| 释义 |
▪ I. scripture, n.|ˈskrɪptjʊə(r)|
Forms: 4–6 scriptur, scrypture, 5 scryptour, skreptour, skrypt(o)ur, 5–7 scriptour, 6 scriptuir, scriptor, scryptor, skrypture, skripture, scriture, 4– scripture.
[ad. L. scrīptūra writing, f. scrīpt-, scrībĕre to write: see -ure. Cf. OF. escriture, also written escripture (mod.F. écriture), Sp., Pg. escritura, It. scrittura.]
1. (Usually with capital initial.)
a. The sacred writings of the Old or New Testament, or (more usually) of both together; Holy Writ; the Bible. Often with holy prefixed.
(α) Scripture (without demonstrative).
a1300Cursor M. 327 For-þi es godd, als sais scripture. c1400Rom. Rose 6452 And this ageyns holy scripture. 1447O. Bokenham Seyntys Prol. 60 (Horstm.) And to thys manyfold of nature Exaunplys accordyth weel scrypture. c1485Digby Plays, Mary Magd. 1522 And on þe sonday, he gan rest take, as skryptur declarytt pleyn. c15111st Eng. Bk. Amer. (Arb.) Introd. 31 They haue theyr scrypture in ye Greekes speche. 1565Stapleton tr. Staphylus' Apol. 167 He acknowledgeth the bookes off the Machabees for Scripture. 1596Shakes. Merch. V. i. iii. 99 Marke you this Bassanio, The diuell can cite Scripture for his purpose. 1638Chillingworth Relig. Prot. i. ii. 54 Scripture is as perfect a rule of Faith as a writing can be. 1746Hervey Medit. (1818) 53 Every page of scripture will sanctify thy passion. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. i. I. 82 The extreme Puritan..employed, on every occasion, the imagery and style of Scripture. 1852Manning Grounds of Faith ii. 28 Holy Scripture is Holy Scripture only in the right sense of Holy Scripture. 1888Encycl. Brit. XXIII. 264 The revelation of God in nature is presupposed by that in Scripture.
(β) the (Holy) Scripture. Now rare.
a1300Cursor M. 22168 Queþer þat he be crist or nai, Þat þai of here þe scriptur sai. a1450Knt. de la Tour lxxxii. (1906) 105 Ensaumple is of Sarra, whom the scripture hathe in gret Recommendation. 1676Glanvill Ess. Philos. & Relig. v. 24 That there is a God; or, That the Scripture is his Word. 1741Johnson Morin in Gentl. Mag. XI. 377/2 After his Return [from Mass] he read the Holy Scripture, dined at eleven [etc.]. 1831Scott Ct. Rob. xxviii, I have..renounced what the Scripture calls the pride of life.
(γ) pl. the (Holy) Scriptures. († In early use also without article.)
1382Wyclif John v. 39 Seke ȝe scripturis. 1526Tindale 1 Cor. xv. 4 Accordynge to the scriptures [1382 Wyclif vp the scripturis, 1388 after scripturis]. c1560A. Scott Poems (E.E.T.S.) i. 171 Caus everye stait to þair vocatioun go, Scolastick men þe scriptouris to descrywe, And maiestratis to vse þe swerd also. 1651Hobbes Leviath. iii. xxxiii. 206 The Scriptures are not made Laws, by the Universall Church. 1704Nelson Fest. & Fasts xviii. (1739) 229 The Perfection and Perspicuity of the holy Scriptures. 1782Priestley Nat. & Rev. Relig. I. Pref. 35, I would teach the knowledge of the scriptures only. 1831Scott Ct. Rob. i, But while many of the converts were turning meekly towards their new creed, some..were limiting the Scriptures by their own devices. 1871E. F. Burr Ad Fidem i. 7 The Scriptures, illuminators of mankind.
b. A particular passage or text of the Bible. Now rare (after biblical use).
