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▪ I. † abanˈdon, -ˈdoun, adv. Obs.
3–4. Also abandun, abaundune.
[a. OFr. phr. à bandon, à bandun, f. à at, to, bandon, -un ‘ban, proscription, authoritative order, jurisdiction, control, disposal, discretion,’ as in avoir à (or en) bandon, to have in one's jurisdiction, at one's disposal, under one's control; à son bandon at his pleasure; courir à bandon to run at one's own discretion, without restraint, impetuously. See also bandon n. and cf. the phrases at his bandoun, in hir bandoun, etc.]
1. Under jurisdiction, control, authority; at (one's) free disposal.
c1225Ureisun of God Almihti 203 To beon moder of swich sune..& habben him so abaundune [Lamb. MS. abandun] ðet he wulle ðet þin wille oueral beo i-uorðed.
2. At one's own discretion, at one's will, without interference or interruption from others. Hence,
a. Unrestrictedly, freely, recklessly, with all one's might, in full career.
b. Unstintedly, entirely, wholly.
c. Without bounds, to the fullest extent. (Cf. OFr. une porte overte a bandon.)
a1320Guy of Warw. (Turnb.) 181 Ther com an hundred knightes of gret might, Alle thai folwed him abandoun, And he mett with hem als a lyoun. c1320Arthour & Merlin 6016 His ribbes and scholder fel adoun Men might se the liuer abandon. 1423James I King's Quair ii. vi Quhare as in strayte ward, and in strong prison, Without confort, in sorowe abandoune.
▪ II. abandon, v.|əˈbændən|
Also 4–6 abandoun(e, abandune, habandone, habandoune.
[a. OFr. abandune-r, abandone-r, f. phr. à bandon: see abandon adv.; = mettre à bandon in its various senses; to put under any one's jurisdiction, to leave to any one's mercy or discretion; to leave one to his own discretion, let loose, let go; to put under public jurisdiction or ban, proscribe, banish.]
I. To subjugate absolutely.
†1. To reduce under absolute control or authority; to subjugate, subject, subdue. (Chiefly northern.) Obs.
1375Barbour Bruce xxxii. 8 And sa the land abandonit he That none durst warn him do his will. c1425Wyntown Cron. ii. ix. 36 Þai dowtyd at [= that] hys senyhowrey, Suld þame abawndown halyly. c1525Skelton Magnif. 1477 I have welthe at wylle Fortune to her law cannot abandune me. 1533Bellendene Livy ii. 141 The majeste of consulis micht nocht abandoun the instant furie of pepill.
II. To give up absolutely.
2. To give up to the control or discretion of another; to leave to his disposal or mercy; to yield, cede, or surrender absolutely a thing to a person or agent.
c1386Chaucer Pars. T., De Luxuria 800 Avoutrie..thurgh whiche tho, that somtime were on fleshe, abandone hir bodies to other persons. 1477Earl Rivers Dictes 87 (Caxton) If thou wol habandone to thy body al his wil thou shalt be the worse. 1667Dryden Ann. Mir. 224 He sigh'd, abandoning his charge to fate. 1761Hume Hist. Eng. I. init. To abandon that place to the merciless fury of the enemy. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 303 Those who completely abandoned to others the direction of the vessels.
†3. To sacrifice, devote, surrender. Obs.
c1450Merlin (1877) xx. 334 When he his bodye thus abandoneth for us welle ought we oures for to abandon for hym. 1523Ld. Berners Froissart I. ccxv. 272 All those that wolde take on them this croysey, and that wolde abandon their bodyes willyngly to distroy these yuell people and their companyons. 1642Rogers Naaman 163 He will abandon all his worth, and gage his credit too, but hee will haue it. 1718Lady M. W. Montagu Letters lxxix. 131 I abandon all things to the care of pleasing you.
4. refl. To give oneself up without resistance, to yield oneself unrestrainedly—as to the mastery of a passion or unreasoning impulse.
1564Haward Eutropius vii. 68 [Nero] at laste, did habondone hymselfe whollye over to so great disworship, that he woulde daunce and singe openly in the apparaile of common mynstrelles. 1601Shakes. Twel. N. i. iv. 19 If she be so abandon'd to her sorrow As it is spoke, she never will admit me. 1722De Foe Hist. Plague 165 They gaue themselves up, and abandoned themselves to their despair. 1762Kames Elem. Crit. II. 26 (1833) Has nothing left but to abandon himself to chance. 1879McCarthy Hist. Own Time II. xxix. 379 He seldom abandons himself altogether to the inspiration of the poet.
