| 释义 |
scimitar|ˈsɪmɪtə(r)|
Forms: α. 6 cimitarie, -erie, 7 -ary, -ery; 6 semeterrie, -iterie, -orie, 6–7 -arie, scimitarie. β. 6 cemiterre, -are, cimyter, 6–7 cimiterre, cymiter, 6–9 cimiter, 8 -etar, 7 cymitar, -et(t)er, -etre, cemiter, -ar, -eter, 7–9 cimeter. γ. 6 semitor, symitare, 6–7 semitar, 7 -iter(e, -yter, symeter, 8–9 simitar. δ. 7 scindifer, skimiter, scemiter, 7–9 scimiter, scimeter, scymitar, -etar, -iter, -eter, scimetar, 6– scimitar.
[Adopted in the 16th c. in various forms from different Rom. langs. The word appears as F. cimeterre (15th c. in Hatz.-Darm.; also ? sanneterre, ? sauveterre, and 16th c. cimiterre), It. scimitarra (formerly also cimitara), Sp. cimitarra, Pg. cimitarra, semitierra, samitarra. A Turkish origin would be expected, but no likely etymon has been found in that language; the Persian shamshīr, formerly pronounced shamshēr (whence Gr. σαµψήρα ‘a barbarian sword’, Suidas) agrees in sense but is unsatisfactory as to form. The Basque *cimeterra ‘sharp-edged’, has been suggested as the source, but this appears unlikely, and recent Basque dicts. do not give the adj.
In Chr. Richerius Thorigneus De Rebus Turcarum (1540), cymitharra is given as the name by which the Janizaries called their weapon; but this does not prove that the word was Turkish.]
1. a. A short, curved, single-edged sword, used among Orientals, esp. Turks and Persians.
αa1548Hall Chron., Hen. VIII, 6 b, Appareled after Turkey fashion..girded with two swordes, called Cimiteries. 1596Nashe Saffron Walden 8 A trenchant Turkish semitorie. 1603Florio Montaigne ii. xxvii. 403 By one onely blow of a Cimitary or broade Persian Sword. 1623Bingham Xenophon 79 With the stroke of a Cimitery. 1623Cockeram 1, Semitarie, a crooked Sword or Faulchion.
β1579North tr. Plutarch, Alexander (1595) 751 He..ran sodainly to him with a cimiter drawen in his hand. 1596Spenser F.Q. v. v. 3 Vppon her thigh her Cemitare was tide. 1615G. Sandys Trav. 28 The Patrone..drawing a Turkish Cymiter, beginneth to lay about him. 1781Gibbon Decl. & F. III. xxxiv. 266 They worshipped their tutelar deity under the symbol of an iron cimeter. 1838Lytton Leila i. ii, The curving cimiter. 1886Harper's Mag. Feb. 467/2 Shemr raised his glittering cimeter.
γ1588Shakes. Tit. A. iv. ii. 91 He dies vpon my Semitars sharpe point. 1592Kyd Sol. & Pers. i. iii. 100 With this Semitor I..Endured some three or foure howers combat. 1634Sir T. Herbert Trav. 53 An vnexpected Semiter..cut off his head. 1662Evelyn Chalcogr. Table, Damascus Symeters. 1690Gt. Scanderberg 78 His Semitar had cleaved so fast to his hand in the heat of the Fight, that it could not be pluck'd off.
δ1562J. Shute tr. Two Comm. ii. 43 The sworde that Scanderbeg strake the beste with was a Scimitar bending lyke vnto a falchion. 1621Burton Anat. Mel. i. ii. iv. vii, If they haue a good skimiter, [they] had rather haue a blow on their arme, then their weapon hurt. 1669Davenant Man's the Master iv. 57 Suppose that with a Syrian Scemiter,..I were minc'd into a Py. 1750Johnson Rambler No. 82 ⁋10 A Scymitar once wielded by a soldier. 1788Gibbon Decl. & F. lxvii. VI. 441 In the hands of the Turks, the scymetar was the only instrument of conversion. 1813Byron Corsair iii. 8 Therefore came I..To smite the smiter with the scimitar. 1832W. Irving Alhambra II. 64 His scymetar and dagger were of the workmanship of Fez. 1870Lubbock Orig. Civiliz. vi. (1875) 310 The Scythians worshipped an iron scimetar as the symbol of the war-god.
b. transf. and fig.
1689Cotton Winter xxxv, And Pendant by their brawny Thighs, Hang Cimetars of burnisht Ice. 1825Scott Talism. iii, To raise up the scimitar of resistance.
2. Short for scimitar razor-shell (see 3).
1855Kingsley Glaucus (1878) 70 The grey scimitars are Solens.
3. attrib. and Comb., as scimitar-horned, scimitar-shaped adjs.; scimitar-babbler, a northern Indian or Australian bird belonging to the genus Pomatorhinus or Pomatostomus, and distinguished by a long curved bill; scimitar-pea, a variety of pea (named from the shape of the pod); scimitar-pod, the woody legume of the tropical climber Entada scandens; scimitar razor-shell, the Solen Ensis; scimitar-tree, an evergreen tree of the genus Harpephyllum.
1863T. C. Jerdon Birds of India II. 31 (heading) The Southern *Scimitar-babbler. 1928H. Whistler Pop. Handbk. Indian Birds 38 This Scimitar-Babbler is a gregarious species going about in small parties. 1964R. Perry World of Tiger iv. 58 Such small pests as scimitar-babblers, whose clear ringing cries are audible half a mile away in the hills.
1895J. G. Millais Breath fr. Veldt (1899) 145 The noble presence of the *scimitar-horned sable antelope.
1844Stephens Bk. Farm II. 550 The Carolina, blue *scimitar, and blue and green tall and dwarf imperial [peas]. 1856Morton Cycl. Agric. II. 576 The blue scimitar pea.
1871J. Smith Domestic Bot. 432 *Scimitar Pods (Entada scandens)... Its large hard-wooded flat pods..resemble a sword or scimitar.
1819W. Turton Conchol. Dict. 160 Solen Ensis, *Scimitar Razor-shell.
1776J. Lee Introd. Bot. Expl. Terms 386 Acinaciforme, *scymitar-shaped. 1850R. G. Cumming Hunter's Life S. Afr. (1902) 142/2 Knotted, scimitar-shaped horns.
Hence ˈscimitared a., (a) bearing or armed with a scimitar; (b) ‘scimitar-shaped, acinaciform’ (Cent. Dict. 1891).
1845E. Warburton Crescent & Cross II. 280 Turbaned and scimitared servants. 1885Meredith Diana xxxv, The scimitared Mesrour. |