| 释义 |
▪ I. shack, n.1 Now dial.|ʃæk|
[f. shack, dial. variant of shake v. Cf. shake n.1 2 e.]
1. Grain fallen from the ear, and available for the feeding of pigs, poultry, etc., after the harvest; a supply of fallen grain for this purpose. Also, fallen beech-mast or acorns.
1536Rolls House MS. in Froude Hist. Eng. (1185–6) III. 93 note, Able and sufficient with the help of the shakke in the stubbe to succour and feed as many great beasts..as the land would keep. 1563Homilies II. Rogat. Week iv. 251 b, The common balkes and walkes, whiche good men before tyme, made the greater and broder,..partlye for the better shacke in haruest tyme, to the more comfort of his poore neyghbours cattell. 1764Museum Rust. III. lxxiv. 322 [Produce of farm (Suffolk)] One hundred coomb of wheat..{pstlg}75 0 0. Shack for cattle, {pstlg}1 10 0. 1802Sport. Mag. XX. 64 Lonely watch'd he the grunters all day, As they rooted the stubbles for shack. 1823E. Moor Suffolk Words 337 Shack, the corn left in a barley or pea field, after the crop has been carried. Pigs and poultry are then turned in ‘to shack’. ‘Tha's good shack in that there filld’. a1825Forby Voc. E. Anglia, Shack... The shaken grain remaining on the ground when harvest and gleaning are over; or, in woodland countries, the acorns, or mast under the trees. 1858U.S. Newspaper in J. F. Morgan Eng. Norm. Occup. iii. 57 note, The woods in the vicinity of Sandusky..were frequented by vast numbers of wild hogs, which..grew fat upon the shack which every where abounded.
2. a. In phrase to be, go or run at shack, to go to shack, said of pigs, poultry, etc., when turned into the stubble to feed on the ‘shack’ (sense 1) after the harvest. Hence b. The right of sending pigs or poultry to ‘run at shack’ on another's land after the harvest; also, in extended sense, the right of pasturing cattle in winter on another's land.
1629Coke Rep. vii. ii. 5 Ceux parolx, daler Shack, sont tant adire comme daler a libertie ou daler alarge. Ibid., Le dit common appel Shacke. 1641Termes de la Ley 247 Shack is a peculiar name of Common, used in the Countrey of Norfolke. 1706Phillips (ed. Kersey), Shack, (in Norfolk and Suffolk) the liberty of Winter-Pasturage;..Also a Custom in Norfolk to have Common for Hogs, from the end of Harvest till Seed-time in all Mens Grounds: Whence to go at Shack in that County, signifies as much as to go at large. 1787W. H. Marshall Norfolk (1795) II. 387 Shack. Stock turned into the stubbles after harvest are said to be at shack. Grounds lying open to common fields are said to ‘lie quite shack’.
c. attrib., as shack-land, shack-time (cf. shake-time).
1821Monthly Repos. Feb. 97/1 A great part..of our lands were formerly *shack lands, of which the occupant had the use only whilst his crop was on, the land then reverting to the community for pasturage.
1573–80Tusser Husb. (1878) 42 Yoke seldom thy swine while the *shacktime doth last. Ibid., Where loue among neighbors do beare any stroke, While shacktime indureth men use not to yoke. a1825Forby Voc. E. Anglia, Shack-time, the time when pigs are at shack.
3. An animal or animals ‘at shack’.
1842C. W. Johnson Farmer's Encycl. 1087/1 Shack,..the stock turned upon the stubble after harvest. 1859All Year Round No. 33. 160 The pig is an admirable gleaner, ‘a shack’ they call him in Norfolk.
▪ II. shack, n.2 dial. and U.S.
[? Short for shack-rag. Cf. shake n.2]
1. An idle disreputable fellow, a vagabond.
1682Hickeringill Black Non-Conf. Concl. 64 Such vile Shacks as will swear an hundred Oaths for Nothing, or a Whisker for Something. a1734North Exam. ii. iv. §120 (1740) 293 Great Ladies are more apt to take Sides with talking flattering Gossips than such a Shack as Fitzharris. c1800Derbysh. Rhyme in W. Andrews Bk. Oddities (1882) 84 Ripley ruffians, Butterley blacks, Swanwick bull-dogs, Alfreton shacks. 1862Borrow Wales lxxviii, A fellow..having much the appearance of a town shack. 1892Hole Mem. xvi. 192 The shack is a man [in Notts] who objects to regular employment, but can and will do anything except ordinary work.
