| 释义 |
▪ I. ˈscamble, n.1 Sc. and north.
Forms: 5 skamyll, 9 skemmel; 6 pl. skaymlis, scamles, scamells, scambills, skemlis, 7 skemmillis.
[Northern var. of shamble n.; prob. due to Scandinavian influence; cf. ON. skemill, Da. skammel footstool.]
1. A bench; now, ‘a kind of long form used in a farm-house kitchen’ (E.D.D.).
c1470Henry Wallace xi. 1352 Thai xxxty dayis his band thai durst nocht slaik, Quhill he was bundyn on a skamyll off ayk. 1885Hall Caine Shadow of a Crime x, [He] had placed the benches called skemmels down each side.
†2. pl. (const. as sing.). A slaughter-house (also fig.); a meat or fish market; a shambles. Obs.
1549–50Stirling Burgh Rec. (1887) I. 58 To brek fischis apon the skemlis of the foirgate. 1561Aberdeen Reg. (1844) I. 334 For makking of ane skaymlis of tre at the fysche cors, for laying of the quhyt fysche tharupoune. 1570Buchanan Admonit. Wks. (1892) 23 Sum convoyaris of him to ye scamles that slew his guidschir. 1572Satir. Poems Reform. xxxv. 94 We sall avenge it on that clan, Ȝour freind that to the scambills sauld. 1582–8Hist. Jas. VI (1804) 195 They marchit..to Edinburgh, and plantit a gairdhous at the comon scamells. 1607Stirling Burgh Rec. (1887) I. 116 The fische skemmillis.
▪ II. † ˈscamble, n.2 Obs. rare.
[f. scamble v.]
A scramble, confused struggle.
1609J. Davies Humours Heau'n on Earth i. clxxxiii. (Grosart) 23/1 Here Bugs bestirre them, with a bellowing rore, As at a Scamble we see Boyes to sturre, Who for Soules scamble on a glowing flore; Biting and scratching, like the Cat and Curre. 1664H. More Myst. Iniq. i. xvi. 320 This pretended Triumvirate is no Supreme Magistracy, but a Political Scuffle or Scamble or transient Shuffle betwixt these three men, Octavius, Antony and Lepidus.
▪ III. scamble, v.|ˈskæmb(ə)l|
Also 6 skamble, 9 Sc. and dial. skammel, skemmel, -il, skemmle, skemble.
[Of obscure origin; app. related both to shamble and scramble vbs., which are not recorded until much later.]
†1. intr. To struggle with others for money, fruit, sweetmeats, etc. lying on the ground or thrown to a crowd; hence, to struggle in an indecorous and rapacious manner in order to obtain something. Const. for, after. Obs. (now superseded by scramble).
1539Taverner Erasm. Prov. (1545) 22 b, The apes..skambled and went together by y⊇ eares for the nuttes. 1553Respublica i. iii. 176 Avar... Therefore catche that catche maye, hardely, & spare not,..the Devyll ys a knave an I catche not a flyce,..I doubte not to skamble and rake as well as one. 1589Puttenham Eng. Poesie i. xxvi. (Arb.) 66 Ladies and gentlewomen..with their handes wantonly scambling and catching after the nuttes. 1595Shakes. John iv. iii. 146 England now is left To tug and scamble, and to part by th' teeth The vn-owed interest of proud swelling State. 1600Holland Livy xliv. xlv. 1199 The king,..laid out fiftie talents among them upon the river side to skamble for. 1609[see scamble n.]. 1621Burton Anat. Mel. i. ii. iii. xv. 178 margin, I had no money, I wanted impudence, I could not scamble, temporise, dissemble. 1636Sir T. Wentworth Let. in Carte's Coll. (1735) 6 Every man had his money at a day, not scambling one before another without so much as giving of thanks. 1668J. Owen Expos. Ps. cxxx. 68 This may consist with an obstinate resolution to scamble for something upon the account of self endeavours. 1687Wood Life 5 Sept. (O.H.S.) III. 237 After the king had don his breakfast, they began to scramble [MS. 19 D (3) fol. 90 scamble]. [In Wood's MS. drafts of this portion of the Life the word occurs several times, variously written scramble and scamble.]
†b. To struggle wildly. Obs.
1591Lyly Sapho & Phao iv. iii, He [a stockdoue]..scambling to catch hold to harbor in the house hee had made,..sodainely fell.
2. trans. To scatter (money, food) for a crowd to scramble for. Obs. exc. dial.
Also Sc. (Roxb.) ‘Skemmel, skammel, to throw things hither and thither in a slovenly and careless way’ (Jam.).
