| 释义 |
purveyor|pəˈveɪə(r)|
Forms: see below.
[a. AF. purveür, -our, = OF. por-, pur-, pour-, proveor, -veour, -v(e)eur, -voieor (13th c. in Godef.), in mod.F. pourvoyeur, agent-n. from OF. porveeir, mod.F. pourvoir: see purvey v. and -or. The forms in pro- were assimilated to L. prōvidēre. Orig. stressed purveˈour, whence ˈpurveour, ˈpurvior; later conformed to purvey as purˈveyor.]
A. Illustration of Forms.
α1 4 purveür, -vaour, 4–5 pur-, pourveˈour.
a1300Cursor M. 4607 (Cott.) Do gett þe a god purueur [F. puruaour, G. purueour]. a1300[see B. 1]. 1390Pourveour [see B. 3]. 1448Purueour [see B. 1].
α2 4 porveyˈour, purveyowr, -va(y)our, 4–7 -veyour, -e, 5–7 -veiour, -e, -veior, (7 pourveyour, -veyor), 6– purˈveyor.
1340Ayenb. 100 He ys uader, he is diȝtere and gouernour and porueyour to his mayne. c1375Cursor M. 4337 (Fairf.) Joseph þat noble puruayour. a1430Ibid. 11003 (Laud) Right was that the purveyoure Shuld come by-fore the Sauyoure. 1542Udall Erasm. Apoph. 287 Pompeius beeyng declared in woordes & in title the purveiour of corne. 1572in Feuillerat Revels Q. Eliz. (1908) 164 As the purveior compounded. 1585Abp. Sandys Serm. on Matt. xxi. 12 §13 God is no purueyor for theeues and robbers. 1653Holcroft Procopius ii. 64 The Pourveyor of the expence of the army. 1658Phillips, Pourveyour,..an Officer of the King, or other great personage.
α3 4–5 ˈpurvyour, 5 -viowre, 5–6 -viour, 6 vior, Sc. -vyar.
1399Langl. Rich. Redeles iv. 13 To paie þe pore peple þat his puruyours toke, withoute preiere at a parlement. c1440Promp. Parv. 417/2 Purviowre, provisor, procurator. a1548Hall Chron., Hen. VI 161 Like a spedy purvior, whiche slacketh not tyme. 1569Nottingham Rec. IV. 132 Gevyn..to the Quen of Scottes purvyar ij s.
β. 4 purvayer, 5–7 -veier, -veyer, 7 pur-, pourvoyer.
c1375Cursor M. 13208 (Fairf.) For-þi is he calde cristis puruayer. c1449Purueier [see B. 2]. 1579–80North Plutarch, Marius (1895) III. 217 Purveyer for all necessarie provision. 1600J. Pory tr. Leo's Africa ii. 81 They haue certaine Caters and purueiers among them. 1666J. Davies Hist. Caribby Isles 186 The Carribbians were as it were the Pourvoyers of the French. 1683Apol. Prot. France iv. 27 His Purvoyer could find no room for him in the Castle.
γ. 4–5 provyour, -wyour, -weour, -wour, -uour, -wor, -wer.
1377Langl. P. Pl. B. xix. 255 My prowor & my plowman Piers shal ben on erthe [v.rr. proweour, pourveour, prowyour; 1393 C. xxii. 260 prowour, prouour]. 1387Provyour [see B. 1]. c1449Pecock Repr. iv. viii. 468 Crist..oure beest prower ordeyned al that was best for us to haue.
B. Signification.
†1. One who makes preparation or prearrangement; a manager, director, steward. Obs.
a1300Cursor M. 4337 (Cott.) Joseph, þat was god purueur [v.rr. -uayour, -ueour] A dai he went in to þe bour. 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) VIII. 147 As it were to þe comoun provyour of alle [L. communi cunctorum provisori]. 1448Hen. VI in Willis & Clark Cambridge (1886) I. 378 For .ij. purueours either of theym at .vj.d. by day.
2. One who procures or supplies anything necessary, or something specified, to or for others.
In commercial use; One who makes it his business to provide or supply victuals, etc., esp. one who provides luncheons, dinners, etc., on a large scale or for a large number; also in such denominations as ‘Purveyor to their Majesties’, or ‘to the Royal Household’, ‘Universal Purveyor’, etc.
1340[see A. α2]. c1449Pecock Repr. 468 The wijsist purueier and tendirist louer. 1570–6Lambarde Peramb. Kent (1826) 461 This man served the parson as Purveyour of his poultrie. 1635Quarles Embl. v. vi. 14 (1718) 269, I love the sea; she is my fellow-creature, My careful purveyor: she provides me store. 1725De Foe Voy. round World (1840) 312 The Spaniard..was their guide himself, and their purveyor also. 1815W. H. Ireland Scribbleomania 127 b, Mr. Allingham has not proved himself an indolent purveyor for the dramatic corps. 1875Jowett Plato (ed. 2) III. 240 A shoe⁓maker, or perhaps some other purveyor to our bodily wants. 1891Daily News 15 July 3/3 Mr. Morton moved to reduce the vote by 50l. allowance to the purveyor of luncheons.
b. An official charged with the supply of requisites or of some necessary to a garrison, army, city, or the like; † in quots. 1787–91 an officer who provided timber for the navy (obs.).
1475Bk. Noblesse (Roxb.) 68, I fynde by hys bokes of hys purveours how yn every castelle, forteresse, and cyte or towne he wolde hafe grete providence of vitaille. 1601Holland Pliny I. 175 To heare of the Treasurer and purveiour generall of the armie in Armenia. 1787G. White Selborne i, The oaks of Temple and Blackmoor stand high in the estimation of purveyors, and have furnished much naval timber. 1791Gilpin Forest Scenery ii. 22 Besides these ancient officers of the forest, there is one of later institution... He is called the purveyor, and is appointed by the commissioner of the dock at Portsmouth. His business is to assign timber for the use of the navy. 1809Wellington Let. 13 Dec. in Gurwood Desp. V. 365 The usual allowances, which the Purveyor General of the British Army will pay. 1868E. Edwards Ralegh I. xii. 232 Both Essex and Ralegh acted as purveyors of the fleet. 1883Fortn. Rev. July 122 The Purveyor-in-Chief was to furnish everything required for the hospital service.
3. A domestic officer who made purveyance of necessaries, lodging, transport, and the like for the sovereign (king's purveyor or queen's purveyor), or for some other great personage. Also transf. one who exacts supplies or contributions. Now Hist.
[1360Act 36 Edw. III, c. 2 Que le heignous noun de purveour soit chaunge & nome achatour.] 1390Gower Conf. II. 194 He is overal A pourveour and an aspie. 1399[see A. α3]. 14..Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 581/17 Exactor, a Puruyour. c1440Jacob's Well 189 As a purveyour goth be-forn to takyn an jn for his mayster. a1592Greene Jas. IV iii. ii, I must needes haue your maisters horses... I am the Kings Purueyer, and I tell thee I will haue them. 1656Blount Glossogr., Purveyor, an Officer of the King or other great Personage, that provides Corn and other Victual for the house of him whose Officer he is. 1821Scott Kenilw. xxv, The Queen's purveyors had been abroad, sweeping the farms and villages of those articles usually exacted during a royal Progress. 1875Stubbs Const. Hist. II. xvi. 415 The hated name of purveyor was [1360] to be exchanged for that of buyer.
Hence purˈveyoress, a female purveyor.
1611Cotgr., Pourvoyeuse, a Prouideresse, or Purueyeresse. |