| 释义 |
sanhedrim, sanhedrin Jewish Antiq.|ˈsænɪdrɪm, -ɪn|
Also 6–7 sanedrim, 7 -in.
[a. late Heb. sanhedrīn, a. Gr. συνέδριον council, lit. ‘sitting together’, f. σύν together + ἕδρα seat. The incorrect form sanhedrim, which has always been in England (from the 17th c.) the only form in popular use, seems to have arisen from a notion that the ending of the word was the Aramaic plural suffix -īn, the Heb. equivalent of which was -īm. Cf. G. sanhedrin, F. sanhédrin, It., Sp. sanedrin, Pg. sanedrim.]
‘The name applied to the highest court of justice and supreme council at Jerusalem, and in a wider sense also to lower courts of justice’ (W. Bacher in Hastings' Dict. of the Bible, s.v.); the ‘Great Sanhedrim’ is said to have consisted of 71 members. Also, the title given to the assembly of representative Jewish rabbis and laymen convened by Napoleon I in 1807 to report on certain points of Jewish law.
1588J. Udall Demonstr. Discipl. i. (Arb.) 15 For priests, pastours;..for rulers of the Synagogue, Elders;..for the Sanedrim, the Eldershipp. 1625T. Godwin Moses & Aaron v. (1641) 190 The greater court by way of excellency, was called the Sanhedrim, which word came from the Greek συνέδριον, a place of judgement. a1656Ussher Ann. vi. (1658) 146 Ezra the President..of this Sanedrin, or great Synagogue. 1656Blount Glossogr., Sanhedrim or Sanhedrin. 1662Stillingfl. Orig. Sacræ ii. v. §3. 169 The cognizance and tryal of false Prophets did peculiarly belong to the great Sanhedrim. c1800Moore Devil among Schol. 56 Priest and holy Sanhedrim Were one-and-seventy fools to him! 1877C. Geikie Christ lii. (1879) 618 The great ecclesiastical court of the nation, known in the Talmud as the Sanhedrim.
b. transf.
1653Clarke Papers (Camden) III. 4 The management of the Governement is now resolved to bee by a Sanedrim or 70 of the best men that can bee thought of through England. 1797Burke Affairs Ireland Wks. IX. 464 This Protestant Apostle is as much above all suspicion of Popery as the greatest and most zealous of your Sanhedrim in Ireland can possibly be. 1837Carlyle Fr. Rev. vi. i, Occupied in that way, an august National Assembly becomes for us little other than a Sanhedrim of Pedants. 1865Lowell Reconstruction Prose Wks. (1890) V. 222 Here [is]..an acknowledgment of the human nature of the negro by the very Sanhedrim of the South. 1875E. White Life in Christ i. vii. (1878) 68 It is quite possible for whole sanhedrims of the most respectable divines..to misunderstand important doctrines of revelation. |