| 释义 |
sadism|ˈseɪ-, ˈsɑːdɪzm|
[ad. F. sadisme, f. the name of the Count (usually called ‘Marquis’) de Sade (1740–1814; infamous for his crimes and the character of his writings): see -ism.]
A form of sexual perversion marked by a love of cruelty. Now understood as cruelty that evidences a subconscious craving and is apparently satisfied, sexually or otherwise, by the infliction of pain on another by means of aggressive or destructive behaviour or the assertion of power over that person; also loosely, deliberate or excessive cruelty morbidly enjoyed.
1888Pall Mall G. 10 Sept. 4/2. 1897 Lancet 13 Nov. 1263/2 Crimes committed by people afflicted with what is technically known as ‘sadism’. 1924J. Riviere et al. tr. Freud's Coll. Papers II. xxii. 261 We should not be astonished to hear that under certain conditions the sadism or destruction instinct which has been directed outwards can be introjected. 1937H. G. Wells Brynhild vii. 116 He..with an expression of impish sadism..prodded his sceptre into young Bates. 1943H. Read Politics of Unpolitical ii. 18 Sadism is the unconscious impulse to acquire unrestricted power over another person, and to test the fullness of this power by destroying that other person. 1952Times Lit. Suppl. 11 Jan. 28 Feeling [in France] had been bruised by the war [of 1914–18], but it had not been forced (as happened after the Second World War) to find..an outlet in sadism or violence. 1965H. Deutsch Neuroses & Character Types ix. 132 Such observations led Freud to assume that it is the same aggression whether it is attached to the libidinal impulses in the form of sadism or whether..it is incorporated in the superego and made the expression of its severity. 1974I. Bieber in S. Arieti Amer. Handbk. Psychiatry III. xv. 318/2 In my view sadism is a maladaptive response to threat; it is a paranoid constellation in which the victim is a personified representative of a variety of irrationally perceived threats. 1979M. Glasser in I. Rosen Sexual Deviation x. 281 The distinction I am making between aggression and sadism may be illustrated by some simple examples. |