| 释义 |
▪ I. botch, n.1|bɒtʃ|
Forms: 4 (bouch(e), boch, 4–5 bocche, 5–7 boche, 5 bohche, booche, (6 Sc. boiche), 4–6 botche, 6– botch.
[ME. boche, bocche, a. ONFr. boche (mod.Picard boche, Norm. bosche) = OF. boce (now bosse) ulcer, botch, a common Romanic word (Pr. bossa, It. bozza, of same meaning; It. boccia, Sp. bocha ball):—med.L. bocia, -um: see boss n.1, and cf. bouche n.2]
†1. A hump; a swelling; a tumour, wen, or goître; = boss n.1 1. Obs.
1382Wyclif Isa. xxx. 6 Berende..vp on the bocche [1388 botche] of camailes ther tresores. 1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xv. xxxi, Many men wonen nyȝe þe mounteynes, and þey haue gret bocches..under þe chyn, of ofte use of snowe and water. c1450Nominale in Wr.-Wülcker Voc. 707 Hic gibbus, a boche in bake. 1481Caxton Myrr. ii. xiv. 99 Plente of wymmen that haue botches vnder the chyn. 1519W. Horman Vulg. 30 The bounche or botche [gibbus] is so boystous that it can unneth be bounde vp with a trussar.
†2. A boil, ulcer, or pimple. Also fig. as ‘spiritual botch’. Obs. exc. dial.
1377Langl. P. Pl. B. xx. 83 Byles, and bocches and brennyng agues. 1486Bk. St. Albans C vij, Booches that growe in a hawkes jowe. 1547Boorde Brev. Health vii. 9 In Englishe it [Ulcera] is named byles or botches. 1634Canne Necess. Separ. (1849) 96 This great wickedness, which causeth spiritual botches and sores. 1667Milton P.L. xii. 180 Botches and blaines must all his flesh emboss. 1785Burns Address Deil xviii, While scabs and botches did him gall, Wi' bitter claw. 1875Robinson Whitby Gloss. (E.D.S.) Botches, sore places.
†b. spec. A tumour from which horses suffer, esp. in the groin. Obs.
1579Gosson Sch. Abuse (Arb.) 19 It is the custome of the flye to leaue the sound places of the Horse and suck at the Botch. 1607Topsell Four-f. Beasts 308 A botch..in the hinder parts betwixt the thighs. 1706Phillips, Botch..a Sore in the Groin of a Horse.
3. Boils or sores as a malady; an eruptive disease or plague, as ‘the botch of Egypt’. arch. or Obs.
1388Wyclif Deut. xxviii. 27 The Lorde smyte thee with the botche [1382 byil] of Egipt. 1526Tindale Rev. xvi. 2 There fell a noysom and a sore botche apon the men. 1534Aberdeen Reg. V. 16 (Jam.) Ane seyknes & smyttand plaig callit the boiche. 1570Levins Manip. 177 Botch, pestilentia. 1842Sir H. Taylor Edwin iii. viii, The Lord shall smite him with the botch of Egypt.
▪ II. botch, n.2|bɒtʃ|
[f. botch v.1 (Sometimes indistinguishable from fig. use of the prec.)]
1. A botched place or part, a flaw or blemish resulting from unskilful workmanship.
1605Shakes. Macb. iii. i. 133 To leaue no Rubs nor Botches in the Worke. 1645Milton Tetrach. Wks. 1738 I. 244 Let it stick as a notorious botch of deformity.
2. fig.
a. A clumsy patch; a meaningless or unsuitable word added for the sake of rime or metre.
1693Dennis Impart. Critick iii. 25 Every Epithet is to be look'd upon as a Botch, which does not add to the thought. 1707Swift On Union Wks. 1755 IV. i. 283 By way of botch She piec'd it up again with scotch. 1780Wesley Wks. (1872) XIV. 341 In these Hymns there is no doggerel, no botches. 1861A. Beresford-Hope Eng. Cathedr. 19th C. 220 The difficulties of accommodation are honestly recognized and boldly grappled with, not by botches and makeshifts.
†b. A mark like a clumsy patch, a blotch. Obs.
1715Lond. Gaz. No. 5365/4 The other 4 [Sheep] cropt on the Right Ear, and a black Botch on the Left Hipp.
3. a. A bungled piece of work. So botch-work.
