish founders of this kingdom..Russia takes its name, for the Swedes were known in the east as Rus. The population of the kingdom of the Rus was..mainly Slavonic, and the Rus themselves gradually lost their traditions and language. 1948G. Vernadsky Kievan Russia vi. 138 In Kiev the prince's retinue..consisted of the Swedish Rus. 1965H. M. Smyser in Bessinger & Creed Medieval & Linguistic Studies 92 In 921, Ibn Faḍlān..described..a tribe of Swedish Rūs Vikings, or, more accurately, Rūs armed merchants, and..a funeral which these Rūs accorded one of their chief men. 1976H. R. E. Davidson Viking Road to Byzantium i. iv. 56 It is in the ninth century that we first hear of the Rus, who were well known to Arab geographers, and whom the Byzantine Greeks called Rhos... For most western scholars, the name Rus is taken primarily to denote the Scandinavian settlers in Russia, particularly those established at Kiev in the ninth century. Ibid. 62 There is..general agreement that in the ninth century the important Rus state on the Dnieper around Kiev was formed. |