| 释义 |
settler|ˈsɛtlə(r)|
[f. settle v. + -er1.]
1. a. One who or a thing which, settles, fixes, decides, etc.
1598Florio, Acconciatore,..a mender, a setler, an ordrer. 1611Cotgr., Ficheur, a fixer, fastener, setler, or setter in. 1659England's Universal Distraction 1643–5 16 True Religion is rather a Setler then Stickler in Policy, and rather confirmes men in obedience to the Government. 1687Wood Life 9 Dec. (O.H.S.) III. 245 Mr. A[rthur] Ch[arlet] of Trin. Coll., the chief setler of unsetled minds in Oxford. 1825New Monthly Mag. XVI. 113 He fancied himself a settler of destinies. 1846Greener Sci. Gunnery Introd. 6 This powerful settler of disputes [sc. artillery]. 1898Daily News 6 July 4/6 That sum was..paid by him over to Mr. Goodson, who acted as Sir John's settler.
b. colloq. Something that settles or ‘does for’ a person, a finisher; something that settles an antagonist in an encounter or argument; a crushing or finishing blow, shot, speech, etc.
1744M. Bishop Life & Advent. ix. 124, I endeavoured to revive them by saying I intended to have a Bowl of Punch, by way of a Settler and then to go to Bed upon it. c1817Hogg Tales & Sk. V. 221 This was a settler; I could make no answer to that. 1819Moore Tom Crib's Memorial (ed. 3) 15 So he tipp'd him a settler..Full plump in the whisker. 1833Fonblanque Eng. under 7 Administr. (1837) II. 338 Cook knocked him on the head instantly; this is what the English call a settler, that is, in this way they settle their accounts. 1837Haliburton Clockm. Ser. i. xx, That shot was a settler, it struck poor Sall right atwixt wind and water. 1888Sportsman 22 Dec. (Farmer), A mistake at the last hurdles proved a complete settler, and he succumbed by six lengths. 1894Blackmore Perlycross 239 After this settler [a crushing speech], the man sat down, and turned his back on the Parson.
c. A clerk in a betting shop who calculates the winnings.
1963L. Meynell Virgin Luck vii. 172 ‘But what do you do..?’ ‘Settle. I'm a settler. I work out a bet. It goes down on a slip and after the race the settlers go through the slips and work them out.’ 1966P. Willmott Adolescent Boys of East London vi. 102 Non-manual jobs of a more ‘routine’ kind, mainly clerks and shop assistants, draughtsmen and betting-shop ‘settlers’. 1977Evening Post (Nottingham) 27 Jan. 14/1 (Advt.), Saturday settler required by independent licensed Betting Office.
2. a. One who settles in a new country; a colonist. old settler: see old a. D 4. orig. Amer.
1696Rec. Early Hist. Boston (1881) VI. 51 The first goers or first setlers of Woodstock. 1739W. Stephens Jrnl. 15 Dec. in Colonial Records State of Georgia (1906) IV. 469 One Bunyon, a Builder of Boats and a Settler there. 1786T. Dundas Let. 28 Dec. in Cornwallis Corr. (1859) I. 279 The half-pay provincial officers are valuable settlers. 1788Gibbon Decl. & F. lii. V. 442 The fields and vineyards were divided among the new settlers. 1802G. Barrington New South Wales iv. 98 The natives taking advantage of the distance settlers lived from each other. 1867Emerson Lett. & Soc. Aims, Progr. Culture Wks. (Bohn) III. 225 Land without price is offered to the settler. 1874Green Short Hist. i. §1 Each dweller within the settlement was jealous of his own isolation and independence among his fellow-settlers. 1904W. M. Ramsay Lett. 7 Churches xi. 133 Hence the Jewish settlers formed a counterpoise against the Greek colonists in the Seleucid cities.
b. gen. One who settles in a place as a resident.
1815Scott Guy M. vii, Nor was Mr. Bertram in a hurry to exert his newly-acquired authority at the expense of these old settlers. Ibid. xii, If..he should become a settler in that part of Scotland. 1834Dickens Sk. Boz, Boarding Ho., He resides among the original settlers at Walworth.
c. A worker at a social settlement (see settlement 16).
1884Durham Univ. Jrnl. 5 July VI. 44 What then are Settlements, and their Settlers, to do in the East End of London? 1887Charity Organiz. Rev. III. 408 The university settlers [at Toynbee Hall]. 1899Daily News 26 June 4/7 The ‘settlers’ at Mansfield House look forward to having one of the best-equipped boys' clubs in London.
3. Law. One who settles property: = settlor.
1800Act 39 & 40 Geo. III, c. 98 §1 The Term of Twenty-one Years from the Death of any such Grantor, Settler, Devisor, or Testator.
4. A pan or vat into which a liquor is run off to ‘settle’ or deposit a sediment. In Metallurgy (see quot. 1881).
1674Ray Collect. Words, Allom Works Whitby 140 Which [kelp] being put in so soon as the Liquor boils or flows up.., they draw it off into a settler. 1731Miller Gard. Dict. s.v. Anil, There are three of these [indigo] Vats commonly built one above another... This last Vat is also call'd at St. Domingo, a Settler. a1864Gesner Coal, Petrol., etc. (1865) 161 The pump..draws the petroleum from the settler. 1874Raymond 6th Rep. Mines 193 The roasted ore is amalgamated in 8 pans, with as many settlers. 1881― Mining Gloss., Settler, a tub or vat, in which pulp from the amalgamating pan or battery-pulp is allowed to settle, being stirred in water, to remove the lighter portions.
5. attrib. and Comb., as settler-folk, † settler slam (slam n.3); settler's or settlers' clock Austral. (see quots.); settler's effects Canad., goods brought into the country by an immigrant for his personal use that are exempt from import duty; also transf.; settler's matches, twine Austral. (see quots.).
1896Harper's Mag. Apr. 716/2 The westward march of the *settler-folk.
1743in 6th Rep. Dep. Kpr. App. ii. 121 A Method of making Alum out of Dross (commonly called *Settler Slam).
1827P. Cunningham Two Years in N.S.W. I. 232 The loud and discordant noise of the laughing jackass (or *settler's clock, as he is called)..acquaints us that the sun has just dipped behind the hills. 1847L. Leichhardt Jrnl. Australia viii. 234 The laughing Jackass (Dacelo gigantea) which, from its regularity, has not been unaptly named the settlers' clock.
1911Daily Colonist (Victoria, B.C.) 2 Apr. 14/3 She landed 150 tons of cargo here, including three boilers..*settler's effects, and general freight. 1939K. Pinkerton Wilderness Wife i. 13 Beside us on the station platform that morning were our canoe, camp outfit and a few ‘settler's effects’. 1965I. Reekie Along Old Melita Trail ii. 12 Coming to Manitoba with two cars of settlers' effects.
1891H. Lawson in Bulletin (Sydney) 19 Dec. 21/2 And we walked so very silent—being lost in reverie—that we heard the ‘*settlers'-matches’ gently rustle on the tree. 1898Morris Austral Eng., Settlers' Matches,..the long pendulous strips of bark which hang from the Eucalypts and other trees, during decortication and which..are used as kindling wood. *Settler's Twine, a fibre plant, Gymnostachys anceps, R. Br[own]..used by farmers as cord or string. |