1382Wyclif Mark xii. 10 Wher ȝe han not rad this scripture [so all later versions], The stoon the which [etc.]. 1565Allen Defence Purg. xvii. 283 For which we haue broughte diuerse scriptures, all construed by most learned fathers for that sense. 1607R. Wilkinson Serm. Whitehall 1 This whole chapter is a scripture written for women. 1818Scott Hrt. Midl. xxvii, I have marked a scripture..that will be useful to us baith. 1845Kitto Cycl. Bibl. Lit. s.v. Scribes, At the close of this striking Scripture our Lord thus describes these men. 1864Tennyson Aylmer's F. 44 Worse than had he heard his priest Preach an inverted scripture, sons of men Daughters of God.
c. Something as surely true as Holy Scripture; = gospel n. 4.
1573G. Harvey Common-pl. Bk. (Camden) 10 Marri not so, that I can strait wai take it for scripture what soeuer he hath giun his wurd for.
d. sing. or pl. Sacred writings or records.
1581Marbeck Bk. of Notes 257 A Councell..decreed..that no Scripture be read in the Church, but Canonicall. 1764Gibbon Misc. Wks. (1814) IV. 358 His [Homer's] works and those of his successors were the scriptures of the nation. 1841Elphinstone Hist. India I. v. 225 The system..professes to be founded on the authority of the Védas, and appeals for proofs to texts from those Scriptures. 1854Thoreau Walden (1884) 116 Most men do not know that any nation but the Hebrews have had a scripture.
e. fig. and allusively.
1742Young Nt. Th. ix. 644 'Tis elder Scripture, writ by God's own hand; Scripture authentic! uncorrupt by man. 1774Burke Sp. Amer. Tax. Wks. II. 369 Here, Sir, is a canonical book of ministerial scripture; the general epistle to the Americans. 1839–48Bailey Festus 281 Festus. What are ye orbs? The words of God—the Scriptures of the skies? 1908W. Raleigh in S. Lee's Shaks. Tr. & Cr. Introd. 16 This scripture [Guido's History of Troy] was divulged in England, for the benefit of the men of Shakespeare's time, in two principal versions.
f. The study of the Bible and the Christian religion as a school subject; a scripture lesson.
1927M. de la Roche Jalna xiv. 165 When the time came for questions and examinations in Scripture, Finch..usually stood at the foot of the class. 1931‘G. Trevor’ Murder at School ii. 32 Ellington had to rush away to take a class in scripture. 1963Barnard & Lauwerys Handbk. Brit. Educ. Terms 162 Religious Instruction/Education... Other terms are ‘Religious knowledge’, ‘Divinity’, and ‘Scripture’. 1968G. Mitchell Three Quick & Five Dead i. 24 ‘Edward teaches history and something he calls R.K.’ ‘Religious Knowledge,’ said Laura. ‘They used to call it Scripture in my young days.’ 1977D. Kossoff You have a Minute, Lord? 45, I went to a trade school,..where poetry was not offered..and ‘Scripture’ was unknown.
2. The action or art of writing; handwriting, penmanship. Also concr. written characters. Now rare.
1432–50tr. Higden (Rolls) II. 255 Somme men have chaungede the names for feirenesse of scripture. 1426–7in Cal. Proc. Chanc. Q. Eliz. I. (1827) Introd. 21 Symkyn hathe had the hole scripture rased of a chartre undre the seal of armez of my lord of York. 1471Ripley Comp. Alch. Recapit. i. in Ashm. (1652) 186 By Fygures, and by Colors, and by Scrypture playne. 1535Coverdale Ezra iv. 7 The scripture of y⊇ letter was wrytten in the Syrians speach. 1847Disraeli Tancred ii. xii, The handwriting was of that form of scripture which attracts; refined yet energetic; full of character. 1875Ruskin Fors Clav. lviii. 295 The wooden blocks of Germany abolished the art of scripture.
3. An inscription or superscription; a motto, legend, or posy. Also, in generalized use, inscribed words. Obs. exc. arch.
