| 释义 |
‖ purpura|ˈpɜːpjʊərə|
[L. purpura purple, ad. Gr. πορϕύρα purple shell-fish, purple.]
1. Path. A disease due to a morbid state of the blood or blood-vessels, characterized by purple or livid spots scattered irregularly over the skin, with great debility and depression, and sometimes hæmorrhage.
Usually divided into purpura simplex, the mild form, and p. hæmorrhagica or purpura maligna, the severer form. Formerly used more widely, with many defining words.
1753Chambers Cycl. Suppl. s.v. Purpurea, The going back of the eruptions in the white purpura is very often fatal. Ibid., The red purpura, when the eruptions are struck back, is not attended with such sudden danger. 1799Med. Jrnl. I. 234 The rash was succeeded by numerous livid spots, diffused over almost the whole body, and resembling those of the purpura, or the petechiæ sine febre, in their most dangerous form. 1858Mayne Expos. Lex., Purpura Hæmorrhagica,..petechial fever. 1877Roberts Handbk. Med. (ed. 3) I. 252 Purpura is due to a peculiar unhealthy condition of the blood and tissues.
2. Zool. A large genus of gastropods, including some of those which secrete the fluid whence the ancient purple dye was derived; a mollusc of this genus.
The common British and North Atlantic species is P. lapillus, which secretes a small quantity of the dye-liquid.
[1686W. Cole (title) Purpura Anglicana, being a Discovery of a Shell-fish Found on the Shores of the Severn, in which there is a Vein containing a Juice, giving the delicate and durable Tincture of the Antient, Rich, Tyrian Purple.] 1753Chambers Cycl. Suppl., Purpura, It has been usual with most authors to confound together the genera of the murex and purpura. 1847Carpenter Zool. §924 The Purpura, a shell of comparatively small size,..very abundant..on our own coast. |