1573–80Tusser Husb. (1878) 112 Keepe threshing..to haue to be suer fresh chaffe in the bin. And somewhat to scamble, for hog and for hen. 1600Holland Livy lxix. 1246 C. Marius..had purchased a sixth Consulship by a largesse of money skambled amongst the tribes. 1894Northumbld. Gloss. s.v., At weddings it is customary to scammle money after leaving the church.
†3. To seize in a scuffle; hence, to take in a rapacious or unscrupulous manner. Const. away. Obs.
1599Sandys Europæ Spec. (1629) 150 Hee will not be a raiser of new stirrs in Italy; as divers of them to scamble somewhat for theyr owne haue beene. 1638Ford Fancies i. iii, Perhaps The scambling halfe a duccat now and then To rore and noyse it with the tatling hostesse. 1695Wood Life 9 Nov. (O.H.S.) III. 495 There were only some gentlemen and ordinary people..in the Area who [after the king's departure] rudely scamb[l]ed away all the banquet.
4. intr. To make one's way as best one can; to stumble along. lit. and fig. Now only dial.
Also Sc. ‘to climb or walk over slight or loose obstacles, to climb over rocks or walls’ (Jam. s.v. Skemmel).
1571Campion Hist. Irel. To Rdr. (1633), From thence to Henry the Eight, because nothing is extant orderly written,..I scamble forward with such records as could be sought up. 1579Gosson Sch. Abuse 23 b, I haue in my voyage suffred wrack with Vlisses, & wringing-wett scambled with life to the shore. 1621Burton Anat. Mel. i. ii. iii. xv. 181 When they contemne Learning, & think themselues sufficiently qualified, if they can write & read, or scramble at a piece of Evidence. 1685H. More Cursory Refl. Baxter 8 Having scambled through a multitude of Authors carelesly and superficially, he was [etc.]. 1706Phillips (ed. Kersey), To Scamble, to rove or wander up and down. 1901E. G. Hayden Trav. round Village ii. 42 You had best try an' scamble through the water afoor 'tis too late. Ibid. xv. 254 How do 'ee manage to scamble along wi'out Kizzy?
†b. To make shift, find means somehow. Obs.
1608Merry Devil Edmonton D 4 b, Be ready but to take her at our hands, Leaue vs to scamble for her getting out.
†c. To make shift for a meal. Obs. rare—1. (Cf. scambling vbl. n. b.)
1591Lyly Sapho & Phao iii. ii, Molus. I am in the deapth of my learning driuen to a muse, how this lent I shall scamble in the court, that was woont to fast so oft in the Vniuersitie. Criti. Thy belly is thy God.
†d. quasi-trans. to scamble out: to get through (a period of time) in a haphazard way. Obs.
1571Campion Hist. Irel. xi. (1633) 34 In this division they scambled out a few yeares, untill the malice of Carassus a Britaine forced a quietnesse betweene them.
5. To throw out the limbs in a loose and awkward manner in walking; to shamble. Obs. exc. dial.
1633–1852 [see scambling ppl. a.]. 1825Jamieson, Skemmel, skemble, skammel.
6. trans. To collect in a haphazard or irregular manner; to ‘scrape’ together, up. Now dial.
1577Harrison England Ep. Ded., It may be..that your Honour will take offence at my rashe and rechlesse behauiour vsed in the composition of this volume, and much more that being scambled vp after this maner, I dare presume [etc.]. c1592Marlowe Jew of Malta i. i. (1633) B 3, They say we are a scatter'd Nation: I cannot tell, but we haue scambled vp More wealth by farre then those that brag of faith. 1603Knolles Hist. Turks (1621) 541 Before the enemie should perceive the weaknesse of his power, which was not great, and scambled up upon the suddain. 1638Wotton Let. to Bacon 6 Nov. in Reliq. W. (1672) 471 With this dispatch I will intermingle no other vulgar subject, but hereafter I will entertain you with as jolly things as I can scamble together. 1834Tait's Mag. I. 544/2 Each might, without much difficulty, ‘scamble up some sort of husband’ from among the corps.
7. To remove piecemeal; to cut away.
1707Mortimer Husb. 426 Finding my Wood cut in patches, and other parts of it scambled and cut before it was at its Growth. 1888Athenæum 11 Feb. 186/2 This band..was left untouched when the sculptor scooped or scambled away the substance to give depth of space for the relief of the two figures.
Hence ˈscamble-shamble v. intr., to lounge or shamble. (nonce-wd.)
1887Ruskin Præterita II. 332 He went scamble-shambling on, a plague to the end. |