13..E.E. Allit. P. B. 1546 When hit þe scrypture hade scraped wyth a strof penne. c1374Chaucer Troylus iii. 1369 Sone after this they speke of sondry thinges, As fil to purpos of this aventure, And pleyinge entrechaungeden hir ringes, Of which I can nought tellen no scripture. 1420Hen. V Let. in Rymer Fœdera (1709) IX. 907/2 As touching the Scripture of the Seeles, us seemeth that this word Regent may be owte wel ynogh. c1440Gesta Rom. xxxii. 123 (Add. MS.), On the balle was this scripture written, he that shall pleye with me [etc.]. 1447O. Bokenham Seyntys x. 234 (Horstm.) In hys hand holdyng a scrypture, Wych wrytyn was wyt lettrys of gold. 1463Bury Wills (Camden) 40 My owune seel of silvir, therin a egle with scripture. 1533J. Coke in Ellis Orig. Lett. Ser. ii. II. 44 With a scripture over her head, saiyng that Love was lighter then a fether. 1540Test. Ebor. (Surtees) VI. 98 For my grave a picture of latten..with scriptur about it and the iiij evangelistes. 1556Chron. Grey Friars (Camden) 90 The xviij. day of the same monyth [July 1554] stode a man on the pyllery..with a paper and a scryptor on hys hed, that was consentynge there-to. a1600Flodden F. iv. (1664) 32 A certain scrall, whose scripture said, Jack of Norfolk be not too bold. 1771Antiq. Sarisb. 199 Three fair basons,..with a Scripture, Orate pro anima Will. Normanton. 1900Hope in Yorks. Archæol. Jrnl. XV. 296 A scroll with this scripture..Benedicite fontes Domino.
4. a. A written record or composition; pl. writings. Obs. exc. arch.
Sometimes with more or less allusion to sense 1; cf. 1 d, 1 e.
1382Wyclif Isa. xxxviii. 9 The scripture of Ezechie, king of Juda. c1386Chaucer Knt.'s T. 1186 And over his heed ther shynen two figures Of sterres, that been cleped in scriptures, That oon Puella, that other Rubeus. a1400–50Alexander 2119 (Ashmole) Scamandra þe slire flode þe scriptour it callis. c1450Lovelich Merlin 5799 So now we knowen be that scripture of these aventures. 1611Shakes. Cymb. iii. iv. 83 What is heere, The Scriptures of the Loyall Leonatus, All turn'd to Heresie? 1755Smollett Quix. (1803) II. 239, I am not so well read in the scriptures of errantry as your worship. 1845Trench Huls. Lect. i. 15 Through a Scripture alone, that is, through a written record, could any great epoch..transmit itself unimpaired to the after world. 1876Swinburne Erechtheus 517, I had made no question of thine eyes or heart, Nor spared to read the scriptures in them writ, Wert thou my son.
†b. In generalized use: Written composition.
1390Gower Conf. II. 89 Thei that writen the scripture Of Grek, Arabe, and of Caldee. c1430Lydg. Min. Poems (Percy Soc.) 5 But for to tellyng alle the circumstaunces..Conveyed be scripture with fulle grete excellense; Alle to declare, I have noone eloquence. 1430–40― Bochas i. xv. (1494) e iij, And as poetis recorde by scripture He callyd was the faire adonydes. 1534Ld. Berners Gold. Bk. M. Aurel. (1546) C iiij, There haue bene many famous and renoumed by scripture and lerning. 1595Locrine i. ii. 34, I will dite an aliquant loue-pistle to her, and then she hearing the grand verbositie of my scripture, will loue me presently.
†c. in scripture: in writing; on record. Obs.
c1374Chaucer Boeth. i. pr. iv. (1868) 17, I haue put it in scripture and remembraunce. c1470Harding Chron. lxxiii. xix, The Secretorye shulde put it in scrypture. 1535Coverdale Ecclus. xliv. 5 They..brought forth the pleasaunt songes in scripture. 1571Campion Hist. Irel. ii. vii. (1633) 99 It shall never bee chronicled, nor remaine in scripture,..that Ireland was lost by my negligence. 1609Bible (Douay) 1 Macc. xii. 21 It is found in Scripture of the Spartians, and the Jewes that they are bretheren.
