| 释义 |
pucelle
Forms: 5–9 puˈcelle; 5–7 pucell, 5–6 pusell, 5 pusshell; 6–7 ˈpucel, 6 pusel, -elle, puzel, -ell, ˈpussel, pussle, 7 pusil, pusle, puzzel, puzzle.
[c gray][a. F. pucelle (pysɛl[/c]), OF. pucele, earlier pulcele (11th c.):—pulcela, pulcella (c 881 Eulalia):—late L. pūlicella (a 511 Capitul. Chlodwig, in Pertz IV. 5) a young girl; so Pr. piucella, pieucela, OCat. punceyla, OSp. pun-, poncella, OPg. pucella (from F.), Rhæt. purscella, It. pulzella, pulsella. With sense 2, cf. LG., EFris. pussel (? from F.) a dirty slovenly person, esp. woman, a slattern (Doornk.–Koolman).
For the origin, Diez suggested a late L. *pullicella, dim. of med.L. pulla chicken, pullet, fem. of pullus young animal, chicken; the difficulty of which is that the Romanic form of pulla is polla, which ought to have given OF. *polcele, F. *poucelle. Gröber Archiv Lat. Lex. IV. 451 assumes a popular L. *pūellicella (cf. dominicella), dim. of pūella, pop. L. for puella (u being lengthened as in fuit, fuisset, F. fut, † fust, fut). From *pūellicella, the forms pūlicella, pūlcel(l)a, pulcele, pucele, pucelle, form a regular phonetic and graphic series for F. The late L. pūlicella might also be a dim. of L. pūlex, pūlic-em flea: but such a derivation is inconsistent with the sense.]
1. A girl, a maid. Obs. (exc. as Fr.).
c1430Lydg. Commend. Our Lady 54 Medecyne to mischeves, pucelle withouten pere. 1439in Archæologia XXI. 36 In that other partie ys a pusell knelyng wt a lambe. c1489Caxton Sonnes of Aymon vi. 144 Whan the pucell vnderstode this worde she was right glad. c1530Ld. Berners Arth. Lyt. Bryt. (1814) 494 A! gentil pusel! make good chere. 1534More Comf. agst. Trib. ii. xiv. (1573) 77 b, This Girle is a metely good pussel in a house, neuer idle, but euer occupied and busy. 1575Churchyard Chippes (1817) 147 Lyke pucell pure, a pearle in peace and warres. 1575Laneham Let. (1871) 23 Three prety puzels az bright az a breast of bacon. [1814Byron in Moore Life (1830) I. 553 My passion can wait, till the pucelle is more harmonious.]
b. spec. The Maid of Orleans, Joan of Arc. Obs. exc. Hist.
(Usually mentioned as her French appellation: in 16th c. sometimes taken as her surname.)
[c1431Hen. VI in Monstrelet Chron. ii. IV. cv. 442 Celle femme, qui se faisoit nommer Jehenne la Pucelle.] c1450Brut 439 The wicche of Fraunce that was callid th[e] ‘Pusshell’. [a1490Will. Worcester in Wars Eng. in Fr. (Rolls) II. ii. 760 Quædam mulier, vocata Pucelle de Dieu, capta est ab Anglis. 1494Fabyan Chron. vii. 641 To shewe vnto you somewhat of y⊇ mayden or pucell, which y⊇ Frenshmen named La pucele de Dieu.] a1548Hall Chron., Hen. VI 109 Hauyng in his company Ione the Puzel, whom he vsed as an oracle. 1591Shakes. 1 Hen. VI, i. ii. 110 Excellent Puzel, if thy name be so. Ibid. i. iv. 107 Puzel or Pussel, Dolphin or Dog-fish, Your hearts Ile stampe out with my Horses heeles. Ibid. iii. ii. 38 Pucell that Witch, that damned Sorceresse. 1678Butler Hud. iii. Lady's Answ. 285 Or Joan de Pucel's braver name. 1874Gairdner Lancaster & York vii. (1875) 133 The Pucelle..threw herself into the town [of Compiègne].
†2. A drab, a slut, a courtesan. Obs.
[c1520Marr. of London Stone in Hazl. E.P.P. III. 161 Here begynneth the maryage of London Stone and the fayre pusell the bosse of Byllyngesgate.] 1583Stubbes Anat. Abus. i. (1879) 78 Yee shall not haue any Gentlewoman almost, no, nor yet any droye or pussle in the Cuntrey, but they will carye in their hands nosegayes. 1607tr. Stephens' Apol. Herodot. 98 (N.), Some filthy queans, especially our puzzles of Paris. 1617Minsheu Ductor, A Pusle, trull, or stinking wench. a1700B. E. Dict. Cant. Crew, A dirty Quean, a very Puzzel or Slut. |