| 释义 |
▪ I. punt, n.1|pʌnt|
[OE. punt (in 10–11th c. glossaries), ad. L. ponto a kind of Gallic transport (Caes. B.C. iii. 29), also a floating bridge, a pontoon (Gellius a 175, Ausonius, Digest); in later sense referred to L. pons, pontem bridge. Cf. also MDu. ponte, Du. pont fem., ‘ferry-boat, pontoon’, MLG. punte, punto, LG. pünte, pünto ferry-boat, mud-boat, repr. the same L. word.
OE. punt was, from its vocalization, prob. an ancient word, representing a survival of the Latin word in Britain; but it may have been only in local use, in which also it seems to have continued during the ME. period, though no example has yet been noted. But punt-boat is found in the Maldon (Essex) Records of date 1500 as a current word, and it is noteworthy that the literary use begins with Phil. Holland, a native of that county, who in his translations uses it, evidently as a familiar term, to render various L. words, e.g. linter, navis, ratis, alveus, arbor cavata.]
1. a. A flat-bottomed shallow boat, broad and square at both ends; formerly used widely as a name for a raft, dug-out, river ferry-boat, float, lighter, etc.; also = pontoon 2; now spec., a boat of this kind propelled by means of a long pole thrust against the bottom of the river, or shallow water (see quot. 1892).
c1000ælfric's Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 166/2 Pontonium, punt. c1050Suppl. ælfric's Voc. ibid. 181/31 Pontonium, flyte. Caudex, punt... Trabaria, anbyme scip. a1100Voc. ibid. 287/33 Pontonium, flyte. Trabaria, i. caudex, punt, i. pontonium.
1500,1552pontebots, etc. [see 3]. 1568Withals Dict. 10 a/2 Lintres sunt nauiculæ fluuiales, ex arbore cauata factæ, as puntes or troughes be. 1600Holland Livy xxvi. ix. 589 Much ado he [Fulvius] had, for the great scarcitie of timber & wood, to make punts [rates] and boats for to set over his armie. 1603― Plutarch's Mor. 1294 She searched for them in a bote or punt made of papyr reed [ἐν βαριδι παπυρίνη]. 1615J. R. Trade's Incr. in Harl. Misc. (Malh.) III. 308 Fishing, which now we use in crayers and punts. 1630R. Johnson's Kingd. & Commw. 40 The Emperour (who yet had never greater vessell than a Punt or Yaugh upon the Danuby). 1725De Foe Voy. round World (1840) 322 One large float with sides to it, like a punt or ferry-boat. 1769Falconer Dict. Marine (1789) F iv b, Punts are a sort of oblong flat-bottomed boats..used by shipwrights and caulkers. 1789Portlock Voy. xi. 228 The carpenter, assisted by the cooper and three other hands, began to build a punt of twelve feet long, six feet wide, and about three feet deep. 1800Colquhoun Comm. Thames i. 14 Lighters, Barges, and Punts employed in the trade of the river Thames. 1817J. Evans Excurs. Windsor, etc. 156 Procuring a boat, usually called a punt, and fixing it at some little distance from the shore, they fling their lines and quietly seize the finny prey. 1861Musgrave By-roads 28 The ships, so called, of Philippe de Valois' fleet were little else than punts of very great length, carrying one mast and a sail, but about fifteen hundred men. 1865Kingsley Herew. xxi, A man cutting sedges in a punt in the lode. 1875Helps Soc. Press. xx. 289 It was a fine day, and we resolved to go out in a punt. 1892Row. Alm. 206 (Rules for Punting, Thames Punting Club) A punt is a flat-bottomed craft without stem, keel, or stern-post, and the width at each end must be at least one-half of the width at the widest part.
b. [f. punt v.2] A push with a punt-pole.
1897Geogr. Jrnl. IX. 12 Only practice enables one..to guide the raft by means of timely punts at the surrounding rocks with the pole with which one is armed.
†2. An ingot, shaped with two square ends like a punt. Obs.
