| 释义 |
centro-|sɛntrəʊ|
Stem of L. centrum and Gr. κέντρον, used as a combining form, with senses ‘centre, central, centrally’: as centroˈacinar a., of or belonging to the centre of an acinus (of the pancreas); centroˈclinal a. (Geol.), see quots.; centroˈdorsal a., of or belonging to the centre of the back; centroˈlecithal a. Biol., having the food yolk in the centre of the ovum; centroˈlinead (Geom.), see quots.; centroˈlineal a., applied to a series of lines converging to a centre; ˈcentromere Cytology [ad. G. centromer (W. Waldeyer 1903, in Hertwig Handb. d. Entwick. d. Wirbeltiere (1906) I. 204), f. Gr. µέρος part], (a) see quot. 1925 (disused); (b) the part of a chromosome to which the spindle is attached during mitosis; hence ˌcentroˈmeric a.; ˈcentrosphere, (a) Cytology [ad. G. centrosphäre (E. Strasburger 1893, in Anat. Anzeiger VIII. 179)], a region of clear, differentiated cytoplasm from which the asters extend during cell-division and containing the centriole(s) if present; (b) Geol., the central or inner part of the earth; centroˈstaltic a. (Med.), ‘applied by Hall to the action of the vis nervosa in the spinal centre’ (Syd. Soc. Lex.); centroˈstomatous a. (Zool.), having the mouth perfectly central, as a star-fish; centrosyˈmmetrical a. (Cryst.), having centroˈsymmetry, symmetry to a point or centre; cenˈtrotylote a., of a biradiate sponge-spicule, having a central swelling.
1881Jrnl. Microsc. Sc. Jan. 115 The *centroacinar cells of Langerhaus.
1876Page Adv. Text-bk. Geol. iv. 83 When strata dip..to a common centre, they are said to be *centroclinal. 1877Green Phys. Geol. ix. §3. 347 They have a centroclinal dip or form a basin.
1878tr. Gegenbauer's Comp. Anat. 218 The *centro-dorsal plate. 1880Carpenter in Jrnl. Linn. Soc. XV. 193 A specimen with a more regular centrodorsal and pointed muscle-plates.
1880Balfour Comp. Embryol. I. iii. 90 The food-yolk is however placed, not at one pole, but at the centre of the ovum. This group of ova I propose to name *centrolecithal. 1888Rolleston & Jackson Anim. Life p. xxvi, Centrolecithal ova are confined to Arthropoda. 1966McGraw-Hill Encycl. Sci. & Technol. IX. 459 Centrolecithal, or centrally located yolk, occurs in eggs of insects and cephalopod mollusks.
1814P. Nicholson in Trans. Soc. Arts XXXII. 67 An instrument of my invention called a *centro-linead, for drawing lines to inaccessible vanishing points in perspective. 1878Stanley Drawing Instr. 169 The centrolinead was invented by Peter Nicholson, a man of great geometrical ingenuity.
1925E. B. Wilson Cell (ed. 3) 1127 *Centromere, that part of the sperm containing the central bodies; especially the neck-region. 1936C. D. Darlington in Jrnl. Genetics XXXIII. 466 The chromosomes of the Acridinae..have always been described as of two types, with submedian and with terminal centromeres (or spindle attachments). 1949New Biol. VII. 73 The centromere of a fully contracted chromosome is generally recognisable as a non-staining constriction. 1968Brit. Med. Bull. XXIV. 261/1 A chromosome may appear to have two centromeres if the outline alone is taken into consideration.
1960Lancet 14 May 1063/2 The *centromeric index expressed as the ratio of the length of the shorter arm to the whole length of the chromosome.
1896E. B. Wilson Cell 232 The *centrosphere has a radiate structure, being traversed by rays which stretch between the centrosome and the peripheral microsome-circle. 1899Geogr. Jrnl. XIII. 228 The Earth consists of three parts: there is the vast unknown interior, or ‘centrosphere’ [etc.]. 1960L. Picken Organization of Cells vii. 253 In experiments in which removal of the centrosphere alone was attempted, asters always re-formed eventually.
1878Gurney Crystallogr. 40 In the Anorthic system..a holohedral form can only be *centro-symmetrical.
Ibid. 36 The crystal can only possess symmetry to a point or *centro-symmetry.
1887Encycl. Brit. XXII. 417/2 A *centrotylote microxea. 1900Proc. Zool. Soc. 131 The microstrongyles..are occasionally centrotylote. |