| 释义 |
cellular, a. (and n.)|ˈsɛljʊlə(r)|
[ad. mod.L. cellulāris, f. cellula little cell (dim. of cella); or perh. ad. F. cellulaire: in F. cellule has entirely taken the place of celle, and its derivatives take the place of those of cella both in Fr. and Eng.]
A. adj.
1. Of, pertaining to, or characterized by cells or small apartments for single occupants.
1823Lamb Elia Ser. ii. xi. (1865) 308 A poor Carthusian, from strict cellular discipline. 1853Fraser's Mag. XLVII. 139 The cellular vans employed for the transport of criminals. 1868Browning Ring & Bk. ix. 1200 Leave these [gauds] for cellular seclusion. 1872Daily News 13 July, The cellular system [of convict discipline] as it is established in Belgium.
2. a. Containing a number of cells, small compartments, or cavities; porous. cellular pyrites: a variety of Marcasite; cellular quartz, etc.
1816Accum Chem. Tests (1818) 166 Calcareous cellular stones. 1834Sir C. Bell Hand 292 The skull of the giraffe..is cellular and thin and light as a paper case. 1845Darwin Voy. Nat. ix. (1879) 180, I had noticed the presence of a few small pebbles of a very cellular basalt. 1868Dana Min. 75 Marcasite..in cellular specimens.
b. Of open texture, as cellular linen; also n., a material of open texture.
1888Cassell's Fam. Mag. Dec. 60/1 Cellular Clothing. Under-clothing of every kind is now being made of a cellular cloth. 1889Pall Mall Gaz. 5 Jan. 7/1 Cellular linen... Gentlemen have tennis-shirts of real silk cellular now. 1964Which? Apr. 123/1 Cellular, mesh or eyelet fabrics have a regular pattern of small holes over the surface.
3. Phys.
a. Characterized by or consisting of cells (see cell n.1, 11–13). As an epithet of vegetable tissues, opposed to vascular. See also B.
cellular tissue, in Animal Physiology, a synonym of areolar or connective tissue; also formerly called cellular membrane; hence cellular-membranous adj. cellular pathology: a term introduced by Virchow in 1858; ‘the doctrine of the origin of disease in a perturbation of action, or an alteration of structure, of some or other of the ultimate cells of which the body is composed’ (Syd. Soc. Lex.); the study of morbid changes in the cells or ultimate elements of organic tissues.
1753Chambers Cycl. Supp., Cellular, or Cellulose, an appellation given by Ruysch, to the second coat of the intestines; in which fat is often found. 1773Gentl. Mag. XLIII. 345 A twisted worm, sometimes six feet long, which introduces itself into the skin, and lodges in the cellular membrane. 1799Southey Nondescr. iii, My very cellular membrane will be changed, I shall be negrofied. 1830Lindley Nat. Syst. Bot. Introd. 15 Vegetables which have no flowers..are..Cellular. 1861N. Syd. Soc. Year-bk. 134 Virchow—Cellular Pathology and Physiological Therapeutics. 1875Dawson Dawn of Life ii. 33 Cellular plants, as, for example, mosses and lichens. 1876Quain Anat. (ed. 8) II. 53 If we make a cut through the skin and proceed to raise it from the subjacent parts, we observe that it is loosely connected to them by a soft filamentous substance of considerable tenacity and elasticity..This is the substance known by the names of ‘cellular’, ‘areolar’, ‘filamentous’, ‘connective’, and ‘reticular’ tissue; it used formerly to be commonly called ‘cellular membrane’. 1876Bryant Pract. Surgery (ed. 2) I. 33 The deep cellular-membranous syphilitic sore.
b. Of or pertaining to cells.
1805W. Saunders Min. Waters, This cellular effusion soon disappears. 1836Todd Cycl. Anat. I. 510/1 A very thin albuminous fluid..often termed the cellular serosity.
4. Of, pertaining to, or designating a mobile radio-telephone system in which the area served is divided into sections or ‘cells’ a few miles across, each with its own short-range transmitter/receiver linked to an automatic switching centre, so that the same frequency can be used in different parts of the area simultaneously and the capacity is thereby increased.
1977Wireless World June 40/1 (heading) Cellular mobile radio going ahead. 1982New Scientist 23 Dec. 800/2 Cellular radio is basically automated citizen's band radio with the added extra that you can dial a correspondent, rather than having to set up a conversation by broadcasting a call sign. 1984Sunday Times (Colour Suppl.) 4 Nov. 103/3 (Advt.), So much has been written about developments in cellular car telephones..that the prospective buyer is almost bound to be confused. 1985New Scientist 31 Jan. 5/1 Although owners of cellular radios pay nothing to receive calls in their cars, their callers will pay 43p per minute. 1985Times 15 Feb. 37/7 It will soon be possible to use either of the two cellular networks started this year off almost the entire south coast.
B. n. pl. Cellular plants (in Lat. form Cellulares); those having no distinct stem or leaves, but consisting of a cellular expansion of various kinds, which bears the reproductive organs. Applied to Cryptogams, in reference to their markedly cellular structure; but only the humblest orders of these are entirely cellular.
[1830Lindley Nat. Syst. Bot. 1 The presence of flowers, of spiral-vessels, and of cuticular stomata, will at all times distinguish these [Vasculares] from Cellulares, or flowerless plants. ]1879Cassell's Techn. Educ. I. 54 The least organised plants are termed cellulars. |