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† bycoket Obs.
Also 5–6 byekoket, bycokett, bicokett; also erron. 6 abococket, -ed, abococke, 7 abacoc, 7–9 abacot.
[a. OF. bicoquet, bicocquet, biquoquet, cap, casque, head-dress, ‘capuce, casaque à capuchon; habituellement, coiffure militaire; quelquefois parure de femme, chaperon’ (Godef.); dim. of F. bicoque = It. bicocca little castle on a hill, Sp. bicoca a lookout; probably the original meaning, as in the diminutives and derivatives, was some kind of cap, whence transf. to a structure, topping or ‘crowning’ a height. App. f. bi- twice + cocca as in cocca del capo ‘crown of the head’ (Florio). Cf. also Sp. bicoquin a cap with two peaks, bicoquete a peasant's cap, Piedm. bicochin a priest's cap (Diez).]
A kind of cap or head-dress (peaked before and behind): a. as a military head-dress, a casque; b. as an ornamental cap or head-dress, worn by men and women.
(The two crowns [? of England and France] with which the bycoket of Henry VI was ‘garnished’ or ‘embroidered’, were, of course, no part of the ordinary bycoket.)
1464Mann. & Househ. Exp. 243 The man that browt the byekoket [of Henry VI, taken at Hexham] ffro Syre Robart Chaumbreleyn. 1488in Leland Brit. Coll. (1770) IV. 225 Having a mannes hede in a Bycokett of silver. 1494Fabyan vii. 654 The lorde John of Mountagu..chasyd Henry so nere, that he wan from hym..his bycoket, garnysshed with .ii. crownes of golde, and fret with perle and ryche stone. 1513in Archæol. XXVI. 398 A nother paire of hostynge harness..wyth a bycoket. 1819–49Lingard Hist. Eng. (1855) IV. ii. 74 His bycoket or cap of state, embroidered with two crowns of gold, and ornamented with pearls.
¶ Through a remarkable series of blunders and ignorant reproductions of error, this word appears in modern dictionaries as abacot. In Hall's Chron. a bicocket appears to have been misprinted abococket, which was copied by Grafton, altered by Holinshed to abococke, and finally ‘improved’ by Abraham Fleming to abacot (perhaps through an intermediate abacoc); hence it was again copied by Baker, inserted in his Glossarium by Spelman, and thence copied by Phillips, and so handed down through Bailey, Ash, Todd, etc., to 19th century dictionaries (some of which provide a picture of the ‘abacot’), and even inserted in dictionaries of English and foreign languages.
1548Hall Chron. Edw. IV an. 2 One of them had on his hed the said Kyng Henrie's helmet (some say his high cap of estate), called abococked [ed. 1550 abococket], garnished with two riche Crownes. 1568Grafton Chron. II. 661 His high Cap of estate, called Abococket. 1577Holinshed Chron. 1314 His highe cappe of estate, called abococke. 1587Ibid. (ed. Fleming) called Abacot. 1664Spelman Gloss., Abacot: pileus augustalis Regum Anglorum 2 coronis insignitum V. Chron. An. 1463, Ed. 4, pag. 666, col. 2, l. 27 [i.e. Holinshed]. 1696Phillips, Abacoc [1706 Abacot], the Regal Cap of Maintenance of the Kings of England adorn'd with two Crowns. 1721Bailey, Abacot, a Cap of State, made like a double Crown, worn anciently by the Kings of England. 1775in Ash. 1810New Dict. Germ. Lang., Abacot, die Staatsmütze, der Hauptschmuck der alten Engl. Könige. 1818in Todd. 1882Lascarides Eng. Grk. Lex., Abacot, τῆς κεϕαλῆς κάλυµµα. |