| 释义 |
saponin, -ine Chem.|ˈsæpənɪn, -aɪn|
[a. F. saponine, f. L. sāpōn- soap: see -in.]
A glucoside obtained from Saponaria officinalis, Quillaia saponaria, and many other plants. In mod. use, any of a large class of steroid glycosides obtained from plants, which are usu. toxic (esp. to fish), causing hæmolysis, and are characterized by the property of foaming in aqueous solution.
1831J. Davies Manual Mat. Med. 127 Saponine..presents the physical properties of a solution of soap. 1836–41Brande Chem. (ed. 5) 1230/2 Saponin [obtained] from the Saponaria officinalis. 1884A. Daniell Princ. Physics xi. 247 If a magnetic needle be so adjusted as to have its lower surface in contact with the surface of a solution of saponine, it will remain in any position in defiance of the directive force of the earth's magnetism. 1891Jrnl. Chem. Soc. LX. ii. 1531 The author [sc. R. Kobert] considers that there are a series of saponins of the general formula CnH2n–8O10, several of which are known. 1916Jrnl. Biol. Chem. XXVIII. 443 A new saponin, C24H40O14, was isolated from the rootstock of Yucca filamentosa. 1953C. W. & E. Shoppee in E. H. Rodd Chem. Carbon Compounds II. b. xix. 1035 Saponins..are haemolytic when injected into the bloodstream of animals and therefore highly toxic intravenously but comparatively harmless when ingested. 1977Lewis & Elvin-Lewis Med. Bot. ii. 19/2 The recent importance of plant steroidal compounds, especially the steroid saponins, is their suitability as cortisone and hormone precursors. |