| 释义 |
▪ I. bounce, n.1|baʊns|
[see bounce v. (The first three senses appear nearly simultaneously, and their order here is purely provisional.)]
1. A heavy and usually noisy blow caused by something big; a sounding knock, thump.
a1529Skelton Ware the Hauke 86 He gave her a bounce Full upon the gorge. 1583Stanyhurst æneis iii. (Arb.) 88 With ramping bounce clapping neer to the seacoast Fierce the waters ruffle. 1629Ford Lover's Mel. i. i. (1839) 2 Blustering Boreas..thumps a thunder bounce. 1761Brit. Mag. II. 506 A noise from the next room, conveyed in distinct bounces against the wainscot. 1824Miss Mitford Village Ser. ii. (1863) 247 His knock at the door was a bounce that threatened to bring the house about our ears.
†2. The loud burst of noise produced by an explosion; the explosion itself. Obs. (See bounce int. in the same sense, occurring 1523.)
[1552Huloet, Bounce, noyse, or thump.] 1595Shakes. John ii. 462 He speakes plaine Cannon fire, and smoake, and bounce. 1702De Foe Reform. Manners Concl. 44 These are the Squibs and Crackers of the Law, Which hiss and make a Bounce, and then withdraw. 1719Halley in Phil. Trans. XXX. 990 The rattling Noise like small-Arms, heard after the great Bounce on the Explosion over Tiverton. 1766Cavendish ibid. LVI. 149 With 7 parts of inflammable to 3 of common air, there was a very gentle bounce or rather puff.
3. a. A leap, a bound. on the bounce: in continual spasmodic movement.
1523Skelton Garl. Laurel 1318 He brought out a rabyll Of coursers and rounsis With lepes and bounsis. 1570Levins Manip. 220 A Bounce, leape, saltus. 1729Atterbury Misc. Wks. V. 131 It will not be so much upon the bounce as formerly. 1809W. Irving Knickerb. iv. x. (1849) 242 The testy little governor..appears with one annoyance and the other to have been kept continually on the bounce. 1884Chr. World 10 July 513/1 In each bounce or throw of the ball.
b. An act of bouncing or ejecting. Also fig. colloq. (orig. U.S.).
1876N.Y. Times 23 June 1/5 Tilden is no stronger than he was, although his friends are already playing the ‘bounce’ game that was so successful at Cincinnati. 1877Bartlett Dict. Amer. (ed. 4) Add., Bounce. To get the grand bounce is to be dismissed from service; particularly from an office under government. 1906E. Dyson Fact'ry 'Ands ix. 119 Pee give him er bounce off ther land. a1910‘O. Henry’ Rolling Stones (1916) 125 ‘Had you ever thought’ I asks,..‘of giving her the bounce yourself?’ 1966‘E. Lathen’ Murder makes Wheels go Round i. 8 At the other companies.. the big boys who went to jail got the bounce.
4. a. (from 2.) A loud or audacious boast; a boastful falsehood; abstr. impudent self-assertion, swagger.
1714Steele Lover (1723) 93 This is supposed to be only a Bounce. 1733Cheyne Eng. Malady iii. iv. (1734) 301 It was a wild Bounce of a Pythagorean, who defy'd any one to, etc. 1824Galt Rothelan II. v. ix. 261 It is, I own, a brave bounce to aspire to the daughter of so proud an earl. 1829De Quincey Murder Wks. IV. 21 The whole story is a bounce of his own. 1866W. G. Ward Ess. (1882) II. 107 Here is bounce and swagger with a vengeance.
b. colloq. A boastful, swaggering fellow.
1812J. H. Vaux Flash Dict., Bounce, a person well or fashionably drest is said to be a rank bounce.
5. A buoyant rhythm. Also attrib. colloq. (orig. U.S.).
1937Amer. Speech XII. 45/1 Bounce, a light medium-fast tempo with a light accent on the first and third beats. 1956G. Chisholm in S. Traill Play that Music iii. 41 Medium Bounce Tempo. 1958B. Ulanov Hist. Jazz in Amer. xxv. 350 Bounce, used by some musicians, especially Duke Ellington, to describe a particularly buoyant beat.
