| 释义 |
▪ I. boll, n.1|bəʊl|
Forms: 1 bolla, 2–6 bolle, (6–7 bowle, 7 bol, bole), 7– boll.
[A variant of bowl n.1:—OE. bolla = MDu. bolle, Du. bol, ON. bolli wk. masc., cognate with OHG. bolla, MHG. bolle wk. fem. ‘bud, globular vessel’; see bowl. Sense 2 may also be compared with L. bulla, It. bolla, F. boule, bulle bubble.]
†1. Earlier spelling of bowl n.1, q.v.
†2. A vesicle or bubble. Obs.
a1300Fragm. Pop. Science (Wr.) 331 As ic seide ȝou er of þreo bollen, if ȝe understode; In þe nyþemeste bolle þer þe lyvre doþ out springe. 1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xix. cxxviii. (1495) 935 The bolle that ryseth on the water that boyleth..highte bulla.
3. spec. A rounded seed-vessel or pod, as that of flax or cotton.
a1500Med. MS. Cathedr. Hereford 8 (Halliw.) Take the bolle of the popy while it is grene. 1523Fitzherb. Husb. §146 The bolles of flaxe..made drye with the son to get out the sedes. 1562Turner Herbal ii. (1568) 39 a, These knoppes or heades [of flax] are called in Northumberland bowles. 1601Holland Pliny II. xix. 30 A second kind of poppie called black, out of the heads or bols whereof a white juice or liquor issueth. 1660Sharrock Vegetables 22 They thresh it [flax] not out of the boles till March. 1865Livingstone Zambesi x. 214 They cultivate cotton..the staple being long and the boll larger than what is usually met with.
†4. A round knob on any utensil, piece of furniture, or the like. Obs.
a1600Turke & G. 220 in Furniv. Percy Folio I. 98 Gawaines boy to it did leape, & gatt itt by the bowles great. 1660Howell Dict. xii, The Bolls, i pomi, les pommes.
†5. The Adam's apple: see throat-boll. Obs.
6. Comb., as † boll-roaking (see quot.); † boll-weed, the Greater Knapweed (Centaurea Scabiosa); boll-weevil (in full cotton-boll weevil), a weevil (Anthonomus grandis) destructive to the cotton-plant; also fig.; boll-worm, an insect which destroys the cotton boll or pod.
1641Best Farm. Bks. (1856) 59 That [straw] which is layd in the filling overnight to save the stack from wettinge is called boll-roakinge of a stacke.
1895Insect Life Mar. 295 Report on the Mexican Cotton-Boll Weevil in Texas..by C. H. Tyler Townsend..[dated] December 20, 1894. 1903Westm. Gaz. 26 Nov. 12/1 The boll weevil..has caused America a loss of {pstlg}14,000,000. 1906Ibid. 19 Dec. 1/3 The Mexican cotton boll-weevil. 1906Springfield Weekly Republ. 19 July 16 The ‘boll-weevil democrats’ is the term of opprobrium which a southern paper applies to democrats who favour Hearst. 1928Manch. Guardian Weekly 31 Aug. 180/1 Reports of boll weevil damage and crop deterioration. 1950A. Lomax Mr. Jelly Roll (1952) 113 The longshoremen had two parades—one for the union men and one for the boll weevils, the scabs.
1848Rep. Secretary U.S. Dept. Agric. 1847 171 The destruction caused by the boll worm. 1888Congress. Rec. 12 May 4070 Then comes the ‘army worm’, and then the ‘boll-worm’.
▪ II. boll, n.2|bəʊl|
Forms: 4–5 bolle, 5– boll, (6 boull, 6–7 boule, 7 bole), also Sc. 6– bow.
[app. distinct from the preceding, being pronounced (bʌʊ) in modern Scotch, and vernacularly written bow, bowe, since 16th c., while bowl is pronounced |bol|. As it is entirely a northern word, it may possibly be a. ON. bolli, Da. bolle, the Scandinavian equivalent of OE. bolla bowl.]