1895Daily News 28 Sept. 2/1 ‘Punts’ [of silver]..weighing upwards of 4629 ounces, and of the value of about {pstlg}700.
3. attrib. and Comb.: as punt-boat, punt-builder; punt-fisher, one who fishes from a punt; so punt-fishing; punt-gun, a gun used for shooting water-fowl from a punt; so punt-gunner, punt-gunning; punt-pole, the long pole used in propelling a punt; punt-shooter, -shooting = punt-gunner, -gunning; punt-stick (U.S.) = punt-pole; punt-well, a well in a fishing-punt in which to deposit fish.
1500Maldon Crt.-rolls (Bundle 59, No. 3), De Roberto Jacobbe pro custum. 11 *pontebots et pro bigis xii d. 1552(Dec. 4) Admir. Court, Libels, Bundle 21, No. 64 (Valuation at Lowestoft) Finding there ffowr punte boots and a cocke bote..did..vallew the sayed puncte boote[s] and cocke bote at twelve pounds tenn shillings.
1849J. Forbes Phys. Holiday. i. (1850) 3 He sins..worse than the *punt⁓fisher.
1816P. Hawker Instr. Sportsmen (1824) 354 The barrel of a *punt-gun..should..be about seventy or eighty pounds weight. 1886Walsingham & Gallwey Shooting (Badminton) II. 276 Double-barrelled Punt Gun; Bore 1½ in.; weight, 200 lbs.; length 9 ft. 6 in. 1892C. R. B. Barrett Essex 29 The punt-gun was hoisted out from the little cabin. 1958L. Durrell Mountolive xvi. 302 Time for the..tuning in of the long punt-guns. 1972Shooting Times & Country Mag. 4 Mar. 21/2 A pair of fine Welney Wash punt guns.
1840D. P. Blaine Encycl. Rur. Sports §2754 Colonel Hawker was the first *punt gunner in Great Britain. 1956C. Willock Death at Flight xv. 202 ‘Wire cartridges,’ he said. ‘Punt-gunners use these to get greater range.’ 1971Country Life 28 Oct. 1129/2 Famous alike as punt-gunner, eel-fisher, mole-catcher and skater.
1899Westm. Gaz. 15 Dec. 2/2 A man needs to be uncommonly strong and hardy to pursue *punt-gunning without endangering his health.
1859H. Kingsley G. Hamlyn xx. (1894) 165 Unable to reach the bottom with the spear she had used as a *punt-pole in the shallower water.
1897Daily News 30 Aug. 5/1 *Punt sailing is becoming quite a popular pastime on the Upper Thames, so much so that a Thames Punt Sailing Club has been started.
1900Pall Mall G. 25 Jan. 8/3 These *punt-shooters are not as a rule naturalists... Their object is to kill wild fowl for the market.
1816P. Hawker Instr. Sportsmen (1824) 367 Those, who fancy *punt-shooting such a dangerous amusement. 1840D. P. Blaine Encycl. Rur. Sports §2754 (heading) Hampshire Coast Punt Shooting.
1905W. E. Geil Yankee in Pigmy Land xiii. 194 The crossing of the swift Semleki in native dugouts propelled by *punt sticks.
1901Pall Mall G. 7 May 10/1 Anglers attribute the absence of trout in their baskets and *punt-wells to the cold winds.
▪ II. punt, n.2|pʌnt|
[ad. F. ponte (in both senses), 1718 in Dict. Acad., or Sp. punto point.
The connexion of the two senses is obscure and disputed. Littré treats them as the same word, and refers both to Sp. punto. But Hatz.-Darm. treats the two senses as distinct words, taking ponte ‘point’ as ad. Sp. punto, but ponte ‘the player against the bank’ as a deriv. of ponter, punt v.1, app. unconnected with punto, and of unknown origin. English writers have in general identified them.]
1. = punter1 1.
1704D'Urfey Hell beyond Hell 94 Th' Assembly meets, and on the board, Scatters, like Jove, the dazling hoard; Salutes the Punts with Bows and Dops. [1794Sporting Mag. IV. 44 Each ponte is furnished with a livret or book, containing a suit of thirteen cards.] 1850[see sense 2].