†5. intr. (by omission of refl. pron.) and pass. To give oneself up, devote oneself to a pursuit or course. Obs.
1393Gower Conf. ii. 1603 (I. 213) Which so ferforth was abandouned To Cristis feith. Ibid. III. 253 Lucrece his wife all environed With women, which were abandoned To werche. 1483Caxton G. Leg. 144/2 After he abandonned to lede an holy lyf.
6. trans. To relinquish to underwriters all claim to property insured, or to any part of it which may be recovered, after a loss. (Often used absol.)
1755N. Magens Essay on Insurances I. 89 When a ship..shall not be heard of in three months beyond the usual time for such a voyage, she may be considered as lost, and the Insured is permitted to abandon Ship and Cargo to the Insurers, and to demand payment of the sums they have respectively underwrote. 1809Tomlins Law Dict. s.v. Insurance ii. 7 As soon as the Insured receive accounts of such a loss as entitles them to abandon, they must, in the first instance, make their election whether they will abandon or not; and if they abandon, they must give the Underwriters notice in a reasonable time, otherwise they waive their right to abandon. 1848Arnould Law of Mar. Ins. (1866) II. iii. vi. 855 If the assured, by mortgaging his ship, has parted with the power of conveying an absolute title, he cannot abandon to the underwriters on ship.
7. To let go, give up, renounce, leave off (a possession, habit, practice, pursuit); to cease to hold, use, or practise.
1393Gower Conf. prol. 766 (I. 29) Thus was abandoned Thempire, which came never ayeine Into the hands of no Romaine. 1460Pol. Rel. & Love Poems 70 For suche yefte is Abandounyng expresse That [= what] with worship a-yein may not be take. 1577tr. Bullinger Decades 111 The commaundement for abandoning and not worshipping of images. 1777Burke Lett. to Bristol Sheriffs Wks. III. 173 The sense of the nation obliged the court of Charles the second to abandon the Dutch war. 1856Kane Arctic Explor. II. xvi. 172 Our fine theodolite we were forced to abandon. 1879Lubbock Scient. Lect. v. 152 It is a great mistake to suppose that implements of stone were abandoned directly metal was discovered.
8. To forsake, leave, or desert (a place, person, or cause); to leave without one's presence, help, or support.
1490Caxton Eneydos vi. 29 To habandoune and leue the swete countrey of theyr natiuyte. 1588Allen Admonition 57 The like vsurper Richard the third, being..abandoned of the nobility and people. 1671Milton Samson 118 As one past hope, abandoned, And by himself given over. 1722De Foe Hist. Plague 105 How can you abandon your own flesh and blood? 1792Anecd. of W. Pitt II. xxii. 3 King Frederick's good fortune did not abandon him. 1879M. E. Braddon Vixen III. 215 I felt myself abandoned and alone in the world.
¶ In many expressions, as to abandon a ship, fortress, post of duty, etc., the idea partakes of both 7 and 8.
1790Burke Reg. Peace Let. iv. Wks. V. 98 The helm of justice is abandoned. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 633 When Tangier was abandoned, Kirke returned to England. 1860Maury Phys. Geog. Sea xix. 807 That ship was made a complete wreck in a few moments, and she was abandoned by the survivors.
III. To let loose.
†9. refl. To let oneself loose, give oneself up impetuously or recklessly, rush headlong, risk oneself. Obs.
1375Barbour Bruce xvii. 393 Thar mycht men assailȝeouris se Abandoune thame richt hardely. Ibid. iii. 48 And the King him abandonyt ay To defend behind his mengȝe. c1530Ld. Berners Arthur of Lytell Bryt. (1814) 120 Hector..spurred hys horse, and habandoned hymselfe amonge his enemyes.
†10. To let loose, set free, liberate. Obs. rare.
1583Stanyhurst Virgil ii. 41 Thow soon of holye godesse, from flame thy carcas abandon Thee foes haue conquer'd, Troy towne is fyred of al sides.
