| 释义 |
Capitol|ˈkæpɪtəl|
Forms: 4 capitole, (-hole, -olye), 4–5 capit-, capytoile, -olie, 7 capitoll, 7– capitol.
[ME. capitolie, capitoile, a. ONF. capitolie, Parisian capitoile (= It. capitolio), ad. L. capitōlium, a derivative of caput head. The mod.F. capitole and Eng. capitol are new adaptations of the L.]
1. Literally, A citadel on the head or top of a hill. esp. The great national temple of Rome, dedicated to Jupiter Optimus Maximus, on the Saturnian or Tarpeian (afterwards called Capitoline) Hill; sometimes applied to the whole hill including the arx or citadel.
1375Barbour Bruce I. 543 Syne in hys capitole wes he [Caesar] Throw thaim of his consaill priue, Slayne. c1386Chaucer Monk's T. 713 This Iulius to the capitolie [v.r. capitolye, capithole, capitoile] went. a1400Morte Arth. 96 At Rome.. Appere..In þe kydd capytoile before þe kyng selvyne. 1475Bk. Noblesse 10 Brenus..wanne and conquerid to Rome, except the capitoile of Rome. 1601Shakes. Jul. C. i. iii. 36 Comes Cæsar to the Capitoll to morrow? 1671Milton P.R. iv. 47 There the Capitol thou seest..On the Tarpeian rock. 1838Arnold Rome I. 315 The commons in that revolution occupied the Capitol.
b. transf. and fig.
c1630Drummond of Hawthornden Poems Wks. (1711) 29 The spot⁓less sp'rits of light..Greet their great victor in his capitol. 1682Sir T. Browne Chr. Mor. 26 Triumphs not leading up into capitols, but up into the highest heavens. 1751Chambers Cycl. s.v., Antiently the name capitol was..applied to all the principal temples, in most of the colonies.
2. U.S. ‘The edifice occupied by the congress of the United States in their deliberations. Also, in some states, the state-house, or house in which the legislature holds its sessions’ (Webster).
1699Acts Assembly Virginia (1727) I. 205 An Act directing the Building the Capitol and the City of Williamsburgh, &c. 1706Cal. Virginia St. Papers (1875) I. 109 The main street..extending from the Capitol to ye utmost Limits of the City Westward. 1752J. Blair in Official Records of R. Dinwiddie (1883) I. 146, I laid the last top Brick on the Capitol Wall. 1793Jefferson Let. 1 Feb. in Writ. (1854) III. 508 Doctor Thornton's plan of a capitol. 1795J. Scott U.S. Gazetteer s.v. Washington (D.C.), The capitol is now building and is situated upon a beautiful eminence. 1834C. D. Arfwedson United States I. 318 The Capitol, as it is called, or Statehouse occupied by the legislature of the State. 1843Penny Cycl. XXVII. 98 The president's house is situated at the opposite extremity of Pennsylvania avenue from the Capitol. 1888Harper's Mag. June 50/1 The part of the Capitol which is completed (Senate Chamber, House of Representatives, Library, Historical Society, etc.). 1928S. V. Benét John Brown's Body 155 Muddy Washington, with its still-unfinished Capitol. 1943Chicago Daily News 12 June 6/6 To provide the State of Texas with a new capitol.
Hence Capiˈtolian, Caˈpitoline a, of or pertaining to the Capitol; Capitoline games: games in honour of Capitoline Jove.
1618B. Holyday Juvenal 142 He could not add the capitolian oaken garland to the Alban olive garland. a1822Shelley Liberty vii, Gold profaned thy capitolian throne. 1667Milton P.L. ix. 508 Ammonian Jove, or Capitoline, was seen. a1789Burney Hist. Mus. (ed. 2) II. i. 6 In the time of this Emperor [Constantine]..the Capitoline games were abolished. |