| 释义 |
capitation|kæpɪˈteɪʃən|
[ad. L. capitātiōn-em (sense 2), f. caput, capit- head, having the form of noun of action from a vb.: see prec. and -ation.]
1. The counting of heads or persons.
1614Raleigh Hist. World ii. 418 This law of capitation. 1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. 360 For not performing the commandement of God concerning capitation.
2. a. The levying of a tax or charge by the head, i.e. upon each person. b. A tax or fee paid for each head; a poll tax. c. A payment or fee of so much per head from pupils, etc.
1641Ewes (title), Speech, touching the Bill of a Capitation or Poll-money. 1696Luttrell Brief Rel. (1857) IV. 156 To make the whole capitation about 5 millions. 1745Fielding True Patr. Wks. 1775 IX. 317 Demanding two millions, to be immediately raised by capitation. 1796Morse Amer. Geog. II. 281 According to the last capitation, there were 166,871 Jews in Poland..who paid the tax. Ibid. 463 All other religions are..included in this system of toleration, on paying a certain capitation. Mod. The Head Master's salary, paid partly by a capitation on each pupil.
3. attrib. and Comb., as capitation-consumption, capitation-tax; also † capitation-drugget, stuff, etc. (see quots.); capitation grant, a grant of a certain sum for every person who fulfils certain conditions, as to a school for scholars who pass a test examination, to volunteers, etc.
1886Pall Mall G. 19 Oct., We find..the average *capitation consumption of tobacco about 8 lb. 3 oz.
1690B. E. Dict. Cant. Crew, *Capitation-Drugget, a Cheap, Slight Stuff, called so from the Tax of that Name.
1862Sat. Rev. 15 Mar., It would be quite possible to merge several of the existing grants [for education] into a single *capitation grant.
1704Lond. Gaz. No. 4031/4 Some Druggets, *Capitation Stuffs, and Shalloons.
1776Adam Smith W.N. (1869) II. v. ii. 466 *Capitation taxes are levied at little expense. 1844H. H. Wilson Brit. India I. 112 A capitation tax upon pilgrims to the temple of Jagannath.
1701Lond. Gaz. No. 3740/4 An Olive *Capitation Wastcoat. |