| 释义 |
▪ I. scuffle, n.1|ˈskʌf(ə)l|
Also 7 skuffle.
[f. scuffle v.1]
1. A scrambling fight; an encounter with much hustling and random exchange of blows; a tussle.
Comb. scuffle-royal (nonce-wd.) after battle-royal.
1606Shakes. Ant. & Cl. i. i. 7 His Captaines heart, Which in the scuffles of great Fights hath burst The Buckles on his brest. c1645Howell Lett. (1650) I. ii. xix. 32 Ther was a scuffle lately here 'twixt the Duke of Navers and the Cardinal of Guise, who..meeting the last week..from words they fell to Blows. 1670Baxter Cure Ch.-div. (ed. 3) Pref. ii. §7 B 4, I tell you again that a battel or a foot-ball skuffle will not settle the discomposed and divided Churches. 1725De Foe New Voy. (1840) 354 There had been a scuffle among them in which one of their canoes had been overset. 1760–72H. Brooke Fool of Qual. (1809) II. 17 A scramble, boys, a scramble! Hereupon a scuffle-royal instantly ensued. 1818–19Byron Juan ii. xcii, Just like a black eye in a recent scuffle. 1876Freeman Norm. Conq. IV. xviii. 107 The victor in this struggle, a scuffle rather than a battle, again took possession of the Earldom. 1891‘J. S. Winter’ Lumley ii, A friendly scuffle between a fox-terrier pup and a fine black cat.
b. transf. and fig. Now rare. Formerly often, † a heated controversy.
1641Milton Ch. Discip. ii. 69 Such poore drifts to make a Nationall Warre of a Surplice Brabble, a Tippet-scuffle. 1662H. More Antid. Ath. I. ix. §2 (1712) 26 All those changes and varieties we see in the World are but the result of an Eternal Scuffle of coordinate Causes. 1664[see scamble n.2]. 1675Baxter Cath. Theol. i. i. 22 And here the Thomists and Scotists have another skuffle, Whether [etc.]. 1731T. Boston Mem. vii. (1899) 111 With the student above referred to I had had some scuffles on the Arminian points. 1770Burke Pres. Discont. 74 They were not afraid..that their resolution to stand or fall together should, by placemen, be interpreted into a scuffle for places.
2. The action of scuffling; confused utterance (of speech); shuffling (of feet).
1899B. Capes Lady of Darkness 260 His wry jaw and crippled scuffle of speech. 1905Treves Other Side of Lantern iv. viii. (1906) 290 The scuffle of naked feet upon the stones makes little more sound than the rustle of a snake.
▪ II. scuffle, n.2|ˈskʌf(ə)l|
[a. Du. schoffel weeding-hoe.]
1. = scuffler2.
1798J. Middleton Agric. M'sex. v. 96 Every farmer of arable land should possess himself of a scuffle... This implement is used in the same manner as a harrow: its feet cut up the weeds, and, altogether, it pulverizes the soil. 1805R. Somerville Agric. Surv. E. Lothian 69 The Horse-hoe or Scuffle..is used more or less in all drill crops. 1856‘Stonehenge’ Brit. Rural Sports i. i. v. §1. 49 Another very considerable proportion was left in rough fallow, undisturbed by the scuffle.
2. A gardener's thrust-hoe. local and U.S.
1797S. Deane Newengland Farmer (ed. 2) 95/2 Dutch Hoe, sometimes called a Scuffle; an iron instrument, with a sharp steeled edge, nearly in the shape of the letter D. 1825J. Lorain Nature & Reason harmonized in Practice of Husbandry 191 The scuffle (or D hoe as it is sometimes called) will destroy weeds growing on a level surface. 1841Hartshorne Salop. Antiq. 558 Scuffle, a hoe, chiefly used in gardens for cutting up weeds. 1848Lowell Biglow Papers Ser. i. iii, Where so much is to do in the beds, he were a sorry gardener who should wage a whole day's war with an iron scuffle on those ill weeds that make the garden-walks of life unsightly. 1879G. F. Jackson Shropsh. Word-bk., Scuffle, a garden implement used for cutting off weeds at the roots,—generally known as a Dutch hoe.
▪ III. scuffle, v.1|ˈskʌf(ə)l|
Also 6 skufle, 7 skuffle.
