| 释义 |
▪ I. boiler, n.|ˈbɔɪlə(r)|
[f. boil v. + -er1.]
1. One who boils (anything).
c1540Househ. Ord. 236 That the Cookes and Boylers doe dresse the Meate well. a1691Boyle (J.) The boilers of saltpetre. 1835Ure Philos. Manuf. 204 Wool-sorters..fullers or millers, boilers, giggers.
2. a. A vessel in which water or any liquid is boiled.
1725De Foe Voy. round World (1840) 65 They had built several furnaces and boilers. a1728Woodward (J.) Several pots and boilers before the fire. 1815Elphinstone Caubul 11. 187 Messes of ten each, who have a tent, a boiler, and a camel between them.
b. spec. In a steam-engine, the large vessel, usually of wrought-iron plates riveted together, in which the water is converted into steam; the tank or vessel commonly attached to a kitchen grate; the vessel in which clothes are boiled before washing.
1757Phil. Trans. L. 54 The engine at the York-buildings Water-works, the boiler of which is 15 feet diameter. 1829R. Stuart Anecd. Steam Eng. i. 305 Boilers built solely of cast iron. Mod. The boiler of a locomotive burst.
c. to bu(r)st one's boiler (fig.), to come, or bring, to grief. U.S. colloq.
1824in Thornton Amer. Gloss. (1912). 1834W. A. Caruthers Kentuckian in N.Y. I. 218 That'll make them think somebody's busted their biler. 1847Paulding Madmen All 189 May my boiler be eternally busted, if there isn't that are lady.
3. What makes anything boil, as in pot-boiler, a piece of work done to boil the pot: see boil v. 10 a.
4. A vegetable, fruit, etc. suited for boiling.
1812Examiner 5 Oct. 634/1 Having but few Peas at Market..fine boilers are 10s. per quarter dearer. 1864Times 24 Dec., Peas in good demand for all descriptions, and boilers rather dearer.
5. In the West Indies and Bermudas, a sunken coral reef into which the sea breaks with foam and spray.
1909in Cent. Dict. Suppl.
6. Comb. and attrib. (in sense 2 b) as boiler-house, boiler explosion; boiler-alarm, an apparatus for indicating lowness of water in a boiler; boiler-deck U.S., the lower deck of a steamer, lying immediately above the boilers; boiler-feeder, an apparatus for supplying a boiler with water; boiler-float, a float which by its rising or falling turns the feed-water off or on; boilerful, the amount of water or steam that will fill a boiler; boiler-iron, rolled iron of 1/4 to ½-inch thickness, used for making steam-boilers, etc.; boiler-maker, a maker of boilers for engines; boiler-man, a man who attends to a boiler; boiler plate, (a) = boiler-iron; (b) transf. (U.S.), stereotyped or formulaic writing; spec. syndicated matter issued to the newspaper press; (c) Mountaineering (see quot. 1957); boiler-protector, a coating to prevent the escape of heat from a boiler; boiler-smith, a boiler-maker; boiler suit, an outer garment combining overalls and shirt, worn to protect clothing; boiler-tube, one of the tubes by which heat is diffused through the water in a boiler.
1840S. A. Howland Steamboat Disasters 131 *Boiler-deck,—being that part of the upper deck situated immediately over the boilers. 1877J. Habberton Jericho Road i. 10 The new hand reached the boiler-deck, and reported to the mate.
1885Pall Mall G. 14 Feb. 7/2 A *boiler explosion..occurred at the Mid Kent Brickworks, Beckenham, yesterday. The *boiler-house was completely demolished.
1883Knowledge 1 June 323/2 A *boilerful of steam.
1851C. Cist Cincinnati 213 The yearly products are..five hundred tons *boiler-iron, heads, etc. 1877R. W. Raymond Statistics Mines 29 It [sc. the water-jacket] is constructed of the heaviest boiler-iron.
1865Derby Mercury 25 Jan., The principal engineers and *boiler makers in the united kingdom.
1834M. Scott Cruise Midge (1859) 390 The cries of the *Boilermen to the fire makers.
1860W. Fordyce Hist. Coal, &c. 112 Various descriptions of Iron, such as nail-rods, *boiler-plates, hoop and sheet iron. 1875Ure Dict. Arts I. 410 The average resistance of boiler plates is reckoned at 20 tons to the square inch. 1893Congress. Rec. Aug. 465/1 The country weeklies have been sent tons of ‘boiler plates’ accompanied by..letters asking the editors to use the matter as news. 1905D. G. Phillips Plum Tree 190 He attended to the subsidizing of news agencies that supplied thousands of country papers with boiler-plate matter to fill their inside pages. 1924J. Buchan Three Hostages xi. 165 Left me to finish my ascent by way of some very loose screes and unpleasant boiler-plates. 1957R. G. Collomb Dict. Mountaineering 32 Boiler Plates, Overlapping, undercut slabs of rock; convex slabs are usual. 1965‘E. McBain’ Doll (1966) viii. 113 The rest of the will was boilerplate. Meyer scanned it quickly. 1969Word Study Apr. 3/2 Other examples of standard slang are debugging and boiler-plate (used in regard to formula-type language standard for all reports).
1928Sunday Express 28 Oct. 3/7 The students had thoughtfully attired themselves in *boiler suits. 1949F. Maclean Eastern Approaches iii. ix. 412 The Prime Minister..was wearing a bright blue boiler-suit.
▸ slang (usu. derogatory). orig. Brit. (now also Austral.). An unattractive or unfeminine woman, esp. one who is middle-aged or elderly. Freq. in old boiler.
1962Observer 24 June 26/4 A good old boiler in a brown mac with a random assortment of nasturtiums secured to her head. 1976A. Nickolds & S. Hey ‘Foul’ Bk. Football i. 15/1 He is even now truant from training prior to banging bevies of bitpart boilers in t'Smoke! 1987K. Lette Girls' Night Out (1989) 34, I mean, I don't look too bad do I? I'm not an old boiler yet. 1998E. Brimson Hooligan vi. 19 Clive had fallen in love with some sort from Essex and spoke of nothing else. What he didn't realise was that the rest of the lads thought she was a right boiler.
▸ boilermaker n. N. Amer. a shot of whisky followed immediately by (or occas. combined with) a glass of beer.
1940K. Kent in Thrilling Wonder Stories Sept. 36/1 ‘Make it a boilermaker, Doc,’ he instructed the inn-keeper, who merely gaped. Pete had to explain what a boilermaker was. 1957J. Kerouac Let. 8 Nov. in Sel. Lett. 1957–69 (1999) 80, I dragged Gilbert out to a Bowery bar for boilermakers. 2002S. Turow Reversible Errors (2003) 306 He ordered a boilermaker, but quaffed the beer first.
▪ II. boiler, v. trans.|ˈbɔɪlə(r)|
To furnish (a steamship) with its boiler or boilers. So ˈboilering vbl. n.
1890Whitby Times 3 Jan. 4/4 The steamers built and launched at this port have to go elsewhere to be engined and boilered. 1897United Service Mag. June 226 The special conditions which..govern the boilering of warships. |