| 释义 |
▪ I. segregate, a. and n.|ˈsɛgrɪgeɪt|
[ad. L. sēgregātus, pa. pple. of sēgregāre: see segregate v.]
A. adj.
1. Separated, set apart, isolated. Now rare.
In early use often † as pa. pple.
1426Lydg. De Guil. Pilgr. 9399 The Body..Whan yt ys fro the segregat, Dysseueryd & separat. c1480St. Ursula (Roxb.) A j, So were the nobles from Brytayne segregate. 1532More Confut. Tindale Wks. 428/1 Those holye consecrate companyes, the tone segregate from paynims by the sacrament of baptysme, the tother segregate fro the laye peple by the sacrament of order. 1563Foxe A. & M. (1596) 1004/2 He was segregatus a peccatoribus—clean segregate from all kind of uncleanness. 1670G. H. Hist. Cardinals iii. ii. 279 Two or three Cardinals, segregate from the other Factions. 1685Baxter Paraphr. N.T. 2 Cor. vi. 17–18 A holy people segregate to the Lord. 1865Spectator 14 Jan. 32 It is true they have been celebrating their defeat..in a more morose and segregate manner than is here suggested.
2. spec. (Zool., Bot., etc.). Separated (wholly or partially) from the parent or from one another; not aggregated.
1793T. Martyn Lang. Bot., Segregata Polygamia. Segregate Polygamy... When several florets comprehended within a common calyx are furnished also with their proper perianths. 1846Dana Zooph. iv. (1848) 82 Segregate, when the buds are separate from the parent, except at base, each forming a distinct shoot or branch. 1882–4Cooke Brit. Fresh-w. Algæ I. 29 Either single, segregate, or associated in families.
B. n.
1. Math. One of a smallest select aggregate of products of irreducible covariants which suffices to provide by linear combination all covariants of every degree and order.
1878Cayley Math. Papers X. 339 The effect of this was to enable me to establish for any given degree in the co⁓efficients and order in the variables..a selected system of powers and products of the covariants, say a system of ‘segregates’. Ibid. 345 The terms in the expansion of the R.G.F. [i.e. Real Generating Function] may be called ‘segregates’, and the terms not in the expansion ‘congregates’.
2. Bot. (See quot. 1900.)
1871Britten in Trans. Newbury Field Club I. 36 In this first enumeration aggregate species only..are entered; the segregates being noticed in the second..list. 1900B. D. Jackson Gloss. Bot. Terms s.v., A Segregate is a species separated from a super-species.
Hence ˈsegregateness.
1668Wilkins Real Char. ii. i. 34.
▪ II. segregate, v.|ˈsɛgrɪgeɪt|
Also 6–7 segregat.
[f. L. sēgregāt-, ppl. stem of sēgregāre to separate from the flock, hence to set apart, isolate, divide, f. sē- (see se-) + greg-, grex flock.]
1. a. trans. To separate (a person, a body or class of persons) from the general body, or from some particular class; to set apart, isolate, seclude.
In early use often with allusion to the Vulgate renderings of Heb. vii. 26, segregatus a peccatoribus, and of Jude 19, qui segregant semetipsos.
1542Becon News out of Heaven G j, Your Bysshop shalbe godly, innocent, fautles, segregated from synners. 1552Latimer 4th Serm. Lord's Pr. (1584) 145 b, This is the cause wherefore he will haue hys flocke segregated from the wicked. 1552― Serm. 5th Sund. Epiph. ibid. 322 So the Anabaptistes in our time..segregated themselues from the companye of other men. 1582N. T. (Rhem.) Jude 19 These are they which segregate them selves, sensual, having not the Spirit. 1602T. Fitzherbert Def. 54 The Apostles..were commanded by the holy ghost to segregat Paul and Barnabas. 1678Cudworth Intell. Syst. 891 Nature absolutely Dissociates and Segregates men from one another, by reason of the Inconsistency of those Appetites of theirs. 1749Fielding Tom Jones xiii. ii, He rambled about some time before he could even find his way to those happy mansions, where fortune segregates from the vulgar, those magnanimous heroes. 1799Coleridge in Mrs. H. Sandford T. Poole & Fr. (1888) I. 299 But dear Wordsworth appears to me to have hurtfully segregated and isolated his being. 1852Ld. Cockburn Jeffrey I. 200 Certain peculiarities, or habits, which segregated him from the whole human race. 1884Law Rep. 14 Q.B. Div. 178 Mr. Newitt has..segregated himself from Mr. Saffery in the trust. 1904D. P. Hughes Life H. P. Hughes xxii. (1907) 632 That innate instinct which ever aimed at uniting, not segregating groups of Christians.
b. To subject (people) to racial segregation; to enforce racial segregation in (a community, institution, etc.). Cf. desegregate v., integrate v. 2 b.
