| 释义 |
▪ I. causeway, n.|ˈkɔːzweɪ|
Forms: 5 cawce wey, cawcy wey, 6–8 causey-way; 6– cause-way, causeway; also 6–7 causway, 7 cawsway, cowsway, (caused-, cawsedway), casseway, caseway, Sc. caulsway.
[In 15th c. caucé-wey, caucy-wey, f. caucé, caucy causey + way. The compound has to a great extent taken the place of the simple causey, which, where it survives in local use, is apt to be treated as a corruption of this. On the other hand, etymologists have erroneously guessed that causeway was merely a corruption of causey.]
1. A road formed on a ‘causey’ or mound; a raised road across a low or wet place, or piece of water; formerly also applied to a mole or landing-pier running into the sea or a river; = causey 2.
the Giant's Causeway (or Causey): a natural formation in county Antrim, Ireland, consisting of a collection of basaltic columns extending like a mole or pier into the sea.
c1440Promp. Parv. 64 Cawcewey [K.H. cavuce, 1499 cawcy wey], calcetum. 1571Campion Hist. Irel. xi. v. (1633) 81 Edified sundry Castles, cawswayes, and bridges. a1619Daniel Coll. Hist. Eng. (1621) 28 Finding the case⁓way long and the bridge narrow. 1643Evelyn Diary 12 Nov., To crosse a vally by a causeway and a bridge built over a small river. 1651Jer. Taylor Course Serm. i. viii. 95 Dig down the Causeywayes. 1662Fuller Worthies i. 34 Builders of Bridges..and makers of Caused⁓waies, or Causways (which are Bridges over dirt). 1666Pepys Diary 5 Jan., The..running out of causeways into the river. 1796Morse Amer. Geog. II. 425 Narrow cause⁓ways are raised a foot and a half on each side, for..foot passengers. 1855Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. 244 A narrow paved causeway which ran across the bog. 1853Phillips Rivers Yorksh. ix. 244 Roman roads..traversing the..marshy ground by causeways.
fig.1642S. Ash Refuge most Oppressed 25 The Lord our Saviour hath cast up such a caus-way to Heaven.
2. A highway; usually a paved way, such as existed before the introduction of macadamization. Now historical, or forming part of the name of ancient ways, esp. the Roman roads, the military roads of the 17th c., etc.: = causey 3, 4.
1611Coryat Crudities 53 Betwixt Nevers and Moulins was a goodly faire pitched casse-way. 1611Speed Theat. Gt. Brit. xxii. (1614) 43/2 That ancient causey-way, which is called Watling Street. 1708Luttrell Brief Rel. 30 Sept., To encamp on the causey ways of Dovay and Arras. 1709Steele Tatler No. 36 ⁋6 The Confederate Army extends..on the Causeway between Tournay and Lisle, to Epain. 1726Swift Corr. Wks. 1841 II. 596 Gallop a foundered horse ten miles upon a causeway and get home safe. 1851D. Wilson Preh. Ann. (1863) II. iii. ii. 55 The Roman road popularly styled the Fishwives' causeway. 1860Froude H.E. VI. 177 The road or causeway on which Wyatt was expected to advance, ran nearly on the site of Piccadilly.
b. fig.
1597Bp. Hall Sat. iii. v. 22 Much I mervailed, To see so large a caus-way in his head. 1646J. Hall Horæ Vac. 56 These are Cause-wayes of ambition as well as fame. 1649J. H. Motion to Parl. 14 What directer caus-way could you finde to the aggrandization of your owne glory? 1672Marvell Reh. Transp. i. 76 Who hath paved a broad Causway with Mortal Virtue thorow his kingdom.
3. Put for causey in other senses.
1828Scott F.M. Perth ii, I..care not which side of the causeway my daughter and I walk upon, so we may keep our road in peace and quietness. 1853Reade Chr. Johnstone 175 She drew near enough to the wall to allow room for another on the causeway. 1878Huxley Physiogr. 170 A causeway has been erected on the beach to arrest the progress of the sea. 1830Galt Lawrie T. ix. viii. (1849) 433 A woful thing to have heard as causeway talk.
▪ II. causeway, v.|ˈkɔːzweɪ|
[f. prec. n.]
1. trans. To pave with cobbles or pebbles. Chiefly as a (supposed) anglicizing of causey v.
1740Williams in Phil. Trans. XLI. 468 A Circle of Two Feet Diameter..causwayed with small stones laid edgeways. 1814Scott in Lockhart (1839) IV. 191 The streets flagged instead of being causewayed. 1848H. Miller First Impr. xi. (1857) 175 Quartz pebbles, used in causewaying footways. 1854― Sch. & Schm. xii. (1858) 267 A few loads of water-rolled pebbles for causewaying a floor.
2. To fill up, or cross, with a raised causeway.
1702in Register Bk. Cambridge, Mass. (1896) 230 Those Barrs yt lead into ye sd Meadow on ye easterly Side where it is Caswayed with Gravel & timber. 1870Daily News 24 Sept., They were causewaying the approaches to the timber platform with grassy sods. 1887E. D. Morgan in Proc. R. Geog. Soc. IX. 237 The worst parts had been roughly bridged or causewayed.
Hence ˈcausewayed ppl. a. also applied spec. to a type of enclosure built by neolithic settlers in southern Britain, ˈcausewaying vbl. n. (Mostly for causeyed, -ing.)
1865Daily Tel. 28 Nov. 7/3 Ten miles along the causewayed track. 1876Page Advd. Text-bk. Geol. vii. 136 Their extensive use in causewaying and macadamising. 1882R. Munro Sc. Lake Dwellings 22 What may be called a rough, loose causewaying of stones. 1934E. C. Curwen in Antiquaries Jrnl. XIV. 99 Whitehawk Camp..is one of the eight proved neolithic camps of ‘causewayed’ type in Britain. 1960N. Thomas Guide Prehist. Eng. 11 The earliest earthworks to survive, the causewayed camps of southern England, were the first to be built by these so-called primary neolithic peasants. Their banks and interrupted ditches afforded protection against wild animals. |