| 释义 |
seepage orig. Sc. and U.S.|ˈsiːpɪdʒ|
Also seipage, sepage.
[f. seep v. + -age. Cf. sipage.]
1. Percolation or oozing of water or fluid; leakage; spec. the slow movement of water into or out of the ground (as distinct from percolation through it); the slow movement of water through the ground under the action of gravity. Also, that which oozes.
1825Jamieson Suppl., Sipage, Seipage,..leakage. 1874Raymond 6th Rep. Mines 324 To allow for evaporation and seepage. 1892Gunter Miss Divid. (1893) 190 There is no seepage at this season, and we are way above the water level. 1913V. B. Lewes Oil Fuel 61 The surface indications, apart from seepages of oil, escape of natural gas from the soil, [etc.]..are practically nil. 1923U.S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper No. 494. 43 Seepage may be divided..into influent seepage..and effluent seepage. 1950N.Z. Jrnl. Agric. June 559/2 Placing concrete ‘seep collars’ round the pipe reduces the possibility of seepage. 1967R. C. Ward Princ. Hydrol. viii. 311 Most of the rainfall which percolates through the soil layer to the underlying groundwater will eventually reach the main stream channels as groundwater runoff (sometimes referred to as..effluent seepage). 1974Daily Tel. 4 Apr. 17 An extensive seepage of fuel oil from a fractured feed pipe. 1976Raudkivi & Callander Analysis Groundwater Flow i. 1 The motion of groundwater can be subdivided as follows: seepage; capillary rise and capillary flow; percolation, which occurs..under the action of a hydraulic gradient; turbulent groundwater flow.
fig.1883Cable Old Creole Days (Edinb. ed.) 104 The Anglo-American flood..had thus far been felt only as slippery seepage which made the Creole tremble for his footing. 1952Time 14 Apr. 17/2 Seepage (n.), small net decrease in circulation, resulting from temporary suspension of subscriptions. (Opposite of creepage.) 1961L. Mumford City in History x. 285 The ‘law of cultural seepage’: the making of innovations by a favored minority and their slow infiltration..into the lower economic ranks. 1976National Observer (U.S.) 17 July 3/1 So far the seepage has had minimal effect on the multibillion-dollar Social Security system.
2. attrib., as seepage flow, seepage loss, seepage spring, seepage water, seepage well; seepage lake, a lake that loses water chiefly by seepage into the ground containing it.
1939A. K. Lobeck Geomorphology v. 159 Run-off..occurs in two ways: (a) as surface run-off..; and (b) as ground-water run-off,..often called seepage flow. 1976Raudkivi & Callander Analysis Groundwater Flow i. 2 This movement is complicated by the presence of ground air, most of which is expelled from the ground or dissolved in the seepage flow.
1934Ecol. Monogr. IV. 441 These lakes may be classified into..those with outlets and those without them... The movement of water through lakes of the second type is entirely under ground and they are named seepage lakes. 1975R. G. Wetzel Limnology iv. 40 In seepage lakes the lake seal is..likely to be effective over much of the deeper portions of the basin.
1902U.S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply & Irrigation Paper No. 67. 42 C. E. Grunsky has measured the seepage loss in King River and the Fresno canal. 1937C. F. Tolman Ground Water vii. 169 Seepage loss from this river is less than 5 per cent of the total flow.
1908T. C. Hopkins Elem. Physical Geogr. ii. 60 Sometimes..the water..seeps or trickles out along the line of outcrop of the layer in sufficient quantities to keep the surface wet,..forming a swamp or bog on the hillside. This is called a seepage spring. 1964G. B. Schaller Year of Gorilla (1965) x. 264 We came upon six elephants pawing the soil of a seepage spring.
1876Raudkivi & Callander Analysis Groundwater Flow i. 1 The capacity of the soil to hold suspended capillary water and water in the attached films is called field capacity and it is the excess over the field capacity which is free to travel downwards as gravity or seepage water. 1883Century Mag. July 421/2 Rills of seepage water wet the road. 1969N. W. Parsons Upon Sagebrush Harp xviii. 103 Later that winter the farm papers began to tell of farm dugouts and seepage wells for the well-less prairie. |