| 释义 |
samarium Chem.|səˈmɛərɪəm|
[mod.L., coined in Fr. (P.-É. Lecoq de Boisbaudran 1879, in Compt. Rend. LXXXIX. 214): see samarskite and -ium.]
A hard grey metallic element of the lanthanide series, found in small quantities in monazite sand, samarskite, and other rare earth minerals. Symbol Sm; atomic number 62.
1879Jrnl. Chem. Soc. XXXVI. 890 A new metal to which the author gives the name Samarium. 1907Athenæum 31 Aug. 244/3 A sulphide of calcium containing a trace of the rare element samarium. 1923U. R. Evans Metals & Metallic Compounds II. 233 If an attempt is to be made to obtain pure compounds of samarium, europium, or gadolinium, the double magnesium salts are more satisfactory. 1955Sci. News Let. 12 Mar. 164/1 Rare earth metals, such as samarium and europium, have long remained a mystery, simply because there was not enough of them available to find out what they could be used for. 1969New Scientist 28 Aug. 430/2 Storage densities of 100 000 bits of information per square inch may be achieved with an orthoferrite containing samarium and terbium. 1974Encycl. Brit. Micropædia VIII. 829/2 In addition to its more stable trivalent state, samarium..has a +2 oxidation state... Trivalent samarium..forms a series of yellow salts and solutions. 1977Gramophone Oct. 590/1 (Advt.), It has an unusually tiny, samarium cobalt (rare earth) magnet of remarkably high power. 1980Sunday Times 24 Aug. 14/8 The magnet within which the coil fits is now made of samarium cobalt.
Hence saˈmaria, the oxide Sm2O3, a cream-coloured solid.
1885Jrnl. Chem. Soc. XLVIII. ii. 1025 The spectrum of a phosphorescent mixture of samaria 90 parts, and yttria 10 parts, in high vacua, shows none of the lines of yttrium, but is almost a facsimile of the spectrum of pure samarium. 1898Sir W. Crookes Addr. Brit. Assoc. 23 The persistence of the samarium spectrum in presence of overwhelming quantities of other metals, is almost unexampled in spectroscopy: thus one part of samaria can easily be seen when mixed with three million parts of lime. 1974Encycl. Brit. Macropædia XV. 516/1 Mosander's didymia was resolved into several oxides—samaria (samarium; 1879), praseodymia.., neodymia.., and europia. |