| 释义 |
▪ I. scent, n.|sɛnt|
Forms: 4–7 (9 rare) sent, 5–6 sente, 6 cent, 7– scent.
[ME. sent, f. sent scent v.
Orig. a term of hunting. It is possible that there may have been an AF. *sent, verbal noun from sentir to scent.]
1. a. The faculty or sense of smell. Chiefly, and now exclusively, with reference to animals (esp. dogs) which find their prey or recognize objects by this sense.
c1470Henry Wallace v. 26 In Gyllisland thar was that brachell brede, Sekyr off sent to folow thaim at flede. 1596Dalrymple tr. Leslie's Hist Scot. I. 20 Fisches lurking amang the stanes thay [sc. dogs] seik out with thair sent. 1642Jer. Taylor God's Judgem. ii. vii. 110 He had all the Aromaticks and Odoriferous Perfumes to delight his sent in smelling. 1735Somerville Chase i. 94 The perfect Hound, in Scent and Speed Unrivall'd. 1784Cowper Task iii. 621 The sight is pleas'd The scent regal'd. 1875Jowett Plato (ed. 2) IV. 277 The dog, having the help of scent as well as of sight, is superior to the savage.
b. fig.
1590Nashe Pasquil's Apol. i. Wks. (Grosart) I. 218 It may be I am of some better sente then you take me for, and finding a Machiauellian tricke in this plot..I was [etc.]. 1812Sporting Mag. XXXIX. 237 An eminent Evangelical Divine..long celebrated for the keenness of his scent in ‘legacy hunting’. 1838Prescott Ferd. & Is. (1846) I. i. 104 The courtiers, with the quick scent of their own interest,..soon turned their attention to the same polite studies. 1857J. G. Holland Bay Path xxvi. 315 All of them had a scent for heresy so subtle and acute that [etc.].
¶c. In etymological sense: Perception by the senses, feeling. Obs. (? nonce-uses.)
14..Hoccleve Jereslaus' Wife 850 And ther-to eek as sharp punisshement As þat dyuyse ther kowde any wight, Thow sholdest han y-preeued by the sent. 1590Spenser F.Q. i. i. 43 He bids thee to him send for his intent A fit false dreame, that can delude the sleepers sent.
2. a. The odour of an animal or man as a means of pursuit by a hound; hence a track or trail as indicated by this odour.
cold scent: see cold a. 12. hot scent: see hot a. 8 a.
1375Barbour Bruce vi. 500 [The sleuthhund] hym luffit swa, That fra he mycht anys feill The kyngis sent..he vald change it for na thyng. c1400Master of Game (MS. Digby 182) i. 7 b, For the fuos of somme hares is of hotter sent thenne some. c1470Henry Wallace v. 141 The sloith stoppyt..Rycht wa thai [sc. the Englishmen] war that losyt was thair sent. 1576Turberv. Hunting xiv. 36 When they haue well beaten and founde the tracke or sent of the Harte. 1596Shakes. Tam. Shr. Induct. i. 24 He [sc. a hound]..twice to day pick'd out the dullest sent. 1686R. Blome Gentl. Recr. ii. 88/2 When one or more of them [sc. foxhounds] opens, 'tis a sure sign that he is upon the Scent. 1693Humours Town 8 It would be to as little purpose to seek you, as to follow the Chace upon a wrong Scent. 1726DeFoe Hist. Devil ii. ii. (1840) 190 We can follow as hounds do a fox upon a hot scent. 1774Goldsm. Nat. Hist. (1776) III. 329 What adds to this entertainment is the strong scent which the fox leaves, that always keeps up a full cry. 1885Field 7 Feb. 147/2 Once in the open, it was obvious that there was only half a scent. 1897Encycl. Sport I. 583/1 Scent—The odour given off by the fox... It is burning if..strong; breast-high, if so good that the hounds do not stoop to it; moving, if it is so fresh that it must be recent..; flighty or catchy, if variable; holding, if good enough, but not very strong.
b. fig.
1601Shakes. Twel. N. ii. v. 134 He is now at a cold sent. 1605Verstegan Dec. Intell. ii. 30 His tale..hath as plain a sent as a man need to wish, to fynd out a fable by. 1656Heylin Extran. Vapulans 15 Follow this Game a little further, now we are on the sents. a1715Burnet Own Time (1766) II. 144 The scent of preferment will draw aspiring men after it. 1765Sterne Tr. Shandy iv. xviii, Trim found he was upon a wrong scent. 1872Q. Rev. Jan. 267 Another false scent by which the Proletariat have long been led astray is that [etc.].
c. transf. in the game of Hare-and-hounds: Fragments of paper scattered on the ground by the ‘hares’ to serve as a track for the ‘hounds’.