6. Comb. bounce-flash Photogr., reflected flash-light.
1952J. F. W. Frerk All about Flash Photogr. 25 Splash or Bounce Flash. This is a way of using diffused flash light only, by directing the flash against the ceiling. 1953A. Matheson Leica Way 176 For very soft and even illumination..fire the flash at a light wall or ceiling, utilizing the reflected light... This ‘bounce-flash’ illumination needs either a stronger flash bulb or a larger aperture than direct light.
Senses 5, 6 in Dict. become 6, 7. Add: 5. fig. Energy, vitality; spirit, exuberance, verve.
1909P. Webling Virginia Perfect ix. 87, I don't consider that Connie is particularly clever... She hasn't got enough bounce for the theatrical profession. She's too quiet and modest. 1914G. B. Shaw Fanny's First Play 162 Bannal is obviously one of those unemployables of the business class who manage to pick up a living by a sort of courage which gives him cheerfulness, conviviality, and bounce. 1935V. Sheean Personal Hist. ii. 42 The effect given was that of immense energy... He moved with a combination of bounce and drive that brought one automatically to attention. 1948Wall St. Jrnl. 6 Nov. 7/3 The market at almost no time during the day showed any particular ‘bounce’. 1955L. P. Hartley Perfect Woman xii. 118 All the glow and bounce and boyishness had gone out of him and he looked shrunken and peevish. 1985Times Lit. Suppl. 5 Apr. 393/3 The optimistic humanism of Collins..gives a bounce and freshness to these first encounters with such abiding questions in biblical criticism as historicity and canon.
Add:[3.] c. orig. and chiefly U.S. (a) Comm., a sudden increase in a price or rate; (b) Pol., a sudden upward swing in the popularity of a candidate or party.
1975U.S. News & World Rep. 2 June 55 The bounce in consumer prices followed another in the wholesale index that has not yet had time to be fully reflected in retail stores. 1980N.Y. Times 20 Aug. b9/4 Jody Powell, Mr. Carter's press secretary, called the results enthusiastically ‘the post-convention bounce we hoped for.’ 1984Bond Buyer 12 Mar. 16/2 Some bounce in bond prices should be almost a sure thing, but nobody late last week appeared likely to bet on it. 1986Washington Post 26 Nov. a4/1 In the midterm election just passed, it [sc. Social Security] took what has by now become a familiar bounce, as Democratic candidates in state after state bashed their Republican opponents. 1989Money Observer Jan. 5/3 The yen is likely to be the best currency prospect for 1989, but I am also hopeful of a bounce in the dollar. 1992Time 20 Apr. 38/2 It is rare enough for a candidate not to get a bounce in the polls after winning some major primaries; to lose ground is almost unheard of.
▪ II. bounce, n.2|baʊns|
A name of the Dogfish (Scyllium Canicula).
a1709Ray Syn. Pisc. 22. 1861 Couch Brit. Fishes I. 11 Bounce = Nurse Hound.
▪ III. bounce, v.|baʊns|
Forms: 3 bunsen, 4–7 bounse, 6–7 bownce, 6– bounce.
[The origin of bounce v., n.1, int. (adv.) is obscure, and their mutual relations complicated. ME. bunsen agrees in form and meaning with mod.Du. bons a thump, bonzen (LG. bunsen, HG. dial. bumbsen) to beat, thump, thwack; but there is no early record of these words, and perh. they may be related to the Eng. word merely as parallel onomatopœic formations. Early in 16th c. we find the interjectional use of bounce (= LG. and HG. dial. bums!) to imitate the report of a gun or other loud sudden noise, and (a little later) to express sudden or violent movement. About the same time the vb. (previously seldom occurring) became common in its original sense ‘to beat’, but with the notion of noise or vehemence more conspicuous—‘to knock, bang’; it also acquired the senses ‘to make a banging or explosive noise’, and ‘to make a sudden or violent movement of a bounding nature’. The n. is also found in all these senses early in the 16th c. Whether these were natural developments of the original sense, as expressing phenomena which often accompany a knock or thump, or at least are present in the bang of cannon (which had come into use just before these extensions of bounce), or whether there has been influence of any other words is not clear. The development of sense however is to a great extent parallel to that of bang, which has dialectally even the sense of ‘bounce into a room’, etc.]