1648Herrick Hesper. I. 104 Learne of me what woman is, Something made of thred and thrumme; A mere botch of all and some. 1845Ld. Campbell Chancellors (1857) III. lvi. 130 When the writer tries to be light and airy, we have such a botch as might have been expected. 1870Hawthorne Eng. Note-bks. (1879) I. 187, I have made a miserable botch of this description. 1876Hamerton Intell. Life ii. ii. 406 Vastness of the interval, that separates botch-work from handicraft.
b. fig.
1864E. A. Murray E. Norman I. 159 The men were not to be trusted, most of them being convicts, or ‘botches’ of one kind or other.
4. a. = botcher n.1 dial.
1855Whitby Gloss., A Botch, a cobbler.
b. = botcher1 3. dial. and colloq.
1829J. Kenney Illust. Stranger ii. i. 24 Some botch of an embalmer, who had not done justice to Your princely remains. 1868J. C. Atkinson Gloss. Cleveland Dial. 59 He's nobbut an aud botch. He's mair lahk t'mar an t'mend.
▪ III. botch, v.1|bɒtʃ|
Also 4 bocchyn, 5–6 botche.
[ME. bocche-n, of uncertain etymology: having apparently no original relation to botch n.1, though the words may have subsequently influenced each other. Prof. Skeat suggests for the vb. a LG. origin, comparing MDu. butsen, (1) to strike, beat, (2) to repair (Oudemans), app. related to Du. botsen to knock, dash, Ger. dial. butschen, butzen to strike, knock; according to Franck an onomatopœic word of echoic origin. But the sense ‘repair’ in Du. butsen seems to be recent, while in English it appears in Wyclif: also there is no sense ‘knock’ in English, so that connexion with the continental words is very doubtful. Perhaps the Eng. word is an onomatopœia related in its genesis to ‘patch’; cf. Ger. batzen to patch. See bodge.]
1. trans. To make good or repair (a defect, damage, damaged article); to patch, mend. Now only: to repair clumsily or imperfectly. Often with up.
1382Wyclif 2 Chron. xxxiv. 10 That thei enstoren the temple, and eche feble thingus thei bocchyn [1388 reparele alle feble thingis]. 1530Palsgr. 461/1, I botche or patche an olde garment..I have botched my hosen at the heles. 1551Robinson tr. More's Utop. (Arb.) 69 Sicke bodies..to be kept and botched up. a1680Butler Rem. (1759) II. 200 He does not mend his Manners, but botch them with Patches of another Stuff and Colour. 1863Fawcett Pol. Econ. iv. ii. 535 Botching and patching each single tax.
b. absol. To do repairs; to patch clumsily.
1580Tusser Husb. (1878) 166 Cobble and botch, ye that cannot buie new. 1730Swift Dan Jackson's Pict. Wks. 1755 IV. i. 249 At last I'm fairly forc'd to botch for't. 1815Scott Guy M. xxi, I labour and botch..and produce at last a base caricature. 1865[see botching vbl. n.2]
2. To spoil by unskilful work; to bungle.
1530Palsgr. 461/1 To botche or bungyll a garment as he dothe that is nat a perfyte workeman. 1663Pepys Diary 26 Apr., Tom coming, with whom I was angry for his botching my camlott coat. 1850Blackie æschylus I. 293 This chorus seems hopelessly botched..and all attempts to mend it are more or less unsatisfactory. 1858Hawthorne Fr. & It. Jrnls. I. 292 The greatest bungler that ever botched a block of marble.
3. fig. trans. To put or stitch together clumsily or unskilfully; to construct or compose in a bungling manner. Often with up, together.
1561T. Norton Calvin's Inst. iii. v. (1634) 319 Augustines booke of repentance..botched of good and bad by some scraper together. 1678Cudworth Intell. Syst. i. iv. 411 An ill-agreeing Drama, botch'd up of many impertinent Intersertions. 1768Tucker Lt. Nat. II. 124 One or two of Horace's purple rags botched together with coarse seams of abuse.
b. To add as a patch.
1589Pappe w. Hatchet (1844) 39 Botching in such frize iestes vppon fustion earnest. 1656[see botching vbl. n.]
▪ IV. † botch, v.2 ? nonce-wd.
[f. botch n.1]
To mark with botches.
1699Garth Dispens. ii. (1700) 22 Young Hylas, botch'd with Stains to foul to name. |