1857Hughes Tom Brown i. vii, It's the turn of our house to find scent for..Hare-and-Hounds.
d. Phrases. to follow (or rarely pursue) the scent, to get (a or the) scent of, to have (a) scent of, lit. and fig. to lay, put (hounds) on or upon the scent; hence fig. to put (a person) on or off the scent, also on a false, wrong scent. to lose, recover the scent, lit. (of hounds) and fig.; also, to lose the scent, (of the game) to baffle the hounds by passing through water. to carry a or the scent, (of ground) to retain the scent of the game; also (of fox-hounds) to follow the scent. † full scent (advb.): ? of a hound, excited by the perception of the scent (in quot. transf.).
a1400Morte Arth. 1040 Bot thow moste seke more southe..ffor he [sc. the giant] wille hafe sent hym selfe sex myle large. 14..Hoccleve Jereslaus' Wife 272 [There was] An Erl..Beforn whos howndes was a fox rennynge,..And as þat they ran they hadden a sent Of the lady and thidir be they went. 1655Nicholas Papers (Camden) II. 350 This is to let my Sec. Ni. know that I am still close following the same sent. 1683Temple Mem. Wks. 1731 I. 399 All further Thoughts of a present Peace ended, and left me only to pursue the cold Scent of a Mediation in the common Forms. 1688in Phil. Trans. XVII. (1693) 784 One day there came three or four full sent to tell me they were certain they smelt the Pines. 1711Spect. No. 116 ⁋5 He immediately called in the Dogs, and put them upon the Scent. 1722De Foe Col. Jack (1840) 51 He had got a scent of it. 1730–46Thomson Autumn 446 Oft in the full-descending flood he [the stag] tries To lose the scent. 1781[see lay v.1 15 h]. 1821Scott Kenilw. vii, ‘Thou hast lost the scent, said Varney, ‘of thy comrade Tressilian.’ 1832John Bull 26 Nov. 379/2 The hounds were for some time at fault. They soon, however, recovered the scent. 1832‘Nimrod in Q. Rev. Mar. 219 The scent being seldom sufficient to enable the hound to carry it up to his [sc. the fox's] kennel. 1862M. E. Braddon Lady Audley xxx, How if she..wished to throw my poor friend off the scent by this false announcement? 1878‘Brooksby’ Hunting Countries i. 8 The surrounding country being strongly fenced, and carrying a good scent, a bad hunter is of little use here. 1882Ainger Lamb vi. 116 Lamb had a love of..putting his readers on a false scent. 1884L. J. Jennings Croker Papers I. iii. 77 The police..had got scent of the intended affray.
3. In wider sense: Distinctive odour. Now almost exclusively applied to agreeable odours, e.g. those of flowers.
1471Caxton Recuyell (Sommer) I. 41 Every man rose fro the table abhorryng & eschewyng the sente and sauour of the dede man. 1509Hawes Past. Pleas. iv. iv. (1555) C ij b, And in my mouthe, it had a marueylous cent Of dyuers spyces. 1591Sylvester Du Bartas i. v. 148 The fragrant sents of flowry banks. 1635Stafford Fem. Glory (1869) 116 It is impossible to handle perfumes, without bearing away part of their sent. 1718Pope Iliad vi. 359 Her rich Wardrobe..Where treasur'd Odors breath'd a costly Scent. 1774Goldsm. Nat. Hist. (1776) II. 226 The Negroe nations..of Guinea..have an insupportable scent. 1826Kirby & Sp. Entomol. IV. 140 There is scarcely a scent odious or agreeable that may not be met with in the insect world. 1862Longfellow Wayside Inn i. Prol. 195 His garments breathed a spicy scent Of cinnamon and sandal blent.
fig.a1586Sidney Arcadia iii. (Sommer) 266 One..would haue iudged that his eies would haue run into him & his soule out of him; so vnkindly did either take a sent of danger. 1590Nashe Pasquil's Apol. i. Wks. (Grosart) I. 212 When I see the theefe, and the sente of Church-robbers is in my nosthrils. 1868Freeman Norm. Conq. (1876) II. viii. 252 Perhaps some scent of the coming danger reached him.
4. An odoriferous liquid prepared by distillation from flowers, etc.; a perfume.
1750Leonardus' Mirr. Stones 74 It has the smell and colour of myrrh, and is used as a scent. 1898Cassell's Mag. June 42 A certain celebrated scent, made from the original recipe.