[A frequentative formation on a base perh. of Scandinavian origin: cf. Sw. skuff a push, skuffa to push, f. Teut. root *skuf- (skuƀ): see shove, shuffle vbs.
The Eng. scuff v. (which is later in our quots.) can hardly be directly connected; cf. however sense 5 below with scuff v. 3 b.]
1. a. intr. To struggle confusedly together or with another or others; to fight at close quarters in a disorderly manner, with pulling, pushing, and random delivery of blows; to tussle.
1590R. Harvey Pl. Perc. 6 Shall we haue neighbors children, lie skufling in the kennel together by the eares like bride well birds? 1600Holland Livy ii. 75 He..rushed amongst the thickest of the Veientians, and skuffled with many of them together. 1612Drayton Poly-olb. xii. 196, I..haue seene in former dayes The best Knights of the world, and scuffled in some frayes. 1622Beaum. & Fl. Philaster v. i, Weele skuffle [1st ed. 1620 reads shuffle] hard before he perish. 1743N. Appleton Serm. 21 They scuffle, and oftentimes quarrel as Children. 1849Alb. Smith Pottleton Leg. ix. 64 The field-mice..scuffled amongst the corn. 1852Mrs. Stowe Uncle Tom's C. xxxix, Only groans and people scuffling and rolling round on the garret-floor half the night!
b. transf. and fig. Now rare; in the 17th c. often with the sense: † To contend vigorously or resolutely.
1601Holland Pliny xxxvi. xv. II. 585 When the great men of the citie, Cæsar and Pompey, were skuffling together by the eares, hee knew well how to fish in a troubled water. 1639N. N. tr. Du Bosq's Compl. Woman i. 7 Here I must needs scuffle with two great errors. a1668R. Lassels Voy. Italy (1670) i. 99 [Genoa] is so well fortified on the other side..that they could scuffle notably in their own defence. 1678R. L'Estrange Seneca's Mor., Ep. xxviii. (1696) 614 Both at Sea and Land we Tug and Scuffle for Dominion and Wealth. 1796Burke Regic. Peace Wks. VIII. 181 Even when their perverse and litigious nature sets them to equivocate, scuffle, and fight about the terms of their written obligations. 1841Catlin N. Amer. Ind. (1844) II. lviii. 249 To scuffle for a few years upon the plains with the wild tribes,..for the flesh and the skins of the last of the buffaloes.
2. a. trans. To put on, out, up, etc. in a scrambling or confused manner.
1579Tomson Calvin's Serm. Tim. 63/1 There should be a..discipline [in the Church], to the end that matters might not be huddeled and scuffled vppe together confusedly, and without order. 1839Lett. fr. Madras (1843) 285, I had to rise and scuffle all my things out into the other half of the building..in a heavy rain. 1844Alb. Smith Adv. Mr. Ledbury xxxi. (1886) 96 Scuffling on his dressing-gown, [he] advanced towards them. 1863J. G. Wood in Intell. Observ. IV. 22 [The mole] passing the worm underneath his body from his fore to his hind feet in a very peculiar manner, scuffling it, as it were, backwards and forwards.
b. To obtain, collect, raise (money). Also with up and intr. (const. up on). slang (chiefly U.S.).
1946Mezzrow & Wolfe Really Blues (1957) 378 Scuffle up, raise, collect, get together. 1956B. Holiday Lady sings Blues (1973) vii. 66, I stayed around Philly a couple of days before I could scuffle up enough to get back to New York on the bus. 1965‘Malcolm X’ Autobiogr. (1966) xvi. 389 Trying to scuffle up on some bread. 1973Brit. Jrnl. Sociol. XXIV. 203 It is surely of immense sociological significance that when a Ras-Tafarian ‘scuffles’ a fare (he might beg, borrow or steal it), he seeks to migrate not to Ethiopia, as we would expect, but to Britain or the United States.
3. a. intr. To struggle through, on, along; hence, to go hurriedly and superficially (through or over some operation).
1784Cowper Tiroc. 340 The rude will scuffle through with ease enough, Great schools suit best the sturdy and the rough. 1844H. Stephens Book of Farm II. 218 They are usually scuffled over in the morning with the currycomb. 1844Thackeray in Punch VII. 83/2 Scuffling through our blessed meals, that we may be early on the road. 1885J. Runciman Skippers & Sh. 235 You go to school and scuffle on the best way you can.
b. To survive with difficulty, to make a bare living by uncongenial or degrading means. slang (chiefly U.S.).
