| 释义 |
▪ I. calenture|ˈkæləntjʊə(r)|
Also 6 calentura, 6–7 callenture.
[a. F. calenture, ad. Sp. calentura fever, f. calentar to be hot, f. L. calēnt-em hot, burning.]
1. A disease incident to sailors within the tropics, characterized by delirium in which the patient, it is said, fancies the sea to be green fields, and desires to leap into it.
The word was also used in the Spanish general sense of ‘fever’, and sometimes in that of ‘sunstroke’.
1593Nashe Christ's T. (1613) 92 Then (as the possessed with the Calentura,) thou shalt offer to leape. 1605Lond. Prodigal v. i. 277 Such men die mad as of a calenture. a1618Raleigh Rem. (1644) 223, I have suffered the most violent Calenture for fifteen dayes. a1622R. Hawkins Voy. S. Sea (1847) 43 To avoyd the calmes, which..breed calenturas, which wee call burning fevers. 1719De Foe Crusoe i. 14 In this Voyage..I was continually sick, being thrown into a violent Calenture by the excessive Heat. 1721Swift S. Sea Proj. vii, So, by a calenture misled, The mariner with rapture sees, On the smooth ocean's azure bed, Enamell'd fields and verdant trees. 1840Gen. P. Thompson Exerc. (1842) V. 455 Demanding to jump overboard like the seaman in a calenture.
2. fig. and transf. Fever; burning passion, ardour, zeal, heat, glow.
1596Nashe Saffron Walden 44 Ere hee bee come to the..raging Calentura of his wretchednes. a1631Donne Poems (1650) 158 Knowledge kindles Calentures in some. 1642Jer. Taylor Episc. (1647) 362 They were in the Calenture of primitive devotion. a1711Ken Preparat. Poet. Wks. 1721 IV. 27 Pure Chastity excells in Gust The Calentures of baneful Lust. 1841Hor. Smith Moneyed Man III. ix. 238 The mirage of a moral calenture, which conjures up unexisting objects.
Hence calentural a. (Carlyle), calenˈturist.
1823Lamb Elia, All Fools D. (1836) 96 You were founder, I take it, of the disinterested sect of the Calenturists.
▪ II. † ˈcalenture, v. Obs. rare.
[f. prec. n.]
a. trans. To infect with the calenture; hence fig. to fever, fire.
b. intr. To become hot or inflamed.
a1678Marvell Poems Wks. 1776 III. 336 Thirst of empire calentur'd his breast. 1649G. Daniel Trinarch., Rich. II, ccix, A busie Age, where euery breath Calentur's into faction. |