2. ‘A worthless horse; a plug’ (Webster 1911).
▪ III. shack, n.3
[Of obscure origin.
The late J. Platt, Jun., suggested (N. & Q. Ser. x. XII. 306/2) that the source might be the Mexican jacal, Aztec xacalli, wooden hut. Cf. shackle n.3]
1. a. A roughly built cabin or shanty of logs, mud, etc. Also applied to other similar structures.
1878Rep. Indian Affairs (U.S.) 42 Too much praise cannot be given to these homesteaders for..the erection of this building, while they, themselves, were living in shacks. 1881N.Y. Times 18 Dec. in N. & Q. Ser. vi. V. 65/2 The average ‘shack’ comprises but one room, and is customarily roofed with earth, supported by poles. 1882Century Mag. Sept. 774/1 He [a stockman in the north-west] lives, as a rule, in a wretched dirt-roof ‘shack’. 1932A. Christie Peril at End House v. 70 We saw a lot of messy-looking shacks, and then by good luck we found this. 1936D. Glover Home Thoughts 18 A mountain shack Where blankets, candles, frying-pan Bespeak the only needs of man. 1939Denver Post 2 Jan. 16-b/6 Other work will include the building of a ski shack. 1950J. Baxter in Landfall (N.Z.) XIII. 10 There in a corrugated iron shack Behind a brushwood fence, he lives alone. 1960Daily Mail 11 Apr. 4/4 In Durban..Bren guns and heavy machine-guns covered the hillsides spotted with native shacks.
b. attrib. and Comb.
1885Home Missionary (N.Y.) Mar. 426 The rude shack⁓like store has changed to an imposing structure of stone. 1909N.Y. Even. Post 4 Feb. in Thornton Amer. Gloss. s.v., An Italian was murdered in his bunk by his shack-mate. 1923H. Steele Spirit-of-Iron 105 Where little shack-towns rose, it knew there should be cities. 1962G. MacEwan Blazing Old Cattle Trail i. 4 The residents of what had been an unprepossessing shack-town found their community overrun with rip-roaring cowboys, gamblers, gunmen, even women.
2. U.S. slang. A house.
1910C. E. Mulford Hopalong Cassidy xiii. 128 You stay in that shack. Don't leave it for a second, understand? 1930Living Age 1 Apr. 188 I've gotta tote this outfit of waffles and candy to grandmomma's shack.
3. U.S. slang. = radio shack s.v. radio n. 7.
1929Amer. Speech V. 49 Shack, wireless room or office. 1947Christian Science Monitor 15 Jan. 9/1 Al's [ham radio] station, like most of the other 75,000 American amateurs, is a bedroom converted into what they call a ‘shack’. 1960[see rig n.6 3 d].
▪ IV. shack, n.4 U.S.
Also (in comb.) shag-.
[Of obscure origin.
There is some affinity of meaning with shack n.1 1.]
1. Bait picked up at sea, refuse fish, flesh of porpoises or of sea-birds, etc., as distinguished from regular bait carried on the vessel. More fully shack-bait. Also attrib., shack-fisherman, shack-fishing.
1891in Century Dict.; and in later Dicts. 1897Kipling Capt. Cour. 75, ‘I mistrust shag-fishin' will pay better, ez things go.’ That meant the boys would bait with selected offal of the cod as the fish were cleaned.
2. A catch of sea-fish, made up of cheap varieties, esp. of the cod species. Also attrib. or adj.
1904Rep. Mass. Comm. Fisheries & Game 78 (Cent. Suppl.) Such fish, tumbled in together, without effort at classification, are known as shack. Ibid., At first a shack trip referred particularly to a voyage on which cheap species of fishes constituted the bulk of the catch.
▪ V. shack, n.5 U.S.|ʃæk|
[prob. f. shack n.2 or shack v.2]
A slow trot. Also attrib.
1881Harper's Mag. Feb. 375/2 [He] walked with a peculiar shack gait. 1900H. Garland Eagle's Heart 144 He continued his steady onward ‘shack’ toward the West. 1938G. Butler Running & Runners iii. 85 Probably the best exercise of the whole lot is the ‘shack’ a word derived from the ponderous movement of a cart-horse. This is a movement mid-way between running and walking.