I. To beat, thump, trounce, knock.
†1. trans. Obs.
a1225Ancr. R. 188 Þer ȝe schulen iseon bunsen ham mit tes deofles bettles. 1387Trevisa Higden Rolls Ser. I. 281 Þis Pypinus gat Charles þat heet Tutidis of tundere, þat is ‘bete and bounse’. 1560Nice Wanton in Hazl. Dodsl. II. 167 Yet Salomon sober correction doth mean, Not to beat and bounce them to make them lame. 1596Spenser F.Q. iii. xi. 27 And wilfully him throwing on the gras Did beat and bounse his head and brest full sore. 1652Benlowes Theoph. x. xxxix. 184 We seem'd to knock at hell, and bounce the firmament. 1682N. O. Boileau's Lutrin iii. 186 I'le trounce and bounce thee for 't i' th' Spiritual Court. 1727Swift Gulliver iii. ii. 184 Bouncing his head against every post. 1801M. Edgeworth Good Fr. Gov. (1831) 122 She has taught me to read without bouncing me about and shaking me.
†2. intr. To knock loudly, esp. at a door. Obs.
1570B. Googe Popish Kingd. iv. 38 On the Thursday Boyes and Girles do runne in euery place, and bounce and beate at euery doore. 1591Lyly Endym. iv. ii. 56 Come my browne bils wee'l roare Bownce loud at taverne dore. 1656Trapp Comm. Matt. v. 20 They shall come knocking and bouncing, with ‘Lord, Lord, open unto us’. 1708Swift Wks. (1841) II. 256 Another bounces as hard as he can knock.
II. To make a loud explosive noise, to talk loudly or bigly.
†3.
a. intr. To make a noise of explosion, to go ‘bang’. Obs.
1552Huloet, Bouncen or cracke, crepo. c1700in Hearne Coll. II. 456 Fir'd the Train, And made it bounce louder and louder. 1719Ramsay Wks. (1848) I. 149 Where cannon bounced and rearing horses pranced.
b. trans. To slam, to bang (a door).
1786Wolcott (P. Pindar) Ep. Boswell Wks 1794 I. 321 What though against thee porters bounce the door.
4. a. intr. To talk big, bluster, hector; to swagger. to bounce out (with): to blurt out ‘roundly’.
c1626Dick of Devon ii. iv. in Bullen O. Pl. II. 38 Are you bouncing? Ile no further. a1659Cleveland Gen. Poems (1677) 137 There he bounceth out with his εὕρηκα. 1758Johnson Idler No. 28 ⁋5 Let him bounce at his customers if he dares. 1765R. Lowth Let. to Warburton 14 He..bounces, blusters, and swaggers, as if he were really sovereign Lord. 1848Thackeray Van. Fair lxv, ‘She's the finest lady I ever met in my life’, bounced out the Major. 1872F. W. Robinson Wrayford's W., Tito's Troubles, You must not let the big boys bounce..over him too much.
b. trans. To proclaim with bounce.
a1652Brome Queen i. iii. 6, I may not hear these wonders bounc'd.
5. trans. To talk big at; to bully. In modern colloq. use, To ‘blow up’, scold roundly.
a1626Fletcher Nt. Walker iv. i, I doe so whirle her to the Counsellors chambers..and bounce her for more money. 1812J. H. Vaux Flash Dict., To bounce a person out of any thing, is to use threatening or high words, in order to intimidate him, and attain the object you are intent upon. 1883Manch. Exam. 30 Nov. 5/2 French statesmen persuaded themselves..that they could ‘bounce’ their opponents out of a slice of territory in Tonquin. Mod. colloq. The clerk was well bounced for his carelessness.
III. intr. To move with a sudden bound.
6. a. To bound like a ball; to throw oneself about: esp. said of an elastic or bounding movement by a heavy or bulky body. In early use to bounce it (said of a woman dancing): cf. L. humum pulsare ‘to thump or pounce the ground’.