5. attrib. and Comb.: simple attrib., as scent-ball, scent-casket, scent-sachet; instrumental, as scent-laden adj.; objective, as scent-snuffing adj.; special comb.: scent-bag, (a) a pouch, sac, or gland found in some animals, containing a secreted odoriferous substance; (b) a bag containing a strong-smelling substance drawn over ground to make an artificial scent for hounds; (c) = sachet 3; scent-bean, an aromatic bean carried with the snuff in a snuff-box; scent-bottle, (a) a bottle of scent; spec., an ornamental bottle containing scent, smelling-salts, etc. for the toilet-table or pocket; (b) a bottle designed to contain scent; scent-box, (a) a box for carrying scent; (b) Pugilistic slang, the nose; scent-dog Sc., a pointer; scent-gland, a gland which secretes an odoriferous substance; scent-holder, -jar, an ornamental vase or jar, usually with perforated top, in which odorous substances are kept to perfume an apartment; scent-organ Ent. and Zool., an organ that secretes scent, a scent-bag, scent-gland; scent-scale Ent., a perfumed scale found on the males of some Lepidoptera; scent-spray, an ornamental scent-bottle with apparatus for distributing the scent; † scent-strong a., having great scenting powers; scent-tuft Ent., a brush-like scent-bearing organ (Webster Suppl. 1902); scent-vase = scent-jar; scent-wood, a Tasmanian evergreen shrub, Alyxia buxifolia (Treas. Bot. 1866).
1682–3E. Tyson in Phil. Trans. XIII. 38 Two Baggs which I have taken the liberty to call the *Scent-baggs [in a viper]. 1889C. D. Warner in Harper's Mag. Oct. 726/2 The young men..expended an immense amount of energy..in riding at fences after the scent-bag. 1892Cooley's Cycl. Pract. Receipts 1487/1 Scent-bags. See Sachets.
Ibid., *Scent-balls.
1892H. Ainslie Pilgr. Land of Burns 85 Their mouths were dry as snuff-boxes, and their tongues rattled therein like unto *scent beans.
1833T. Hook Parson's Dau. i. iv, Cut-glass *scent bottles. 1856C. M. Yonge Daisy Chain i. xxv. 262 She flew for the scent-bottle, while her father bent over Margaret. 1895Army & Navy Co-op. Soc. Price List 714/2 Scent Bottles—Fancy,—A large assortment in Stock. 1917Harrods Gen. Catal. 219 Sterling silver and cut glass scent bottle. 1930T. S. Eliot tr. St.-J. Perse's Anabasis 37 And a man strode forth at the threshold of the desert—profession of his father: dealer in scent-bottles. 1975J. O'Faolain Woman in Wall iii. 55 Translucent scent-bottles of glass and alabaster.
17..in Ashton Social Life (1882) I. 158 A Cane with a Silver Head and *Scent Box. 1826Sporting Mag. XVIII. 315 Pat napped him on the scent-box.
1879Piesse Perfumery (ed. 4) Index, *Scent-casket.
1894Crockett Raiders 29 Nosing them for myself like a *Scent-Dog after birds.
1683E. Tyson in Phil. Trans. XIV. 377 Those scent-bags, or *scent-glands, I have formerly mentioned to be in other Animals. 1866Owen Anat. Vertebr. I. 615 [During the breeding-season] the anal scent-glands are in active function in both groups [sc. Lizards and Serpents].
1832G. R. Porter Porcelain & Gl. 22 A *scent-jar, forty-four inches high... The scent is allowed to escape through hexagonal openings in the neck.
1816Kirby & Sp. Entomol. xxi. (1818) II. 245 Another insect..furnished with osmateria, or *scent-organs.
1892B. Hinton Lord's Return 206 A silken coverlet, quilted and perfumed like a *scent-sachet.
1898Packard Text-bk. Entomol. 198 To these *scent-scales is applied the term androconia.
1592Shakes. Ven. & Ad. 692 For there his smell with others being mingled, The hot *sent-snuffing hounds are driuen to doubt.
1897Daily News 9 July 6/3 A silver and Venetian glass *scent spray.
1591Sylvester Du Bartas i. v. 660 The *sent-strong Swallow sweepeth to and fro.
▪ II. scent, v.|sɛnt|
Forms: 5–7 (9 rare) sent, 6–7 sente, (7 cent), 7– scent.
[ME. sent, a. F. sentir to feel, perceive, spec. to smell; = Pr., Sp., Pg. sentir, It. sentire:—L. sentīre to feel, perceive.
The spelling scent (for this and the n.) does not occur in our material until the 17th c. A revival of the etymological spelling sent was attempted by A. and J. C. Hare (Guesses at Truth, ed. 1838).]