▪ VI. shack, n.6 N. Amer. slang.|ʃæk|
Also shacks.
[Origin obscure.]
The brakeman or guard on a train.
1899‘J. Flynt’ Tramping with Tramps 397 Shack, a brakeman. 1907J. London Road 213 As the freight got out of Philadelphia she began to hit up speed. Then I understood what the shack had meant by suicide. 1926Amer. Speech I. 652/2 Shacks, brakeman on train. 1931‘D. Stiff’ Milk & Honey Route ii. 27 A great many hobo writers..are full ready to tell the novice how to outwit the brakemen, or shacks. 1947L. M. Beebe Mixed Train Daily 313 The stock was valuable and a roundup was imperative, but, as the shacks and hoggers of the S.V. were unaccustomed to the saddle, a score of professional cowpokes were engaged for the task. 1976Lieberman & Rhodes Compl. CB Handbk. vi. 136 Shack, railroad conductor.
▪ VII. † shack, a.1 Obs. rare.
[? Evolved from shack-haired a.]
Shaggy.
1577Harrison Descr. Scot. vii. 9/1 in Holinshed, White Bulles with shack [1587, p. 13/2 shackt] hears and curled manes like fierce Lions.
▪ VIII. shack, a.2 dial.
[f. shack n.1]
Used predicatively in phrase to lie shack, said of land so situated as to be liable to ‘shack’.
1787[see shack n.1 2].
▪ IX. shack, v.1 dial.|ʃæk|
[f. shack n.1]
†1. intr. ? To ‘run at shack’ (in quot. transf.).
1674N. Fairfax Bulk & Selv. 196 Those rayes of other atoms that are shacking all over the worlds wasts.
2. trans. To turn (pigs or poultry, etc.) into stubble-fields; also, of animals, to feed on (stubble). Also intr. to feed upon stubble.
[1658–cf. shaking-time s.v. shaking vbl. n. 4.] a1825Forby Voc. E. Anglia, Shack..To turn pigs or poultry into the stubble-fields, to feed on the scattered grain. 1867Jrnl. R. Agric. Soc. Ser. ii. III. ii. 533 They [turkeys] are then sold..to the larger farmers to ‘shack’ upon the barley or oat stubbles. 1887E. R. Suffling Land of Broads 253 Shack, to turn cattle out to graze after the corn has been carted. a1904in Eng. Dial. Dict. s.v. Shake 9 The pigs shack the barley.
▪ X. shack, v.2 dial.
[f. shack n.2, or of cognate formation. Cf. shackle v.2 (sense 2).]
1. a. intr. To idle away one's time; to loaf about.
1787[implied in shacking ppl. a., see below]. a1825Forby Voc. E. Anglia, Shack..To rove about; as a stroller or mendicant. 1865Good Words Feb. 125/2 What makes the work come so heavy at the end of the week, is, that the men are ‘shacking’ at the beginning. 1896E. Phillips Oppenheim False Evid. xxvi, What would you have me do? Shack about with my hands in my pocket all day?
b. To move with a slow ambling gait, to go at a slow trot. U.S.
1833in B. F. Hallett Full Rep. Trial E. K. Avery 61, I shacked down some of the hills, (partly run). 1916H. Titus I Conquered ii. 31 Yonder [was] a man shacking along on a rough little horse, head down, listless. 1947Sat. Even. Post 8 Mar. 53/1 Each winter Steve shacked in to Barry's camp a couple of times, sat in the log office a day and shacked out.
2. Western U.S. ‘To hibernate, as an animal, especially the bear: also said of men who ‘lay up’ or ‘hole up’ for the winter, or go into winter quarters’ (Cent. Dict. 1891).
Hence ˈshacking ppl. a. (in sense 1).
1787W. H. Marshall Norfolk (1795) II. 387 Shacking, a shabby rambling fellow (living at shack). 1881Dr. Gheist 227 I'm tired enough of this shacking night-work. 1891Rutland Words Add., Shacking, idle good-for-nothing. He's a shacking chap.
▪ XI. shack, v.3 U.S.
