| 释义 |
▪ I. buckler, n.1|ˈbʌklə(r)|
[f. buckle v. + -er1.]
One who or that which buckles; in quot. the strap of a helmet (obs.).
1650Don Bellianis 184 The Emperor had the Buckler of his Helm cut.
▪ II. buckler, n.2|ˈbʌklə(r)|
Forms: 3–4 boceler, 4 bookeler, 4–5 bocler, bock-, bokeler(e, bokler, buclere, bukler, -are, 6 bouc-, buccler, 7 bucklar, 6– buckler.
[a. OF. boucler, bucler (mod.F. bouclier), repr. a Lat. type *bucculārius adj., ‘having a boss’, f. buccula: see buckle n.]
1. A small round shield; in England the buckler was usually carried by a handle at the back, and ‘used not so much for a shield as for a warder to catch the blow of an adversary’ (Fairholt, s.v. Buckler), but sometimes it was larger, and fastened by straps to the arm. Sometimes wrongly applied to any kind of shield. Also attrib.
a1300K. Alis. 1190 Laddes, That sweord and boceleris hadde. c1386Chaucer Prol. 558 A swerd and a bocler baar he by his side. c1440Promp. Parv. 42 Bokelere, pelta, ancile, parma. 1570Florio 1st Fruites 17 b, What weapon is that buckler? A clownish dastardly weapon. 1611Bible 1 Chron. v. 18 Men able to beare buckler and sword. 1659Pearson Creed (1839) 280 He brought the bucklers stamped with the pictures of Cæsar into Jerusalem. 1760Gray Corr. (1843) 207 A pave..is a very large buckler..big enough to cover the tallest man. 1776Gibbon Decl. & Fall I. 12 The buckler was of an oblong and concave figure, four feet in length. 1813Scott Trierm. ii. xvi, Each knight..Take buckler, spear, and brand. 1870Bryant Iliad I. vii. 222 Ajax..upheld A buckler like a rampart.
2. fig. A means of defence; protection, protector.
c1380Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 265 Þe bookeler of þis goostly fiȝt is a man to holde his pees in tyme. c1449Pecock Repr. i. xiii. 71 Sufficient bokeler aȝens this assailing. 1535Coverdale Ps. xvii[i]. i My buckler, y⊇ horne of my health, and my proteccion. 1725Pope Odyss. iv. 961 His country's buckler, and the Grecian boast. 1857C. Brontë Professor I. iii. 37 On a buckler of impenetrable indifference.
3. Anat. (see quots.)
[1611Cotgr., Bouclier de l'estomac, The triangular gristle that grows to the bottome of the breast-bone, and from the middle thereof hangs over the stomacke.] 1541R. Copland Guydon's Quest. Chirurg., Commyng fro the boucler of the stomacke vnto the share bone. a1648Digby Closet Open. (1677) 126 Bones of rosted or boiled Beef..the Ribs, the Chine-bones, the buckler Plate-bone. 1706Phillips, Buckler of beef, a Piece cut off from the Surloin.
4. In various technical senses:
a. (see quots.)
1674Petty Disc. R. Soc. 115 Let the same [Cylinder]..be covered with a moveable Head (such as in pressing of Pilchards they call a Buckler). 1753Chambers Cycl. Supp., Buckler of a cask denotes a moveable head, whereby to compress the contents of it. In this sense we say, a buckler of pilchards. 1877Fraser's Mag. XV. 221 Afterwards the fish are..packed in wooden hogshead casks and pressed..as closely as possible together by pressing stones and bucklers.
b. Naut. (see quots.)
1832Marryat N. Forster xxxi, The cables were not yet unbent or bucklers shipped. c1850Rudim. Navig. (Weale) 101 Bucklers, pieces of elm plank barred close against the inside of the hawse-holes to prevent the water from coming in. Those used at sea, denominated Blind Bucklers, have no aperture; but those used..at anchor, and called Riding Bucklers, are made in two pieces..having a hole in the middle, large enough to admit the cable.
c. Anat., Zool., etc. Variously applied to the hard protective covering of parts of the body of different animals, as of the armadillo, the ganoid fishes, and some crustacea; spec. the anterior segment of the shell of the trilobites.