2. In the game of faro: A point.
1850Bohn's Handbk. Games 338 Terms used at Faro. Ponte or Punt, a Point. The punter or player.
▪ III. punt, n.3
[Goes with punt v.3]
An act of punting.
1. Rugby Football. A kick given to the ball dropped from the hands, before it reaches the ground. (Cf. drop-kick, place-kick.) Also in other varieties of football.
1845Rules Footb. Rugby School §7 Kick out must not be from more than..twenty-five yards [out of goal] if a punt, drop, or knock on. 1857Hughes Tom Brown i. v. 109 The mysteries of ‘off your side’, ‘drop kicks’, ‘punts’, ‘places’, and the other intricacies of the great science of foot-ball. 1876World (N.Y.) 19 Nov. 3/4 Princeton..now played all together on the ball, the captain himself being instrumental, with a good punt, in securing the second goal. 1881Laws Rugby Union §28 A Fair Catch is a catch made direct from a kick or a throw forward, or a knock on by one of the opposite side, or from a punt out or a punt on. 1887H. Hall Tribune Bk. Open-Air Sports 125 A goal may be won..by kicking the ball..over the cross-bar of the goal of the defence, except by a ‘punt’. 1921[see fly-kick s.v. fly n.2 8]. 1941Daily Progress (Charlottesville, Va.) 14 Jan. 11 A player can elect to run back a punt from scrimmage if the ball is caught in the end zone. 1965Sun-Herald (Sydney) 4 July 51 Denis Aitken won the long-distance kicking competition with a punt of 661/4 yards. 1975Times 25 Aug. 9/8 A massive punt downfield from [goalkeeper] Parkes. 1979Arizona Daily Star 5 Aug. 9/1 The Packers overtook the Chiefs with 12:57 remaining in the third quarter after Kansas City's Jimmy Edwards fumbled a Green Bay punt.
2. transf. An upward jerk. rare.
1897Kipling Capt. Cour. iv. 85 A grunt and squeal of the windlass; a yaw, a punt, and a kick, and the We're Here gathered herself together to repeat the motions.
3. attrib. and Comb. in sense 1, as punt return, punt returner; punt kick = sense 1; hence punt-kick v. intr.
1876Sun (N.Y.) 20 Nov. 3/1 A Harvard man redelivers the ball by a fine ‘*punt’ kick. 1960E. S. & W. J. Higham High Speed Rugby ii. 27 Be sure you can punt-kick with either foot accurately. 1965Advertiser (Adelaide) 17 July 25 Sturt back pocket player Brenton Adcock follows through with a long punt kick at training.
1961J. S. Salak Dict. Amer. Sports 345 *Punt return (football), a planned maneuver for running back a punted ball. 1967Boston Sunday Herald 14 May ii. 5/5 A kickoff and punt-return man.
1970Globe & Mail (Toronto) 25 Sept. 31/7 A second injury to *punt returner Bryan De-Marchi.
▪ IV. punt, n.4 Glass-making.
= punty 1, pontil.
1832G. R. Porter Porcelain & Gl. 171 At this stage another implement, called a punt or pontil is brought into use. This is a solid iron rod of a cylindrical form smaller and lighter than the tube used for blowing.
▪ V. punt, n.5
[cf. punty 2.]
The hollow at the bottom of a wine-bottle: = kick n.2 1.
1863T. G. Shaw Wine, Vine, & Cellar xxiii. 363 To label each bottle..in large letters..on a piece of paper..gummed into the punt or hollow part of the bottom of the bottle.
▪ VI. punt, n.6
[f. punt v.1 (perh. infl. by punt n.3).]
A bet, a gamble. Phr. to take a punt (Austral.), to take a chance or risk.
