| 释义 |
calomel Chiefly Med.|ˈkæləməl|
Also 8 calamel.
[In F. calomel, calomélas; according to Littré f. Gr. καλό-ς fair, beautiful + µέλας black.
Littré says ‘so called, it is said, because the chemist who discovered it, saw a beautiful black powder change into a white powder in the preparation.’ Chambers (Cycl. 1727–51) s.v. says ‘The denomination Calomel rather seems to have first belonged to the æthiops mineral; from καλος, pulcher, fair; and µελας, niger, black: for that white or pale bodies, rubbed herewith, become black. Some will have it first given to Mercurius dulcis, by a whimsical chymist, who employed a black in his laboratory; whose complexion, as well as that of the mercury, he alluded to in the term: the medicine being fair, the operator black.’ Nothing appears as to when, where, or by whom the name was given: Littré calls it ‘ancien nom’.]
Mercurous chloride, or ‘protochloride’ of mercury (Hg2 Cl2); a preparation much used in medicine in the form of a white powder with a yellow tinge, becoming grey on exposure to light; also found native as horn-quicksilver in crystals.
1676Wiseman Surg. (J.) Lenient purgatives with calomel. 1727–51Chambers Cycl., Calomel, in pharmacy, a name given to Mercurius dulcis, further sublimated to a fourth time, or upwards. 1800Med. Jrnl. IV. 410, I have been dissatisfied with the general and indiscriminate use of Calomel in the diseases of children. 1863Kingsley Water Bab. v. (1878) 229 She dosed them with calomel and jalap. 1873Watts Fownes' Chem. 402 Pure calomel is a heavy, white, insoluble, tasteless powder.
attrib.1799Med. Jrnl. I. 466 The calomel pill was given morning and evening. |