1519Interl. Four Elem. in Hazl. Dodsl. I. 35 She will bounce it, she will whip, Yea, clean above the ground! 1589Gold. Mirr. (1851) 54 See where one bounseth in a players gowne. 1601Shakes. Per. ii. i. 26, I saw the porpus, how he bounced and tumbled. 1743–4Mrs. Delany Autobiog. (1861) II. 254 My heart bounced for joy at the news of your good house. 1787Best Angling (ed. 2) 35 When you have struck him, he will plunge and bounce in the water very much. 1802I. Milner Life xiv. (1842) 261 All in one instant, it bounced into my mind, that there must be an opening in the said brass rods. 1812H. & J. Smith Rej. Addr. 40 Nine centuries bounced he from cavern to rock. 1839Bailey Festus v, God puts his finger in the other scale, And up we bounce, a bubble. 1851O. W. Holmes A Song of '29, A cannon bullet rolling Comes ‘bouncing’ down the stairs. a1859De Quincey Bentley Wks. VI. 84 The judges bounced like quicksilver. 1883Browning Jochanan Hakkadosh in Jocoseria 127 Yet is the Ruach (..The imparted Spirit) in no haste to bounce From its entrusted Body. Mod. This ball is split, and will not bounce at all.
b. trans. To cause to rebound. Also transf., to cause to be reflected.
1876‘Mark Twain’ Tom Sawyer i. 9 I'll take and bounce a rock off'n your head. 1929Wodehouse Summer Lightning iii. 76 He poised the tennis-ball and..bounced it on the silver medallist's back. 1950Sci. News XV. 67 A beam of electrons is ‘bounced off’ the surface (in a vacuum) and collected on a photographic plate. 1959Daily Tel. 16 May 1/1 An experiment was now in hand for bouncing radio waves from the planet Venus. 1959I. & P. Opie Lore & Lang. Schoolch. vii. 114 Repeated while bouncing two balls against a wall.
c. intr. Of a cheque: to be returned to the drawer because there are insufficient funds to meet it. Occas. trans., to present (such a cheque).
1927New Republic 26 Jan. 277/2 ‘Bouncer’..may be either (1) a rubber check returned by the bank as no good, or (2) the person who passes (bounces) the rubber check. 1928Sunday Express 2 Dec. 2/6 ‘Rubber checks’, i.e., the type that comes bouncing back from the bank. 1943Hunt & Pringle Service Slang 16 Bounce, to be returned by the Bank [of a dud cheque]. 1951News Chron. 12 Dec. 4/4 If a customer draws a cheque for {pstlg}25 when there is only {pstlg}20 in his balance, the cheque will ‘bounce’—it will be returned to the customer who paid it in with the uncomplimentary remark, ‘Insufficient funds’. 1955Times 25 Aug. 9/4 If..you..then bounce a cheque, you will be in trouble.
d. trans. To bowl a bouncer or bouncers at (a batsman). See bouncer 6. Cricket colloq.
1960I. Peebles Bowler's Turn viii. 63 He was a magnificent hooker, and few fast bowlers bounced him a second time. 1985Times 9 Apr. 22/4 Fast bowlers of every country now bounce non-batsmen.
7. To come or go as unceremoniously as a tossed ball, to throw oneself with excess of physical momentum; to burst unceremoniously into, out of.
1679Hist. Jetzer 4 The Receiver, Cook, and Mr. Novice, came bouncing in. 1827Scott Diary in Lockhart xxiv, The French..bounce in at all hours and drive one half mad with compliments. 1851Helps Comp. Solit. iv. (1874) 45 The market-gardener's wife, little attended to, bounces out of the room. 1883Ld. Saltoun Scraps I. iii. 264 The innkeeper's wife bounced into the room.
8. a. trans. To discharge suddenly from employment. U.S. [Of uncertain origin.]
1884Boston (Mass.) Jrnl. 3 Oct. 2/3 Speaker Carlisle has bounced his clerk, Mr. Nelson, for telling tales out of school. 1885Milnor (Dakota) Teller 5 June 5/2 Tuller, Judge Hudson's imported clerk of the court at Lisbon, is likely to be bounced, and Hugh Doherty appointed.
b. trans. To eject summarily. Chiefly U.S. colloq. Cf. bouncer 5.
