| 释义 |
▪ I. † ˈscalping, n. Obs.
[? f. scalp n.1 + -ing1.]
(See quot.)
1746Catesby in Phil. Trans. XLIV. 126 Mr. Joice, in digging the Foundation of an House..found, at the Depth of 6 Feet, a Part of a Jaw-bone..; then one Foot of Scalping or Sand-bed; then eighteen Inches of Stone.
▪ II. ˈscalping, vbl. n.1
[f. scalp v.1 + -ing1.]
In † scalping iron = scalper1 1.
1552Huloet, Scalping yron for a surgeon, scalpellum, scalprum. [Also in later Dicts.]
▪ III. ˈscalping, vbl. n.2
[f. scalp v.2 + -ing1.]
1. a. Surg. The laying bare of the bone of the skull by cutting and raising the scalp.
1739Sharp Surg. xxvii. 139 For it never happens that we inquire for a Fracture of the Scull by scalping, but that the Scalp itself is contus'd. 1787Med. Commun. II. 153 Which he had experienced before the scalping and trepanning. 1897Syd. Soc. Lex.
b. The tearing off of the scalp of an enemy.
1747Gentl. Mag. 43 Scalping is cutting the skin from the eyebrows round the head and peeling it off. 1876Bancroft Hist. U.S. VI. xxiv. 3 He taunted Burgoyne with the murders and scalpings by the Indians in his employ.
2. In technical and slang uses (see the vb.).
1871Cowie Shetland viii. 158 (E.D.D.) The ruinous process of ‘scalping’, or removing the turf of the commons for manuring the farms. 1882Nation 5 Oct. 276 (Cent. Dict.) A corporation like the Pennsylvania Railroad must protect itself against loss through scalping. 1884Knight Dict. Mech. Suppl., Scalping (Milling), brushing the hair or fuzz from the ends of wheat grain to prevent its getting into the flour. 1894Standard 3 May 7/1 (Farmer) A scalping of the Stock at the expense of the genuine investor. 1901Dundee Advertiser 23 Apr. 4 Numbers of crofter grazings have been spoiled..by ‘scalping’, irregular peat cutting,..and careless heather burning. 1922Jrnl. Inst. Metals XXVIII. 881 Rolling data for brass and bronze, scalping, annealing, and pickling. 1949J. E. Garside Process & Physical Metall. viii. 123 It is becoming general practice in the case of non-ferrous alloys to subject slabs and billets to a surface machining operation known as ‘scalping’ prior to cold-rolling. 1960New Scientist 19 May 1269/2 The machine..is used for scalping. By scalping, the quarryman means separating the dirt from the mine output before the stones are passed into the crusher. 1967Gloss. Highway Engin. Terms (B.S.I.) 25 Scalpings, hard material extracted as being unsuitable for crushing and screening. 1975Bristol Evening Post 19 Feb. 1/4 The firm plan to protect Portway and services underneath from impact, possibly with a blanket of steel plating topped by scalping and sand.
3. attrib. and Comb., as scalping act, scalping party; fig. in scalping measure; scalping-machine (see quot.); scalping-tuft, a scalp-lock.
1750in Temple & Sheldon Hist. Northfield (1875) 381 Our Men will not venture out after the Enemy on any Scalping Act whatsoever. 1757Washington Lett. Writ. 1889 I. 454 note, They have detached their principal force into many scalping parties. 1777Fox in Hansard's Parl. Hist. (1814) XIX. 523 The most violent, scalping, tomahawk measures. 1826J. F. Cooper Mohicans iii, The well-known and chivalrous scalping-tuft. 1883Neftel Rep. Flour-milling (10th Census U.S.) 9 The resultant ‘chop’ is separated into..flour, middlings, and bran, by means of bolts technically called ‘scalping-reels’. 1884Bath Herald 27 Dec. 6/5 A ‘scalping’ machine..separates the ‘middlings’ from the larger pieces of wheat.
▪ IV. ˈscalping, ppl. a.
[f. scalp v.2 + -ing2.]
That scalps (in various senses).
1762–71H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Paint. (1786) V. 75 A scalping Indian. 1903Times 3 Mar. 9/2 Chicago, March 2. Wheat... Scalping traders were moderate buyers. |