| 释义 |
sealed, ppl. a.|siːld|
[f. seal v.1 + -ed1.]
1. a. Bearing the impression of a signet in wax (or other material), as evidence or guarantee of authenticity.
a1225Leg. Kath. 407, & sende iseelede writes wið his ahne kinering. c1386Chaucer Man of Law's T. 736 Lo, heere the lettres seled of this thing. c15111st Eng. Bk. Amer. (Arb.) Introd. 32/1 Also certefye yow with our lettres sealed. 1602Shakes. Ham. i. i. 87 A Seal'd Compact, Well ratified by Law, and Heraldrie. 1654Sir E. Nicholas in N. Papers (Camden) II. 263 Wee have had much talke in Paris upon a project of sealed paper, wherein all contracts and legall busines should be written. 1905Daily Chron. 29 June 2/2 Spanish ‘sealed’ bonds..were better at the close.
b. Of weights and measures: Stamped with a mark affixed by a duly appointed officer as a guarantee of accuracy.
1522Coventry Leet-bk. 683 Ordained that all bruers & Typlers order them-selffe to sell ther ale with Sealyd Mesures soche as byn ordenyd. 1573Tusser Husb. (1878) 38 Beame, scales, with the weights, that be sealed and true.
c. fig.
a1619M. Fotherby Atheom. ii. xi. §4 (1622) 318 A sealed and infallible truth. 1637Rutherford Lett. (1664) 111 Concluded & sealed Salvation may goe through & be ended. 1664H. More Myst. Iniq. ii. ii. vi. 373 Those true Members and marked or sealed Souldiers of Christ. Ibid., The 144 thousand sealed Servants of God.
†d. sealed earth [med.L. terra sigillata, Gr. σϕραγίς, σϕραγῖτις]: a medicinal earth found in the Island of Lemnos, believed to possess antitoxic properties, sold by apothecaries in cubical blocks bearing a stamp, formerly an impression of the head of Artemis. Also any earth resembling this, in appearance or properties. Obs.
1526Grete Herball ccccxliv. (1529) Z v, Sealed erthe is of grete vertue to staunche. 1693Phil. Trans. XVII. 932 Our Author takes notice of Nine sorts of sealed Earths, which he hath observed to be sold by the Drugists of London, under the Title of Terra Sigillata. 1762tr. Busching's Syst. Geog. V. 415 The principal of these are its good clay and sealed earth, as also its silver.
†e. sealed porter: a porter having the sealed licence of one of the companies of porters. Obs.
1625B. Jonson Staple of N. v. iii, I know he was a Porter, And a seal'd Porter for he bore the badge On brest I am sure.
f. Nat. Hist. In specific names: Bearing a mark resembling a seal.
1803Shaw Gen. Zool. IV. 474 Sealed Sparus, Sparus Sigillatus..marked on each side by a longitudinal paler stripe and a yellow-red ellipse behind each eye.
g. sealed book: any of the printed copies of the authentic Book of Common Prayer of 1662 certified under the Great Seal and deposited as a standard in Cathedrals and Collegiate Churches. (To be distinguished from the Annexed Book, which is the MS. copy of the Book of Common Prayer annexed to the official copy of the Act of Uniformity of 1662 preserved in the House of Lords.)
1710Nicholls (title) A Comment on the Book of Common Prayer... The text of the whole being compared and amended according to the sealed Books. 1849Stephens (title) The Book of Common Prayer... The text taken from the Sealed Book for the Chancery and collated with the Sealed Books for the King's Bench [etc.].
h. sealed pattern: in British military and naval use, a pattern (e.g. of a weapon or other article of equipment) accepted by the War Office or the Admiralty.
1850[see bull's wool, bullswool s.v. bull n.1 11]. 1902Words of Eyewitness 233 A useful lot, thinks Colonel Jones, but somewhat of an anxiety to his sealed-pattern soldier's mind.
i. Sealed Knot, the name of an organization which re-enacts battles of the English Civil War for pleasure and charitable purposes.
The name is taken from a secret Royalist organization of the mid-seventeenth-century dedicated to the Restoration of the Stuart line.
1971Certificate of Incorporation No. 1014700, I hereby certify that The Sealed Knot Limited is this day incorporated under the Companies Acts 1948 to 1967 and that the Company is limited. Given under my hand at London the 17th June 1971. 1976A. Price War Game i. iii. 71 There are a number of these Civil War groups—the Sealed Knot was the first one. 1978R. Westall Devil on Road ii. 7 I'd heard about the Sealed Knot. Guys..poncing around in Cavalier gear, losing the Civil War all over again.
2. a. Fastened with a seal; closed in such a manner that access (to the contents) is impossible without breaking the fastening. sealed orders: written directions given to the commander of a vessel concerning the destination of a voyage, which are not to be opened until the vessel has left port. sealed verdict: a verdict delivered in a sealed packet in the absence of a judge. Also of a railway train or carriage: closed to entry or exit, or admitting restricted movement, during its journey (with allusion to Lenin's passage from Finland to Russia in 1917 in a train ‘sealed’ to prevent contact with German citizens).
