| 释义 |
Berlin|ˈbɜːlɪn, bɜːˈlɪn|
[The name of the former capital of Prussia and Germany (the eastern sector of which is the capital of East Germany), used attrib., and transferred to things that come or were supposed to come thence.]
1. An old-fashioned four-wheeled covered carriage, with a seat behind covered with a hood. [Also Berline from Fr.; so in Ger. Introduced by an officer of the Elector of Brandenburg, c 1670.]
1694Earl of Perth Let. 17 June (1845) 30 A woman with a maid following her came to the Berline side (this is a kind of traveling coach used here). 1717Lady Montagu Let. 29 May (1763) 110 The meadows being full of all sorts of garden flowers, and sweet herbs, my berlin perfumed the air as it pressed them. 1731Swift Answ. Simile Wks. 1755 IV. i. 222 Jealous Juno ever snarling, Is drawn by peacocks in her berlin. 1746Chesterfield Lett. I. cxiii. 307 Your distresses in your journey..and your broken Berline. 1850Alison Hist. Europe II. vi. §79. 75 They entered a berline which was ready harnessed by M. de Fersen's care.
2. Short for ‘Berlin wool.’
1881Girls Own Paper II. 420/3 Any of the Scotch fingering yarns are too thin, but double Berlin..will do.
3. Short for ‘Berlin Glove’: A knitted glove (of Berlin wool).
1836Dickens Sk. Boz, Tuggses at Ramsgate, A fat man in black tights, and cloudy Berlins. Ibid. Astley's, The dirty white Berlin Gloves.
4. attrib. or Comb., as Berlin black, a black varnish used for coating the better kinds of ironware; Berlin blue = Prussian blue, or the finest kind of it; Berlin castings, ornamental objects imported from Prussia, of Berlin iron, a very fusible quality of iron, smelted from bog-ore, containing much phosphorus, and suitable for casting figures and delicate articles, which are often lacquered or bronzed; Berlin pattern, a pattern in Berlin work; Berlin spirit (see quot. 1878); Berlin ware, an earthenware of a quality which resists the action of most chemical re-agents; Berlin warehouse, a shop or repository for Berlin wool and similar fancy wares; Berlin wool, a fine dyed wool used for knitting, tapestry, and the like; Berlin work, fancy work in Berlin wool, worsted embroidery.
1795R. Kirwan Elem. Min. (ed. 2) I. 491 The Berlin blue, so I call the Prussian blue of the shops, is not pure Prussiated iron, but a mixture of this with embryon alum. 1829R. C. Sands Writings (1834) II. 163 Her girdle was fastened in front with a massive shining clasp of Berlin ware. 1841Lady Wilton Art of Needlework xxv. 397 The style of modern embroidery, now so fashionable, from the Berlin patterns, dates from the commencement of the present century. Ibid. 398 The ‘Berlin wools’... These yarns, however, are only dyed in Berlin, being manufactured at Gotha. 1845G. Dodd Brit. Manuf. IV. iv. 110 The ‘Berlin’ patterns now so well known. c1845C. Brontë Professor (1857) I. xvii. 285 You can work with Berlin wools. 1853E. M. Sewell Exper. of Life xiii. 131 The..footstool, worked in the homely period between mediæval tapestry and modern Berlin patterns. 1854Encycl. Brit. IV. 667/2 Its [sc. Berlin's] principal branches of industry..are porcelain, silks..Berlin iron, &c. 1854C. M. Yonge Castle Builders vi. 78 Their purse netting and Berlin work. 1862― C'tess Kate iii. 52 She had a bunch of flowers in Berlin wool which she was supposed to be grounding. 1863G. M. Hopkins Note-Bks. (1937) 8 She abominated the Berlin wool shop. 1878Chambers's Encycl. II. 52/2 Berlin spirit, a coarse whisky made chiefly from beetroot, potatoes, &c. |