| 释义 |
bygone, by-gone, ppl. a. and n.|ˈbaɪgɒn, -ɔː-|
Also Sc. 5–8 bygan(e, 6 bygo, -gonne; and 6 begonne, 7–9 byegone.
[f. by- 2 d + gone, pa. pple. of go. Cf. above-named s.v. above D. ‘A Scotch word’ (J.); but used by Shakespeare in sense 1.]
A. ppl. a. (In earlier quots. following the n.)
1. a. That has gone by, past, (of time) elapsed; that has happened or existed in past time; former.
1424Sc. Acts Jas. I (1597) §30 Gif onie [leagues] hes bene maid in time by-gane. 1452Earl Douglas in Tytler Hist. Scot. (1864) II. 387 Any actions, causes or querrels bygane. 1552Abp. Hamilton Catech. 224 To thoil temporal payne for our synnis by gane. 1611Shakes. Wint. T. i. ii. 32 This satisfaction, The by-gone-day proclaym'd, say this to him. 1788J. Powell Devises (1827) II. 315 A child subsequently born was entitled to a share in the by-gone income. 1824Carlyle W. Meister (1874) I. ii. i. 64 The scenes of his by⁓gone happiness. 1826J. Wilson Noct. Ambr. Wks. 1855 I. 168, I have not smoked a cigar for some months bygone.
†b. = ago.
a1745Swift Wks. (1841) II. 47 About five or six and forty years bygone there were certain brass tokens current.
2. a. Of human beings: Gone out of life, deceased, departed. Also transf. of plants.
1513Douglas æneis x. v. 168 The worthy actis of ȝour eldaris bygane. 1535Stewart Cron. Scot. II. 669 Herald..The eldest sone of Godowyn bygo. 1832H. T. De la Beche Geol. Man. 195 The roots..of the by-gone annuals..are matted together. 1856Kane Arct. Expl. II. xv. 159 These evidences of a bygone generation of their fathers.
b. Belonging to past times.
1869Dickens Lett. (1880) II. 413, I hate the sight of the bygone assembly-rooms.
B. n. [the ppl. adj. used ellipt.]
1. a. pl. Things that are past; esp. past offences.
1568Q. Mary in H. Campbell Love-lett. Mary Q. Scots App. 29 For good amitie, as well for bygonnes as to come, betwixt them and all our obedient subjects. 1649Bp. Guthrie Mem. (1702) 75 That bygones on both sides should be passed by. 1790Morrison Poems 135 (Jam.) All byganes are forgot and gone, And Arthur views her as his own. [See also c.]
b. Payments overdue; arrears.
1663Spalding Troub. Chas. I (1829) 25 [They] compelled the tenants..to produce their last acquittances and pay them bygones. 1721Wodrow Hist. Ch. Scot. II. 256 (Jam.) He could have no warrant for bygones [of his stipend], unless he would..conform to the established church.
c. esp. in phr. bygones are bygones, let bygones be bygones, etc. (Rarely in collect. sing.)
1636Rutherford Lett. lxii. (1862) I. 166 Pray..that byegones betwixt me and my Lord may be byegones. 1648Nethersole Parables 5 Let bygans be bygans. 1758Chesterfield Lett. (1792) IV. 147 By-gones are by-gones, as Chartres, when he was dying, said of his sins. 1837Carlyle Fr. Rev. (1871) II. v. i. 166 Bygone shall be bygone; the new Era shall begin! 1847Tennyson Princ. iv. 51 Nor is it Wiser to weep a true occasion lost, But trim our sails, and let old bygones be. 1864Burton Scot Abr. I. iii. 118 The truce..was cordially ratified; bygones were counted bygones.
d. sing. A person or thing of the past; spec. a domestic, industrial, etc., artefact of a disused kind.
1857Melville Confidence-Man xxii. 161 The working or serving man, shall be a buried by-gone, a superseded fossil. 1891Hardy Tess III. xlv. 89 Bygones would never be complete bygones until she was a bygone herself. 1897Westm. Gaz. 24 July 4/2 We would let the bygone of the Rae Mine, whatever its case, be a bygone. 1935Burlington Mag. Feb. p. xiii/2 These diverse dispersals should give a real spurt to the collecting of so-called ‘by-gones’. 1940Ibid. Dec. 173/2 Italian Maiolica, pottery and porcelain of other lands, curious and entertaining ‘bygones’ of many kinds. 1960H. Hayward Antique Coll. 52/1 Bygones, any objects no longer in use, such as obsolete agricultural implements, old-fashioned spits [etc.].
2. Past time; the past: rare.
1872W. F. Butler Gt. Lone Land iii. (1875) 24 Bunker has long passed into the bygone. 1887Sala in Illust. Lond. News 19 Mar. 306 Dealings with booksellers in the bygone. |