a1400–50Alexander 5100 Þan sendis scho to him sandismen with selid lettris. c1450Mirour Saluacioun (Roxb.) 2 And eke y⊇ seled welle [Song Sol. iv. 12]..and Balaam sterre. 1611Bible Transl. Pref. 4 That person mentioned by Esay, to whom when a sealed booke was deliuered [etc.]. 1615R. Cocks Diary (Hakl. Soc.) I. 89 He thought that Capt. Speck would be content to let hym carry our sealed letters. 1857Miller Elem. Chem., Org. (1862) 176 Berthelot found that by exposing the alcohol and the acid in sealed tubes for some hours [etc.]. 1872Lowell Dante Wks. 1890 IV. 237 Most men make the voyage of life as if they carried sealed orders which they were not to open till they were fairly in mid-ocean. 1894Fiske Holiday Stories (1900) 38 Judge Gedney says that you can bring in a sealed verdict without waiting for him. 1949Radio Times 15 July 3/1 We took a sealed train to Avonmouth, a crowded troopship out into the Atlantic. 1975M. Pearson Sealed Train vi. 90 The sealed carriage and its baggage wagon were..drawn backward toward Switzerland. Ibid. 94 As the Sealed Train steamed north, the Kaiser's troops were striving..to check the new Allied offensive. 1979O. Sela Petrograd Consignment 159 Zinoviev..has suggested that they travel through Germany in a sealed carriage, without stops.
b. fig. or in fig. context; also with up. a sealed book: often used predicatively of something involved in obscurity, or beyond a person's capacity to understand.
[1611Bible Isaiah xxix. 11 And the vision of all is become vnto you, as the wordes of a booke that is sealed.] 1814Lamb Let. 29 Aug. (1888) 278 My left arm reposes on the Excursion. I feel what it would be in quiet. It is now a sealed book. 1818Byron Juan i. xlviii, This, too, was a seal'd book to little Juan. 1840Carlyle Heroes iii. (1841) 173 Nature with her truth remains to the bad, to the selfish and the pusillanimous, forever a sealed book. 1841Borrow Zincali II. xi. iii. 107 It is no longer a sealed language. 1881A. O'Shaughnessy Songs of a Worker 171 O bearer with sealed lips of all the lore Man yearns to know. 1884W. James in Mind IX. 201 No impression penetrates to the sealed-up sensibility. 1943C. Day Lewis Word over All 17 Or a heightening At most of the sealed-up hour wherein we awaited What?
c. (See sense 2 c of the vb.)
1856B. G. Ferris Mormons at Home 114 (Bartlett 1860) The extra wives of the Mormons are called by some of them ‘spirituals’, by others sealed ones.
d. sealed-off: closed so that neither access nor egress is possible.
1926R. W. Lawson tr. Hevesy & Paneth's Man. Radioactivity ii. 19 A wider evacuated tube with sealed-off ends and thick walls. 1938New Statesman 19 Feb. 277/2 One is left wondering whether the town hall has sealed-off rooms, and whether the chief officials enter by different doors. 1963B. Fozard Instrumentation Nucl. Reactors iv. 42 For beta-particle measurements sealed-off tubes with thin end-windows can be used. 1978R. Ludlum Holcroft Covenant iii. 40 Are you telling me that two people got off that plane, walked through sealed-off corridors into the sealed-off, guarded customs area, and vanished?
e. sealed room = locked room s.v. locked ppl. a. e. Also absol. in related use. (Freq. used in detective novels.)
1939‘M. Innes’ Stop Press ii. v. 286 Mr. Eliot's was distinctly not a mystery of the sealed-room type. 1944J. D. Carr Till Death do us Part v. 52 If we have any clue to these sealed-room affairs, my guess is that there's the clue. 1971A. Morice Death of Gay Dog xii. 135 One victim and five suspects, all together in a sealed room, as the saying goes.
f. sealed-beam: applied (usu. attrib.) to a motor-vehicle headlamp in which light source, reflector, and lens form a sealed, self-contained unit.
1939Daily Progress (Charlottesville, Va.) 19 Aug. 4/1 The result of three years of cooperative effort by engineers.., the invention is described in a special story to The New York Times as ‘a ‘sealed beam’, which at once provides greatly increased range and breadth of light with stronger intensity through its high, or ‘country’, beam and reduction of glare with increased illumination of the right side of the road with its low or ‘traffic’ beam’. 1954[see prefocused ppl. a.]. 1965Economist 23 Oct. p. x/1, Lucas did not adopt sealed-beam headlights..until well after the Americans. 1972‘S. Abbey’ Bk. of Marina xi. 97 Sealed-beam units form, in effect, large bulbs, each with either one or two filaments, an integral reflector and a front lens.
g. sealed source: a pellet of radioactive material in a sealed capsule, used in radio-therapy and radiography.
1962B.S.I. News Mar. 17/2 Radiography sealed-sources—pellets of radioactive material contained in sealed capsules. 1971New Scientist 1 Apr. 26/2 The US market is estimated to be worth over $80 million a year with some..$20 million on basic radioisotopes and sealed sources.
h. Of a road: surfaced with tar macadam, etc. Cf. tar-sealed ppl. a. Chiefly Austral. and N.Z.
1938Ann. Rep. Dept. Main Roads New South Wales 1937 4 Generally, for country roads in New South Wales the sealed gravelled pavement has proved to be quite adequate. 1966Weekly News (N.Z.) 5 Dec. 47/6 It was good to be back on the sealed highway. 1969Northern Territory News (Darwin) Focus '69 11 (Advt.), Contractors for bitumen sealed surfaces across the Territory. 1977Weekly Times (Melbourne) 19 Jan. 63/7 (Advt.), Situated on sealed road handy Frankston and Dandenong. 1979B. L. C. Johnson Pakistan xii. 184/1 Roads of a high standard (sealed)..now total 27,152 km. |