1908R. S. Baker Following Color Line iii. xiv. 299 All through my former chapters I have been showing how the Negroes are being segregated. So are the Chinese segregated, and the blacks in South Africa. 1930Economist 27 Sept. 563/1 It is not surprising that a South African Nationalist politician should..proclaim his preference for his own party's policy of ‘segregating’ the natives and safeguarding ‘the natural superiority’ of the whites. 1948Rep. Native Laws Commission 1946–48 (Dept. Native Affairs, South Africa) 33/1 This effect was accentuated by the policy which sought to segregate the Africans as far as possible in specially demarcated ‘Reserves’. 1958N.Y. Post 20 Apr. 11. 7/3, I guess the DAR is not so much for segregating the colored as it is against doing you-know-what with them.
2. a. To separate or isolate (one thing from others or one portion from the remainder); to place in a group apart from the rest; esp. Chem., Geol., etc. (of natural agencies) to separate out and collect (certain particular constituents of a compound or mixture). In scientific classification: To remove (certain species) etc. from a group and place them apart.
1579Fulke Conf. Sanders 662 Christe vouchsafed to segregate it from other wood, to make it the instrument of his passion. 1625Jackson Creed v. xxxiv, The prototype is conspicuous in the image, it is not segregated from it. 1691Taylor Behmen's Theos. Phil. 73 Like a Refiner's fire which segregates Metals. 1744Bp. Berkeley Siris §190 The pure fire is to be discerned by it's effects alone; such as..the segregating heterogeneous bodies, and congregating those that are homogeneous. 1831D. E. Williams Sir T. Lawrence I. 167 Had these superb paintings been segregated in a national gallery. 1842Grove Corr. Phys. Forces (ed. 6) 100 The energy of the rays having been used up in decomposing the carbonic acid. The carbon thus segregated by the sun's rays is ready to give out heat and light, whenever it may be recombined with oxygen. 1872W. S. Symonds Rec. Rocks x. 360 The limestone must have been segregated in deeper and tranquil waters. 1872C. King Sierra Nevada vii. 134 By an Act of Congress, the Yosemite Valley had been segregated from the public domain. 1911Q. Rev. Jan. 290 In a true reference to the people the issue would be segregated.
b. Mining. (U.S.) See quot.
1881Raymond Mining Gloss., Segregate, Pac. To separate the undivided joint owership of a mining claim into smaller individual ‘segregated’ claims.
3. a. intr. for refl. To separate from a main body or mass and collect in one place.
1863Bates Nat. Amazon vii. (1864) 169 The Mauhés are considered.. to be a branch of the great Mundurucú nation; having segregated from them at a remote period. 1870Proctor Other Worlds xi. 261 Whether clusters of them will eventually segregate from their neighbours..it is as yet..impossible to judge. 1877Fraser's Mag. XVI. 401 Most of the provinces had segregated into independent principalities.
b. Genetics. To undergo or display segregation (sense 1 e).
1904W. Bateson et al. in Rep. Evol. Comm. R. Soc. II. 120 The fern-leaved type is recessive to the palm⁓leaved, segregating from it perfectly. 1930R. A. Fisher Genetical Theory Nat. Selection i. 9 Mendel also demonstrated what a theorist could scarcely have ventured to postulate, that the different factors examined by him in combination, segregated in the simplest possible manner, namely independently. 1974Encycl. Brit. Macropædia XIV. 775/1 The once-separate genes have been brought together..to produce a tightly packed unit of several genes sufficiently near each other on the chromosome that they segregate together.
Hence ˈsegregated ppl. a.; spec. of institutions, groups, etc.: divided or separated on the basis of race (cf. segregate v. 1 b); ˈsegregating vbl. n.
a1628Preston New Covt. (1629) 221 My Word is as fire; It is a segregating thing, that differenceth, and puts a separation betweene the scum, and the liquor. 1652News fr. Low-Countr. 1 Those four segregated forms. 1844Disraeli Coningsby iv. x, To the segregating genius of their great Lawgiver, Sidonia ascribes the fact that they had not been long ago absorbed among those mixed races. 1855J. R. Leifchild Cornwall 127 By the segregating power of electric action. 1855J. Phillips Man. Geol. 513 We may collect masses of true granite,..compact felspars, and many other segregated varieties. 1874Raymond 6th Rep. Mines 518 That the extensions, bought by Raymond..were..on segregated ground far to the south. 1948,1956[see integrated ppl. a. c]. 1958Listener 11 Dec. 982/1 Nine-tenths of the Negro children in the whole Southern region still go to segregated schools. 1960Guardian 22 Mar. 13/7 San Antonio, Texas, launched its campaign against segregated lunch-counters. 1971Graphic (Durban) 7 May 4/5 You are the future Black citizens of this segregated Republic. |