5. attrib. and Comb.
a. Simple attributive, with the sense ‘of or pertaining to Holy Scripture’, as in Scripture-lesson, scripture light, scripture mine, scripture sword; ‘recorded in Holy Scripture’, as in Scripture account, scripture history, scripture miracle, scripture saint, scripture story.
1718Atterbury Serm. (1734) I. 195 The *Scripture Accounts of these things are short.
1693J. Edwards Author. O. & N. Test. I. 305 Mr. Selden..avers that the most impious Customs among the Gentiles had their Original from *Scripture-History. 1821Scott Kenilw. iii, Scenes taken from Scripture history.
1867W. L. Collins Public Schools 56 There is a *Scripture or Greek Testament lesson at 4.
1627Sanderson Serm. (1681) I. 262 By reason of the darkness of their understandings, and the want of *Scripture-light. 1781Cowper Hope 298 That cannot bear the blaze of scripture light.
1781― Retirem. 698 Strong judgment lab'ring in the *scripture mine.
1751J. Brown Ess. on Shaftesbury's Charac. 284 This seems to be the true light, in which the evidence arising from the *scripture-miracles ought to be placed.
1671Woodhead St. Teresa i. Pref. 12 The Prayers of the greatest and most illuminated *Scripture-Saints are rather frequent.
1711Steele Spect. No. 142 ⁋2 The Tapestry Hangings, with the great and venerable Simplicity of the *Scripture Stories, had [etc.].
1736Gentl. Mag. VII. 345/1 The World assails thee with ambition, wield Thy *scripture-sword.
b. attrib., passing into adj., with the senses ‘used in or adopted from Holy Scripture’, as in Scripture expression, scripture language, scripture name, scripture phrase, † scripture speaking, scripture style, scripture word; ‘derived from, prescribed by, or conformable to Holy Scripture, scriptural’, as in Scripture church, scripture doctrine, scripture notion, scripture proof, scripture rule, scripture view, scripture warrant.
1720–1Lett. fr. Mist's Jrnl. (1722) II. 94 One might justly have expected, that their Opposition to the *Scripture Church should have been clearly demonstrated, from the Writings of the New Testament.
1712S. Clarke (title) The *Scripture Doctrine of the Trinity.
1658Sir T. Browne Hydriot. i. 2 Collectible from *Scripture-expression. 1791Boswell Johnson an. 1773, 3 Apr., A scripture expression may be used, like a highly classical phrase, to produce an instantaneous strong impression.
1745J. Mason Self-Knowl. i. iii. (1853) 33 A good and a bad Principle, (called in *Scripture-Language the Flesh and the Spirit).
1713Steele Guardian No. 132/4 When thou art converted, thou must take to thee a *Scripture-Name. 1861Mrs. Stowe Pearl Orr's Isl. iv. 24 Miss Jones..called her twins Tiglath-Pileser and Shalmaneser—Scriptur' names both, but I never liked 'em.
1659Pearson Creed 353 For in this particular the *Scripture-notion of priority excludeth an antecedent, but inferreth not a consequent.
1649Milton Eikon. i. 10 The lip-work of every Prelatical Liturgist, clapt together, and quilted out of *Scripture phrase. 1827[Apperley] Turf (1852) 125 The Scripture phrase..is now every day being verified, the race not being to the swift.
1594Hooker Eccl. Pol. ii. vii. §9 *Scripture-proofe..in strength & value exceedeth all.
1672Disc. Conc. Evang. Love 68 The sentence of Natural Reason, or *Scripture-Rule. 1834Tracts for Times No. 22. 7 To try this Athanasian Creed by Scripture rules.
1617Hieron Wks. (1620) II. 369 The last clause, ‘Thou wilt not despise’, is to be obserued also, as being such which, in *Scripture-speaking, betokeneth more then is expressed.