1. trans. Of a hound or other animal: To find or track (game, prey, etc.) by the smell; also, to scent out. In later use said also, with wider application, of persons and animals: To become aware of the presence or approach of, or to recognize at a distance, by the sense of smell; also (rarely), to inhale the smell of, to smell at.
c1400Master of Game (MS. Digby 182) i. 7 b, Whan hares be ygete with the kynde of a conynge..the houndes lust nor sentith hem nought so wele. 1575Turberv. Venerie 117 By that time he have gone xx or xxx paces, the slot is better, and the hounds shall sent him much better. 1602Shakes. Ham. i. v. 58 Ghost. But soft, me thinkes I sent the Mornings Ayre; Briefe let me be. 1638Sir T. Herbert Trav. (ed. 2) 179 Let us goe cent the Caspyan ayre. 1721R. Keith tr. T. à Kempis' Soliloquy of Soul x. 177, I myself have even scented from afar the celestial Spices. 1822–34Good's Study Med. (ed. 4) III. 200 The refreshment which is felt on scenting the pungent vapour of carbonate of ammonia. 1834Pringle Afr. Sk. ix. 307 Our oxen had scented the water at a distance. 1853Kane Grinnell Exp. xxix. (1856) 239 A bear and two cubs, that had..been scenting our foot-marks of the day before. 1871L. Stephen Playgr. Eur. iv. 230 These animals [sc. sheep-dogs] scent the traveller from an incredible distance. 1878R. B. Smith Carthage 295 Like vultures scenting their prey afar.
b. fig. To perceive as if by smell; to find out instinctively; to detect.
1553Respublica 164 Nowe a wheale on suche noses..That so quicklie canne sente where hidden golde dothe lye. c1620Fletcher & Mass. Double Marriage i. ii, Fer. Is Virolet in [the conspiracy]? Ron. The head of all, he onely scented me. 1658Cleveland Rustick Rampant (1687) 416 Perhaps not senting the Design of the Clowns. 1833I. Taylor Fanaticism ii. 26 The religious classes who..will scent a heresy in every such definition. 1870A. R. Hope Schoolboy Fr. xiv. 182, I thought he would scent us out. 1897L. J. Trotter John Nicholson xix. 227 Chamberlain, scenting possible mischief, made a forced march to Amritsar.
†c. In etymological sense: To discern, perceive. Obs. rare.
1586Bright Melanch. xix. 115 Soules haue sense of thinges without organicall senses: and when they bee but fancies, yet that which ministreth the object..is sented with the minde only. 1609C. Butler Fem. Mon. (1623) B 4, Hir horns..are the proper organum of the sense of feeling; by which, with the least touch, the Bee sodainely senteth any tangible object.
2. intr. Of a hound or other animal:
†a. To perceive the smell of (the quarry). Obs.
b. To hunt by the sense of smell; also, to ‘smell about’, sniff the air for a scent.
c1400Master of Game (MS. Digby 182) ii. 11 And he shall kepe hym..always in þe myddell of the water for cause that the houndes shall not sent of hym. 1598Marston Pygmal. iv. 151 But Grillus subtile-smelling swinish snout Must sent, and grunt, and needes will finde it out. 1667Milton P.L. x. 279 So sented the grim Feature, and upturn'd His Nostril wide into the mirky Air. 1730Swift Answ. Delany's Fable 8 The hound would scent; the wolf would prowl.
fig.a1641Bp. R. Montagu Acts & Mon. (1642) 20 But at length they began to sent after the Egyptians gods.
3. To exhale an odour, to smell. [So F. sentir.] Now rare or Obs.
c1400Beryn 2765 This gardeyn is..ful of may flouris,..The wich been so redolent, & sentyn so a boute. 1578Lyte Dodoens i. xliii. 63 The seede is small and black, and senting like Rosin. 1664Hubert Catal. Rarities (1665) 66 A stone that smells only when it is blown on, and the harder one blowes, the stronger it sents. 1698Fryer Acc. E. India & P. 182 The Fruit when Green scents like Turpentine. 1843tr. Custine's Empire of Czar I. 125 This perfumed Cerberus, for he scented of musk at the distance of a league, released us.
fig.1632Massinger & Field Fatal Dowry iv. i, Season now your youth With one braue thing, and it shall keep the odour..and on your Tombe Sent like sweet oyles and Frankincense. 1642Fuller Holy & Prof. St. iv. xvi. 321 Such is the fresh nature of some Embassages, if not spent presently, they sent ill. 1826Lamb Elia Ser. ii. Genteel Style in Writing, They [sc. Sir William Temple's essays] scent of Nimeguen, and the Hague. 1831Fraser's Mag. IV. 584 The very air scents of knavery.
4. trans. [From the n.] To impregnate with an odour; to perfume.
1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iii. 636 With Smoak of burning Cedar scent thy Walls. 1725Pope Odyss. viii. 398 An hundred altars rise, And breathing odours scent the balmy skies. 1792J. Belknap Hist. New-Hampsh. III. 147 To decoy him, the hunters scent the ground with a drug. 1837Dickens Pickw. vii, The hundred perfumes of the little flower-garden..scented the air around. 1899Allbutt's Syst. Med. VIII. 762 The ointment may be scented with any essential oil.
▪ III. scent
obs. form of saint. |