A measure of capacity for grain, etc., used in Scotland and the north of England, containing in Scotland generally 6 imperial bushels, but in the north of England varying locally from the ‘old boll’ of 6 bushels to the ‘new boll’ of 2 bushels. Also a measure of weight, containing for flour 10 stone (= 140 pounds). (A very full table of its local values is given in Old Country and Farming Words (E. Dial. Soc. 1880 p. 168).
c1375Barbour Bruce iii. 211 Off Ryngis..He send thre bollis to Cartage. 1536Bellenden Cron. Scot. ii. 298 He delt, ilk owlk, iv bowis of quheit. 1570Wills & Inv. N.C. (1835) I. 344 Sex bolls aitis and sex bollis beir. 1590Ibid. (1860) II. 248, Xxij boules of otes there 44s. iij boulls of big there 10s. 1609Skene Reg. Maj. 57 The boll..salbe in the deipnes nine inches..And in the Roundnes aboue, it sall contein thrie score and twelue inches. 1630J. Taylor (Water P.) Penniless Pilgr. Wks. i. 130/2 Euery Bole containes the measure of foure English bushels. 1651Proc. Parliament No. 88. 1353 And [the Scots Forces] seized 20000 Boules of Corne at Leith. 1691Ray N.C. Wds., Boll of salt, i.e. two bushels. 1725Ramsay Gent. Sheph. ii. i. (1844) 18 Yestreen I brew'd a bow o' maut. 1799J. Robertson Agric. Perth 291 In Strathearn it [shell marle] is sold from eight to ten pence the boll, being eight cubical feet. 1820Scott Abbot xxvi, You are owing to the Laird four stones of barleymeal and a bow of oats. 1851Coal-tr. Terms Northumbld. & Durh. 8 The coal boll contains 9676·8 cubic inches, or 34·899 imperial gallons. 1875Ure Dict. Arts III. 1126 In Northumberland (Alnwick, Morpeth, and Hexham markets) [wheat is sold] per new boll of 16 gallons; in Bedford and Wooller markets by the old boll of 48 gallons. 1883Times 9 Mar., Out of 65 towns selling by measure, only 35 used the Imperial quarter, the others selling by coombs, sacks, loads, bolls, etc.
▪ III. boll, n.3 dial.
[Editors of Lancashire Glossary suggest connexion with bogle.]
An apparition; a bogle, an object of fear. See bolly.
1847–78in Halliwell. 1875in Lanc. Gloss. (E.D.S.) 46.
▪ IV. † boll, v.1 Obs.
Also 5 bolle.
[ME. boll-en 14th c., found beside the earlier bolnen, of which it is prob. a phonetic modification (as in mill = miln).]
1. intr. To swell.
c1340Cursor M. 6011 (Trin.) Bile & blister bollynge [3 earlier MSS. bolnande] sore. 1362Langl. P. Pl. A. v. 67 His Bodi was Bolled [other MSS. bolnid]. 1387Trevisa Higden (1865) I. 298 Bocches vnder þe chyn i-swolle and i-bolled. 1547Boorde Brev. Health xxxviii. 19 b, The belly wyl boll and swel.
fig.1388Wyclif 1 Cor. v. 2 Ȝe ben bolnyd [v.r. bollid] with pride. 1480Caxton Chron. Eng. ccxxi. 211 Anone for wrath his hert gan bolle.
b. fig. To increase.
1580Sidney Arcadia 158 Euen while the doubtes most bolled, shee thus nourished them.
▪ V. † boll, v.2 Obs.
Also 6 bole, bowle.
[f. boll, bowl n.]
To quaff the bowl; to booze.
1535Coverdale Mich. ii. 11 They might syt bebbinge and bollynge. 1567Harman Caveat 32 They bowle and bowse one to another. 1577Kendall Flowers of Epigr. (N.) Gull, bib, and bole..Eche can in Germany. 1586J. Hooker Girald. Irel. II. 95/1 Parese caused such as kept the ward, to swill and boll.
▪ VI. † boll, v.3 Obs.
[f. boll n.1 (sense 3).]
To be or begin to be in boll. Cf. bolled ppl. a.2
1601Holland Pliny xix. vi. (R.) Garlic indeed should not be suffered to boll and run up to seed.
▪ VII. boll
obs. Sc. spelling of bow n.1 |