IV. To banish.
†11. To put to the ban, interdict, proscribe, banish: fig. to expel, cast out, reject. Obs.
1548Udall etc. Erasm. Paraph. Matt. xi. 2 Abandone them from him and deliuer them to Jesus. 1567R. Mulcaster Fortescue (1672) 98 To abandon sin out of the Realme, & to advance vertue. 1570Levins Manipulus, To Abandon, Exterminare. 1581J. Studley Seneca's Tragedies, Hippolytus 58 b, Craggy crested Taurus mount whose hoary and frosty face With numming cold abandons all inhabitors the place. 1582Rheims Bible Luke vi. 22 Blessed shall ye be when men shall hate you and abandon [ejecerint] your name as evil. 1596Shakes. Tam. Shr. Ind. ii. 112 Being all this time abandoned from thy bed. 1649Bp. Hall Cases of Consc. ii. vii. 134 (1654) Whipt them in the publique Amphitheater, and abandoned them out of their dominions. 1660C. Bonde Scutum Regale 137 Flatterers will he abandon from his Court, and those who keep other mens estates will he banish from his Realm.
†b. refl.
1577T. Vautrollier Luther's Ep. to Galat. lf. 6 Thus I abandone my selfe from all actiue righteousness, both of mine owne and of Gods law.
▪ III. † abanˈdon, -ˈdoun(e, n.1 Obs.
[a. OFr. abandon, f. vb. abandoner; but in form confused with the adv. abandon, so that both in OFr. à abandon, and in ME. at, in abandoun, take the place of the simple à bandon, and at, in bandoun.]
= bandon.
1. Complete control; mostly in phr. to put or take in (= into) abandoun, to have in abandoun, to give in abandoun: to give into the absolute control of another, give up absolutely.
1475Caxton Jason 62, I haue nothing of valeur but that ye shall haue at your abandon and will. 1523Ld. Berners Froissart I. ix. 8, I and my sonne shall be to you for euer bounde, and wyll put all the realme of Ingland in your abandon.
2. To do a thing in abandoun or at abandoun: recklessly, impetuously, unreservedly, lavishly. (Northern.)
1375Barbour Bruce xv. 59 The Scottis men dang on so fast, And schot on thame at abandoune. c1400Rom. Rose 2342 Aftir this swiffte, it is good resoun, He yeve his good in abandoun.
▪ IV. abandon, n.2 ? Obs.|əˈbændən|
[f. abandon v.]
The act of abandoning; abandonment, relinquishment; spec. of property insured to the underwriters.
1755N. Magens Essay on Insur. I. 89 The Insurers shall be obliged to pay 92 per cent. within two months from and after the Time such Abandon was notified to them. 1776Ld. Kames (T.) These heavy exactions have occasioned an abandon of all mines but what are of the richer sort.
¶ Cited by Todd from Sandys as ‘a forsaker; he who has abandoned or left anything’: so in succeeding dictionaries; but Sandys's word is Abandoner.
▪ V. abandon, n.3
(əˈbændən, formerly ‖ abɑ̃ːˈdɔ̃, æbənˈdɒŋ)
[mod.Fr. abandon, f. vb. abandonner to abandon. See abandonment 5.]
Lit. a letting loose, abandonment or surrender to natural impulses; hence entire freedom from artificial constraint or from conventional trammels, unconstrainedness of manner, careless freedom, dash.
1822L. Simond Switzerland I. 285 There was more abandon in what she [sc. Mme de Staël] said, than in what she wrote. 1831Fraser's Mag. III. 358/1 It is the heart alone which is surrendered to its ‘abandon’. 1850M. F. Ossoli Woman in 19th Cent. (1862) 228 I love ‘abandon’ only when natures are capable of the extreme reverse. 1850A. Jameson Sacred and Leg. Art 210 Flung in all the abandon of solitude amid the depth of leafy recesses. 1851Ruskin Mod. Paint. I. ii. v. ii. 4. 345 The magnificent abandon of Harding's brush. 1879Dowden Southey iii. 75 He had not yet come out from the glow and the noble abandon of the South. 1922Joyce Ulysses 636 She also was Spanish or half so, types that wouldn't do things by halves, passionate abandon of the south. 1930W. S. Maugham Gent. in Parlour xxxix. 223 There was no abandon in their dance. |