1686[Hickes] Spec. B. Virg. 30 S. Ignatius..mentions her by the name of plain Mary in the *Scripture-stile.
1791Fash. World 216 From a *scripture view of what real religion is. 1834Tracts for Times No. 24 (title) The Scripture View of the Apostolic Commission.
1818Scott Rob Roy xix, The bits o' stane idols were broken in pieces by *Scripture warrant.
1626Bacon Sylva §948 There are vsed also *Scripture-Words. 1851Pusey Let. Bp. London (ed. 3) 127/1 That wide-opened Hand, trickling (in Scripture-words) with ‘the Blood of God’.
c. Objective and objective-genitive, as in Scripture knowledge, scripture quoter, scripture scorning (adj.), scripture searcher; adverbial, as in Scripture diviner, scripture learned adj. (hence scripture-learnedness), scripture-read adj.
1826W. E. Andrews Exam. Fox's Cal. Prot. Saints 253 His list of heterogeneous fanatics and *scripture-diviners.
1661Boyle Style of Script. (1675) 140 Every new degree of *Scripture-knowledge.
1579W. Wilkinson Confut. Fam. Love A ij b, Vnto which..holy annoynting no conceited *Scripturelearned or Doctour of the letter..hath in these days attained. 1607T. Rogers 39 Art. vi. (1625) 28 In whose bookes nothing is more frequent then the tearming of Gods reuerend ministers, and preachers, Scripture-learned.
1608H. Clapham Errour Right Hand 49 Leaue your *Scripture-learnednesse, and submit your selfe to the spirit of Loue.
1828P. Cunningham N.S. Wales (ed. 3) II. 268 [In women-convict ships] there was not a single *Scripture-quoter, such as we find in men-ships.
1888Doughty Arab. Des. I. 144 Great *scripture-read scholars.
1593Nashe Christ's T. 58 Bold blasphemies and *Scripture-scorning ironies against God.
1844Ld. Leigh Walks in Country 129 The humble *scripture-searcher prays for grace.
d. Special combinations: Scripture Janus nonce-wd., one who quotes Holy Scripture ‘both ways’; † Scripture-proof a., secured by Holy Scripture; Scripture reader, (a) a reader of the Scriptures; so Scripture-reading; (b) one who is employed to read the Bible to the uneducated poor in their own houses (Obs. exc. Hist.); Scripture-wort, letter-lichen.
1715Pittis Life Radcliffe 53, I cannot be induc'd to love a *Scripture-Janus, such as is the Arch-Bishop of Glascow.
1641Sanderson Serm. (1681) II. 5 When their doctrines were found not to be *Scripture-proof. 1647Trapp Comm. 1 Cor. ii. (1656) 663 Our whole preaching must be Scripture-proof, or it will burn, and none be the better for it.
1625T. Godwin Moses & Aaron i. ix. 43 They had their name..Karaim,..or *Scripture readers, because they adhered to Scripture alone. 1854Mrs. Gaskell Lett. (1966) 274 ‘Scripture readers’ are men, sent & paid by a London society to any clergyman who applies for them to help him to read the bible in his parish. 1862H. Mayhew London Labour Extra vol. (ed. 2) p. xxii, It is the special duty of the Scripture readers to visit from house to house. 1882Ogilvie, Scripture-reader, one employed to read the Bible in private houses among the poor and ignorant.
1849Stovel Canne's Necess. 55 These *scripture-reading believers in the Lord. 1856*Scripture-wort [see letter-lichen s.v. letter n.1 9]. 1866in Treas. Bot.
▪ II. † ˈscripture, v. Obs.
[f. scripture n.]
trans. To write, place on record.
c1470Harding Chron. cxlii. xv, At Newerke died, at Worcester sepultured, In chronicles, as is playnly scryptured. Ibid. cxlvii. ii, As some menne wrote the right lyne to depryue, Through great falshed made it to bee scriptured. |