| 释义 |
▪ I. bole1|bəʊl|
Also 7 boal(e, 7–8 boll.
[a. ON. bol-r masc., also written bulr, trunk of a tree; cf. MHG. bole (fem.), mod.G. bohle plank.]
The stem or trunk of a tree.
c1314Guy Warw. (1840) 260 His nek is greter than a bole. c1325E.E. Allit. P. B. 622 By bole of þis brode tre we byde þe here. 1521Fisher Wks. (1876) 315 The shadowe of the bole of the tree. 1641Evelyn Mem. (1857) I. 32 Five upright and exceeding tall suckers, or bolls. 1677Plot Oxfordsh. 158 Whose boughs shoot from the boal fifteen or sixteen yards. 1727Bradley Fam. Dict. s.v. Dressing, Boughs and Suckers, which have made themselves and the Boll knotty. 1848Lytton Harold I. 306 Gnarled boles of pollard oaks and beeches. 1870Bryant Iliad iv. I. 129 A fair, smooth bole, with boughs Only on high.
b. transf. Anything of a cylindrical shape like the trunk of a tree, as a roll, a pillar.
1676True Gentleman's Delight (N.) Make it up in little long boles or rowles. 1884Pall Mall G. 11 Jan. 1/2 The sky..seen between the boles of stone.
c. Comb., as † bole-fashion adv., bole-like adj.
1578Lyte Dodoens iv. 1. 508 Another Holy, whose roote is not bolefashion. 1854H. Miller Sch. & Schm. (1858) 313 The bole-like stems of great plants.
▪ II. bole2|bəʊl|
Also 4 bol, 5–6 boole.
[ad. med.L. bōlus, a. Gr. βῶλος clod of earth; first used in Eng. in bole armeniac or armoniac: thence extended to similar substances.]
1. The name of several kinds of fine, compact, earthy, or unctuous clay, usually of a yellow, red, or brown colour due to the presence of iron oxide.
1641French Distill. iii. (1651) 78 Such things as will flow must have bole, or powder of brick mixed with them. 1645Evelyn Mem. (1857) I. 143 A..paper of a red astringent powder, I suppose of bole. 1686Phil. Trans. XVI. 144 It may perhaps be better reckon'd amongst Boles than Stones. 1759B. Martin Nat. Hist. Eng. I. 73 A red Bole, called by the Country People Redding, or Ruddle. 1843Portlock Geol. 152 A soft clayey amygdaloid, decomposing into a rich and deep red bole. 1868Dana Min. 476.
b. spec. bole armeniac, formerly also armoniak, etc.: an astringent earth brought from Armenia, and formerly used as an antidote and styptic.
c1386Chaucer Can. Yeom. Prol. & T. 238 Bol armoniak [armonyak, -ac, amoniak] verdegres, boras. 1547Boorde Brev. Health liii. 24 Take of Terre sigillate, of boole Armoniake, of eche an unce. 1558Warde Alexis' Secr. (1568) 40 b, Take..Bolearmenicke. 1591Percivall Sp. Dict., Bolarmenico, Bolearminack. 1607Topsell Four-f. Beasts 34 Plaister is made thereof with Bole-Armorick. 1610Markham Masterp. ii. cxxxii. 435 Take of bolearmony a quarterne. 1626Bacon Sylva §701 Bole-Arminick is the most Cold of them. 1718Quincy Compl. Disp. 107 Bole Armonick..is a natural Earth. 1758J. S. Le Dran's Observ. Surg. (1771) 94 A Defensitive composed of Bole Armenia. 1799G. Smith Laborat. II. 401 Take..bole armenic, parched barley, etc. 1832Fraser's Mag. VI. 714 The best toothpowder in the world is Armenian bole.
†2. A large pill, a bolus; also fig. Obs.
1601Holland Pliny II. 141 Thirty grains of Lentils swallowed down by way of Bole. 1649Jer. Taylor Gt. Exemp. iii. xvi. 57 Ignorant..persons, who swallow down the bole and the box that carries it. 1725Bradley Fam. Dict. II. s.v. Water Germander, The plant..may..be prescribed in Boles as well as in infusion.
▪ III. bole3 Sc.|bəʊl|
Also boal.
[Origin unknown.]
a. A small square recess in the wall of a room for holding articles.
b. An unglazed aperture in the wall of a castle, cottage, stable, etc., for admitting air or light; sometimes closed with a shutter.
1728Ramsey Wks. (1848) III. 167 Bring from yon boal a roasted hen. 1816Scott Antiq. xxxii, Open the bole wi' speed, that I may see if this be the right Lord Geraldin. c1817Hogg Tales & Sk. VI. 97 We have been benighted, and have been drawn hither by the light in your bole. 1834H. Miller Scenes & Leg. xxv. 365 The gold, which you will find in the little bole under the tapestry of my room. 1875J. Veitch Tweed 92 A narrow bole High near the top.
▪ IV. bole4
(See quot.)
1670Pettus Fodinæ Reg. Gloss. s.v., Boles or Bolestids are places, where in ancient time (before Smelting Mills were invented) the Miners did fine their lead. 1785Archæologia VII. 170 (D.) There was a bole..where in ancient times..miners used to smelt their lead ores.
▪ V. bole
obs. form of boll, bowl, bull. |