[Of obscure origin.]
trans. ‘To go after, as a ball batted to a distance’ (Cent. Dict. 1891); ‘to chase and fetch, as a batted ball’ (Funk's Stand. Dict. 1895).
▪ XII. shack, v.4 slang (orig. N. Amer.).|ʃæk|
[f. shack n.3; cf. shack v.2 2.]
1. intr. To live in a shack.
1895Dialect Notes I. 393 Shack..(v.) to live in a shack or keep a bachelor's hall in general. ‘They sent away their wives and shacked for a time.’ 1935Z. N. Hurston Mules & Men i. vi. 127 You ain't de Everglades Cypress Lumber Comp'ny sho nuff. Youse just shacking in one of their shanties. 1954C. Bruce Channel Shore 16 Men had sailed east from here to the Cape Breton coast, to shack on the beaches and fish the waters off Petit de Grat. 1975Maclean's Mag. (Toronto) May 43/3 We used to shack there, camp ourselves where the mine was.
2. a. intr. Usu. with up. To obtain temporary accommodation, to shelter for the night; to lodge with (esp. as a sexual partner), to set up house with, to cohabit (with); hence, to have sexual intercourse with.
1935Z. N. Hurston Mules & Men i. vii. 161 Ah..was doin' fine till Ah shacked up with a woman dat had a great big ole black cat. 1942Berrey & Van den Bark Amer. Thes. Slang §62/9 Shack up, to stay in a camp for the night. 1945Sun (Baltimore) 1 Mar. 6/6 More wanderlust grips the sow and she shacks up with half a dozen families before the original owner gets wind of her again. 1946Time 14 Oct. 40/3 The medicine man..had shacked up with a halfbreed cook. 1947L. Waller Show me Way iii. xxii. 191 She wanted me to shack with her tonight. 1949R. Chandler Little Sister xviii. 120 I'm not talking about her love life... She doesn't have to shack up with a red-hot. 1951J. D. Salinger Catcher in Rye ix. 73, I was going to shack up in a hotel for a couple of days and not go home till vacation started. 1959H. Hobson Mission House Murder iii. 22 Besides appearing at performances she has to shack up with Johnny. 1965S. T. Ollivier Petticoat Farm ix. 128 A man's got to have something to offer a girl before he asks her to shack up with him. 1968Listener 15 Feb. 210/1 Some [trusted prisoners] even had their own cars to go up town and shack in some motel with a woman. 1972P. Lively Driftway x. 136 We'll shack up for the night. There's a field farther on where the farmer's not one of those choosy fellows as'll turn me off after half an hour. 1976W. Greatorex Crossover 193 Galina's not my wife... We shack up, that's all. 1981A. Morice Men in her Death viii. 80 This must have been..before they become friendly enough to shack up together.
b. trans. Usu. with up. To provide with accommodation or lodging, esp. as a sexual partner. Chiefly in pass. to be shacked (up), to be staying or lodging, to be cohabiting (with).
1927Dialect Notes V. 462 Shack up, v., to put up for the night. 1946Amer. Speech XXI. 252 ‘I'm shacked up around here’ means that the speaker has found a friendly fräulein who in substance maintains a home for him. The fräulein herself is a ‘shack job’. 1953P. Frankau Winged Horse iv. 242 He's shacked up with Celia. 1957Economist 30 Nov. 787/1 Private Girard's marriage to the Japanese girl with whom he had been ‘shacked up’. 1958‘E. McBain’ Killer's Payoff (1960) ii. 19 ‘Where is this Newton?’ ‘He's shacked in a hotel..downtown.’ 1967[see girl n. 2 g]. 1973Globe & Mail (Toronto) 29 Sept. 1/2 Even the mayor was shacked up and everybody knew. 1975D. Lodge Changing Places iii. 125 Philip Swallow is shacked up with Melanie at that address.
So ˈshacking vbl. n.
1884Prince Albert (Saskatchewan) Times 13 June 3/2 Of all the enjoyments Prince Albert can number, there's none equals shacking on a pre-emption claim. 1945Yank 8 June 14 Must be. I'm sure not crackin' up from shackin' up. 1980M. Underwood Clear Case of Suicide xiii. 96 Casual shacking up was quite different from holy matrimony.
▪ XIII. shack
dial. variant of shake n. and v. |