1965J. O'Grady Aussie English 71 To ‘take a punt at’ anything is the equivalent of to ‘have a go’. 1969Sydney Morning Herald 7 June 25/9 Melbourne.. selectors have ‘taken a punt’ in naming 20-year-old Russell Collingwood as centre half-forward. 1976Daily Tel. 27 Mar. 2/3 People will still have a punt on Wimbledon. 1978O. White Silent Reach xxiv. 253 Blackness and silence. So take a punt... He..eased the pencil torch out of his bag. 1979Ibid. 29 Jan. 17/8 As a punt, or straightforward gamble with money that can be written off without hardship, there is some appeal in Carr Boyd Minerals.
▪ VII. punt, n.7|pʊnt|
Also Punt.
[Ir. = ‘pound’.]
The Irish monetary unit, until 1979 equivalent to {pstlg}1 sterling. Also Comb.
1975Irish Times 24 May 13/2 Do we devalue below sterling? Or do we stabilise our punt? Or maybe even attempt to revalue it upwards? 1978Observer 17 Dec. 2/2 The Irish Government's decision to join the European Monetary System and break the link between Ireland's pound (now the punt) and Sterling came at the end of 10 days of hectic negotiations. 1979Ibid. 8 Apr. 4/6 An advertisement in last Friday's Derry Journal..told readers: ‘Punt holders are welcome in the North.’.. But when I was there last week the small shops in the..Bogside were taking three pence off the Punt, as the Irish pound is called, when one went to buy a packet of cigarettes.
▪ VIII. punt, v.1|pʌnt|
[ad. F. ponter, in same sense (in Dict. Acad. 1718); according to Hatz.-Darm., of unknown origin. Cf. punt n.2]
a. intr. At certain card-games, as basset, faro, and baccarat: To lay a stake against the bank.
1706[implied in punter1]. 1712Addison Spect. No. 323 ⁋12 From Eleven at Night to Eight in the Morning Dream'd that I punted to Mr. Froth. 1715Lady M. W. Montagu Basset-table 68 Wretch that I was! how often have I swore, When Winnall tallied, I would punt no more. 1738–9Act 12 Geo. II, c. 28 §3 Every person..who shall..play, set at, stake, or punt at..ace of hearts, pharaoh, basset, and hazard. 1855Thackeray Newcomes I. 360 Punting for half crowns at a neighbouring hall. 1881Besant & Rice Chapl. of Fleet ii. xi, I shall punt low, and never lose more than a guinea a night.
b. slang and colloq. To bet upon a horse, etc.
1873[implied in punter1 2]. 1887Pall Mall G. 13 Sept. 2/1 Resolving to punt, I selected a horse which was given as the favourite. 1898Referee 4 Sept. 11/4 (Farmer) While Paul is punting with the outside book-makers.
c. to punt around, in police slang: to patrol. Also as n. in phr. to have a punt around.
1970P. Laurie Scotland Yard 293 Punt around, to, to patrol. 1974G. F. Newman Price ii. 58 Thought I'd have a punt around, see who's about. 1977P. Moyes To kill a Coconut vii. 99 To ‘punt around’ is to patrol.
Hence ˈpunting vbl. n.1; spec. in Football Pools.
1797Sporting Mag. IX. 332 The information charged her with unlawfully playing, staking and punting at the game of Faro. 1855Thackeray Newcomes x, What must have been the venerable Queen Charlotte's mind when she heard..of his punting at gaming-tables? 1951Sport 16–22 Mar. 22/2 My advice is to make sure that the system or method of punting you adopt is a good one.
▪ IX. punt, v.2
[f. punt n.1]
1. trans. To propel (a punt or other boat) by thrusting a pole against the bottom of the river, etc.; to propel or shove off, in the manner of a punt. Formerly called poling: see pole v.1 6.
1816Sir H. Douglas Milit. Bridges 45 The pontoons are rowed or punted to their respective stations. 1863Dicey Federal St. II. 116 She [sc. a raft] got aground, and had to be punted off with poles. 1885Athenæum 16 May 637/1 A young lady standing in a boat, which she punts from bank to bank.
b. intr. or absol. To propel a punt, or any boat in the manner of a punt; = pole v.1 6 b.