1877Bartlett Dict. Amer. (ed. 4) 62, I daresn't go in there; the bar-tender's drunk, and I might get bounced. 1883[see bouncer 5]. 1891C. Roberts Adrift Amer. 128 Here I jumped another train and got ‘bounced’ at Bernalillo.
c. To throw over (as a suitor). U.S. colloq.
1893‘O. Thanet’ Stories Western Town 213 You don't suppose it would be any use to offer Esther a cool hundred thousand to promise to bounce this young fellow?
▸ intr.to bounce back: to recover quickly or fully.
1934Helena (Montana) Independent 11 Jan. 7/6 When a team hits bottom it usually bounces back. 1950J. D. MacDonald Brass Cupcake (1955) x. 105 Fictional heroes..can bounce back from a pasting that should have put them in hospital beds. 1975Whig-Standard (Kingston) 8 Feb. 13/1 They bounced back to get into the game a couple of times after bad goals, but how many times can you expect a team to keep doing that? 2004D. Hart-Davis in Slightly Foxed Spring 67 A year later, after an operation and chemotherapy, she bounced back.
▸ Computing. a. trans. To return (an e-mail) to its sender after delivery has failed.
1982Automatic Access to Archives in net.general (Usenet newsgroup) 4 June Any bad requests received could be bounced back with a simple comment about syntax. 1995LAN Mag. (Nexis) Feb. 28 If CompuServe discovers you've addressed a message to an MCI address via the MCI domain name but sent it to the Internet gateway rather than the MCI gateway, it bounces the message back to you. 2002Guardian (Nexis) 5 Sept. (Online section) 2 My idea for beating the spammers..[uses] the same method used to ‘bounce’ emails that are sent to an invalid address.
b. intr. Of an e-mail: to be returned to its sender after delivery has failed. Freq. with back.
1983Re: Info. on Jamaica in net.travel (Usenet newsgroup) 30 June Sorry this is posted, my mail bounced. 1991E. S. Raymond New Hacker's Dict. Introd. 7 Don't email us if an attempt to reach someone bounces. 1996InfoWorld (Electronic ed.) 22 Apr. Z-Mail is the only program that does an automatic address check as you enter it, thus preventing the frustrating experience of having a message bounce back because you wrote don{at}idc and not don{at}igc. 2000N.Y. Times 21 Aug. c6/2 Dealing with the volume of incoming mail that results from a mass mailing, including messages that bounce back because of invalid addresses.
▪ IV. bounce, int. and adv.|baʊns|
Also 6 bowns, bounse, 6–7 bownce.
[The stem of the vb. or n. interjectionally: cf. the corresponding use of Ger. bums, bumps, as in bums geht die Thür (Grimm).]
A. int.
a. Imitating the sound of a gun.
b. Expressing sudden, violent movement.
1523Skelton Garl. Laurel 624 With that I herd gunnis russhe out at ones, Bowns, Bowns, Bowns! that all they out cryde. 1590Pasquil's Apol. i. D ij b, Bounse, thers a gunne gone off, doe not the Bishops quake at thys? 1597Shakes. 2 Hen. IV, iii. ii. 303 Bownce would hee say, and away againe would hee goe. 1608R. Armin Nest Ninn. (1880) 59 Bownce is the worlds motto there, till they discharge the braine of all good abearing. 1852Hood Lamia iii. 44 At every step—Bounce! when I only thought to stride a pace, I bounded thirty.
B. adv. With a bounce (senses 1, 2, 3).
1604Dekker Honest Wh. Wks. 1873 II. 82 The Turkes gallies are fighting with my ships, Bownce goes the guns. 1750Gray Let. in Poems (1775) 216 The Heroines..bounce into the parlour enter'd. 1789Wolcott (P. Pindar) Expost. Ode xii. Wks. 1812 II. 242 Bounce on my dear os frontis falls the lead. 1847Barham Ingol. Leg. (1877) 95 Bounce went the door, In came half a score Of the passengers, sailors, and one or two more. 1864C. M. Yonge New Ground xv, Something came bounce against the door. |