1939W. Hobson Amer. Jazz Music (1940) 173 At the bottom of the economic pile are those musicians who have nothing which could accurately be called a job but are taking whatever one-night stand happens along; this is called ‘scuffling’. 1956S. Longstreet Real Jazz Old & New xviii. 147 Scuffle is to get by. 1956M. Stearns Story of Jazz (1957) xvii. 212 The Basie band was scuffling. ‘It was a cracker town but a happy time,’ Basie recalls. 1961Rigney & Smith Real Bohemia p. xvi, Scuffle, to live by one's wits, not by a gig. 1972T. Kochman Rappin' & stylin' Out 164 ‘Scuffling’ in the idiom means barely making it from day to day, generally by engaging in nonprestigious..activities such as begging, collecting and returning pop bottles for the deposit, working at odd jobs for minimum wages, etc.
4. To go in hurried confusion; to move with much effort and fuss; also trans. (causatively).
1838Lett. fr. Madras xx. (1843) 204 The bearers, Peons, and people whom I had scuffled half out of their lives to get ready in time. 1840Thackeray George Cruikshank (1869) 298 The outward rush of heroes,..scuffling at the door, is in the best style of the grotesque. 1886Ruskin Præterita I. 412 Drive the populace headlong past it as fast as they can scuffle.
5. To move with a shuffling gait; also, to shuffle (with the feet).
1825T. Hook Sayings Ser. ii. Passion & Princ. vi, The man..scuffling slipshod along the sanded floor. 1896‘Ian Maclaren’ Brier Bush 219 Is't true Elspeth scuffled wi' her feet at the laist head [of the sermon] and gar'd him close?
6. Comb.: scuffle-shoe nonce-wd., a person of ‘slipshod’ habits.
1895Meredith Amazing Marr. xxxv, So scathing was Gower's tone of irate professor to shirky scholar—or it might be put, German professor to English scuffle-shoe.
Hence ˈscuffling vbl. n. and ppl. a. Also ˈscufflingly adv.
1599Nashe Lenten Stuffe 43 This scuffling or bopeepe in the darke they had a while without weame or bracke. 1610Holland Camden's Brit. ii. 134, I may passe over with silence the skuffling skirmishes which hapned euery daie. c1622Fletcher Prophetess iv. v, Your scurvie scuffling trade. 1709Brit. Apollo II. Supernum. No. 2. 3/2 They had a scuffling for it. 1796Southey Lett. fr. Spain (1799) 351 A noise like scuffling of feet. 1868M. E. Braddon Dead Sea Fr. i, The wrestling, and scuffling, and striving, and struggling of modern commerce. 1886Kipling Departm. Ditties, etc. (1899) 91 My Son, if a maiden deny thee and scufflingly bid thee give o'er. 1894― Jungle Bk. 51 The monkeys..would..fight and cry in scuffling crowds.
▪ IV. scuffle, v.2|ˈskʌf(ə)l|
[f. scuffle n.2 Cf. Du. schoffelen.]
trans. To scarify or stir the surface (of land) with a thrust-hoe or horse-hoe; to hoe (a crop), cup up (weeds), turn in (seed) by means of a scuffle or scuffler.
1766Complete Farmer s.v. Walk 7 Z 3/1 If they [sc. walks] are scuffled over with a Dutch hoe in dry weather, and raked smooth, it will destroy the moss and weeds. 1805Dickson Pract. Agric. I. Pl. x, The seed is by this implement scuffled in. 1807T. Rudge Agric. Glouc. (1813) 110 The land is immediately ‘scuffled’ or torn to pieces with the scuffler. 1863Intell. Observ. IV. 199 A labourer..scuffling turnips.
Hence ˈscuffling vbl. n. (also attrib.).
1802W. Amos Drill Husb. 243 Mellow land..requires no other preparation than scuffling, harrowing &c. 1844H. Stephens Book of Farm III. 959 The [mould-board] plough..is convertible into a scuffling or cleaning plough, or horse-hoe. Ibid., A second mortise is punched in each wing-bar to receive the scuffling coulters. |