1846Landor Exam. Shaks. Wks. II. 274 Will Shakespeare and another were sitting in the middle, the third punted. 1847P. Hawker Diary (1893) II. 275, I..punted up to a single goose..and killed him. 1865Livingstone Zambesi iv. 100 Others are punting over the small intersecting streams.
2. trans. To convey in a punt, or by punting.
1853‘C. Bede’ Verdant Green i. ix, They had just been punted over the river. 1863W. C. Baldwin Afr. Hunting viii. 334 Two Makubas punted me several miles up the river.
Hence ˈpunting vbl. n.2; also attrib.
1865Livingstone Zambesi xxi. 418 They preferred punting to paddling. 1870Daily News 10 Oct., 50 years ago, when it was not the fashion to regard..the Nile as a punting and canoeing stream. 1875Helps Soc. Press. xx. 290 The punter, very nearly got upset, holding on stoutly to his punting-pole when it stuck in the mud. 1888Rowing Almanack 189 Rules and Regulations for Punting, by the Thames Punting Club.
▪ X. punt, v.3
[Goes with punt n.3 History obscure: prob. in origin a dialect word.
In Northamptonsh., punt appears as a variant or modification of bunt, a word widely used in midland and southern dialects, from Cheshire to Kent, and Devon to E. Anglia, in the sense ‘to push, butt, strike with the head, horns, or feet, to bump, raise, lift up’. Miss Baker's Gloss. Northamptonsh. Words, 1854, has bunt ‘to kick or strike with the feet’, punt ‘to push with force, to raise by a push; to push with the head as a calf does a cow’. These words appear to be nasalized variations of butt and put (in its original sense), prob. of onomatopœic origin or modification.]
1. Rugby Football.
a. trans. To kick (the ball), after dropping it from the hands, before it reaches the ground. Also absol. and in other varieties of football.
1845Rules Footb. Rugby School §5 Try at goal... The ball when punted must be within, when caught without, the line of goal. 1885Daily News 19 Feb. 2/8 Bowen secured [the ball] and punted it into touch in the home twenty-five. 1889Pauline VIII. 36 From the scrummage..Houseman obtained the ball and..passed to Turner, who punted into touch. 1905[see drop v. 24 b]. 1961Dallas Morning News 10 Oct. ii. 1 He..punted once for 39 yards and caught one pass for 13 yards. 1967Sun-Herald (Sydney) 16 Apr. 67 Ryan coolly punted the ball straight through the middle and Geelong had won by a point. 1972G. Green Great Moments in Sport: Soccer xiii. 123 Gregg immediately punted the ball far down-field, well over the half-way line. 1974Plain Dealer (Cleveland, Ohio) 26 Oct. 4-d/6 On their next offensive series, the Falcons were forced to punt.
b. To get (a goal) by punting: see punted ppl. a.2
2. To strike, hit, knock. rare.
1886Contemp. Rev. Jan. 52 To see a stout Flamand of fifty or thereabouts solemnly punting, by the aid of a small tambourine, a minute india-rubber ball, to another burgher of similar aspect, which is the favourite way in which all ages and sexes take exercise on the digue. 1899Kipling Stalky 174 M‘Turk's knee in the small of his back cannoned him into Stalky, who punted him back.
Hence ˈpunting vbl. n.3
1893Daily News 14 Dec. 2/6 Cambridge..got further towards the Oxford line by the aid of Neilson's punting. 1895Outing (U.S.) XXVII. 250/1 This ‘punting into touch’ is a very favorite means of gaining ground. 1910W. Camp Bk. of Foot-Ball viii. 313 In punting, the ball is kicked with the instep and not with the toe. 1974Liverpool Echo (Football ed.) 31 Aug. 3/3 His timing and immaculate positioning, together with his straight-backed, stiff-legged punting are..faithfully reproduced by Alec. 1979Tucson (Arizona) Citizen 20 Sept. 11d/8 UA's Barry Kramer is second in punting with a 42·3 average. |