| 释义 |
▪ I. callus, n.|ˈkæləs|
Also (erron.) callous. pl. calluses.
[a. L. callus hardened skin.]
1. Phys. and Pathol. A callous formation; a hardened and thickened part of the skin, or of some other tissue naturally soft; also applied to natural thickenings of the skin, etc.; = callosity 2.
1563T. Gale Antidot. ii. 56 It doth dry fistulas which haue not callus indurated. 1656Ridgley Pract. Physic 157 The Callous must be first removed. 1722De Foe Plague (1884) 249 Spots..as..hard as a piece of Callous or Horn. 1769Pennant Zool. III. 280 Between the eyes and the mouth is a hard callus. 1858O. W. Holmes Aut. Breakf. T. 65 When I have established a pair of well-pronounced feathering calluses on my thumbs. 1873Tristram Moab xv. 292 Even in the young [ibex] kid there is a hard callous..on the front of the knee.
2. Pathol. ‘The bony material thrown out around and between the two ends of a fractured bone during the process of healing’ (Syd. Soc. Lex.).
1678Jones Heart & Right Sov. 396 Nature supplyes the..breaches, in our bones, by a callus, or hardness of the like kind. 1713Cheselden Anat. i. i. (1726) 8 The Callus from the broken ends of a bone that is not set. 1845Todd & Bowman Phys. Anat. I. 125 The permanent callus has all the characters of true bone. 1855Holden Hum. Osteol. (1878) 37 This ferule termed the provisional callus is not removed until the fracture has been thoroughly repaired.
3. Bot. A hard formation in or on plants.
1870Hooker Stud. Flora 109 Rubus fruticosus..rooting from a callus at the tip. 1882Vines Sachs' Bot. 173 The callus formed between the bark and the wood, when the stem is cut off above the root.
4. fig. A callous state of feeling, etc.
1692Burnet Past. Care vii. 73 A Callus that he Contracts, by his insensible way of handling Divine Matters. 1858O. W. Holmes Aut. Breakf. T. xii. 116 Editors have..to develop enormous calluses at every point of contact with authorship.
▪ II. callus, v.|ˈkæləs|
[f. the n.]
intr. To form a callus.
1864J. S. Hibberd Rose-bk. 284 In all cases keep cuttings and eyes alive and fresh by sprinkling their tops frequently rather than making the soil they are in very wet, they will in fact callus quicker if the soil is nearly dry. 1958Times 22 Nov. 9/4 They allow the natural healing processes to carry on underneath so that in time the wound will callus over. |