1828Stark Elem. Nat. Hist. II. 171 Alima, Leach. The body and tail extremely elongated, as well as the shell or buckler. 1843Penny Cycl. XXV. 232/1 This buckler [of the trilobites] has much analogy with the carapace of Apus. 1845Dr. Baird in Proc. Berw. Nat. Club II. xiii. 153 Copepoda..envelope consisting of a buckler, enclosing head and thorax. 1854H. Miller Footpr. Creat. iv. (1874) 43 All the ganoids of the period..have dermal bucklers placed right over their true skulls. 1855Owen Skel. & Teeth 5 In the armadillo..the trunk is protected by a large buckler of this bony armour.
†5. Phrases (sense 1): to play at bucklers, at sword and buckler: to fence; see also sword. to take up the bucklers: to enter the lists, present oneself as a champion. to deserve to carry the buckler: (with negative expressed or implied) to be worthy to be remotely compared with, = mod. ‘to be fit to hold a candle to’. to carry away the bucklers: to come off winner. to give, lay down, yield the bucklers: to own oneself beaten. Obs.
a1500Rel. Ant. I. 83, iiij and xxte. oxon playing at the sword and bokeler. 1592Greene Disput. Wks. 1881–3 X. 222 Giuing you the bucklers at this weapon, let me haue a blow with you at another. 1593Tell-trothe's N.Y. Gift 30 That could play at bucklers So soone as she was past her cradell. 1607Topsell Serpents 644 Severus side carryed away the bucklers. 1640Bp. Hall Episc. i. §11. 48 When he can..prove it not Apostolike..we shall give him the Bucklers. 1649Selden Laws Eng. i. lix. (1739) 109 The Clergy took up the Bucklers, and beat both King and Commons to a Retreat. 1642Sir T. Browne Relig. Med. 47 One that deserves to carry the Buckler unto Sampson. 1654Gataker Disc. Apol. 3, I shal herein willinglie yeeld him the bucklers;..I confess, he hath the better of me. 1679M. Prance Addit. Narr. Pop. Plot 45 After much bandying on every side, the Jesuite was fain to lay down the Bucklers. 1691Wood Ath. Oxon. II. 61 John dying before he could make a reply..Dr. Franc. White took up the bucklers. 1709Steele Tatler No. 31. ⁋3 They fought at Sword and Buckler.
6. Comb., as buckler-maker; also buckler-beak, a fossil ganoid with a beak-shaped upper jaw; buckler-fern, the genus Aspidium; † buckler-hand, the left hand; buckler-head, the fossil fish Cephalaspis; buckler-headed, having a head like a buckler; buckler-mustard, Biscutella auriculata; buckler-play, -playing, -player, fencing, a fencer; buckler-thorn, Rhamnus Paliurus aculeatus.
1882Proc. Berw. Nat. Club IX. iii. 441 The *buckler ferns (Lastrea dilatata) of themselves forming a splendid shade.
1677Hobbes Homer 238 Weari'd was thereby his *buckler-hand.
1847Carpenter Zool. §587 In the Cephalaspis (or *buckler-head).
1415in York Myst. Introd. 23 *Bukler-makers. 1483Cath. Angl. 36 A Bock[el]ere maker, peltarius. c1500Cocke Lorell's B. (1843) 9 Bokeler makers, dyers, and lether sellers.
a1560Rolland Crt. Venus iv. 598 Bot *buklar play was thair sport most frequent. 1722De Foe Hist. Plague (1840) 47 Singing of Ballads, Buckler play, or such like causes of Assemblies of People, be utterly prohibited.
1448J. Shillingford Lett. (1871) 68 Ever stonde yn defence as a *bokeler player.
1468Medulla Gram., Gladiatura, a *bokeler pleyng.
1562Turner Herbal ii. 115, I knowe no Englishe name for it [Rhamnus]. But it maye be called ether Christes thorne or *buklars thorne. 1706in Phillips; hence in Bailey, Johnson, etc.
▪ III. buckler, v.|ˈbʌklə(r)|
[f. prec.]
1. trans. To act as a buckler to; to shield, defend, protect.
1590Marlowe Edw. II, i. iv. 579 'Tis not the king can buckler Gaveston. 1593Shakes. 3 Hen. VI, iii. iii. 99 Can Oxford..Now buckler Falsehood with a Pedigree? 1861J. Sheppard Fall Rome iv. 227 These new nationalities..bucklered the Empire against their [the Avars'] blows.
†2. trans. To ward or catch (blows).
1593Shakes. 3 Hen. VI, i. iv. 50, I will..buckler with thee blowes twice two for one. |