| 释义 |
▪ I. shadowing, vbl. n.|ˈʃædəʊɪŋ|
[-ing1.]
The action of the verb shadow in various senses.
1. a. The action of affording shadow or protection from the sun; the state of being protected from the sun; protective overshadowing or sheltering.
a1340Hampole Psalter ciii. 4 Thoro shadoyng of þi grace we are taken in contemplatyf life. a1366Chaucer Rom. Rose 1503 For Narcisus,..By auenture come to that welle To resten hym in that shadowing. 1450–1530Myrr. Our Ladye 329 Whiche hathe conceyued thyne only gotten sonne by shadowyng of the holy goste. a1850Rossetti Dante & Circle i. (1874) 252 And there my lady 'mid the shadowings Of myrtle-trees..Singing I saw.
†b. concr. Something affording shade, a canopy, curtain. Obs. rare.
1598Florio, Vela,..a vaile or shadowing, a couering, a curteine. c1710C. Fiennes Diary (1888) 256 Then she [the Queen] was anoynted in this manner; there was a Cloth of silver twilight Embroyder'd, held a Little shaddowing over her head.
2. The act of casting a shadow upon something; obscuration of light; quasi-concr. shadows cast upon something. Also transf. and fig. (cf. shadow n. 4 f).
c1000Sax. Leechd. III. 258 On sumum earde hi [sc. days] beoð længran, on sumon scyrtran, for þære eorðan sceadewunge [v.r. sceadwunge]. 1382Wyclif Jas. i. 17 Anentis whom is not ouerchaunginge, nether schadewing of whileness [Vulg. obumbratio vicissitudinis]. a1619M. Fotherby Atheom. ii. i. §9 (1622) 197 Peter [healed], by his onely shadowing. 1868Lockyer Guillemin's Heavens (ed. 3) 169 It is by projecting these total and partial shadowings one on the other that they produce the phenomena of eclipses. 1878Newcomb Pop. Astron. 556 Penumbra, a partial shadowing. 1977Lancet 3 Sept. 512/1 A chest radiograph showed slight inflammatory shadowing in the right upper zone.
3. The position or distribution of shadow, in a visible object or scene; the placing of the shadows in a picture. † Also, in Drawing and Painting, = shading.
1603Dekker Wonderf. Yeare C 3, Lend me Art (without any counterfeit shadowing) to paint..the whole story. 1622Peacham Compl. Gent. xii. 115 You must obserue the shaddowing of Taffata's. 1705Addison Italy 371 An infinite Variety of Inequalities and Shadowings, that naturally arise from an agreeable Mixture of Hills, Groves and Vallies. 1732Berkeley Minute Philos. iv. §23 A little soft shadowing of evil sets off the bright and luminous parts of the creation. 1799G. Smith Laboratory II. 35 This way of drawing and shadowing is generally performed with black chalk.
4. A variation of colour, a shade, tint. rare.
1580Lyly Euphues (Arb.) 352 When Phydias first paynted, they vsed no colours, but blacke, white, redde, and yeolow: Zeuxis added greene, and euery one inuented a new shadowing. 1827J. F. Cooper Prairie I. 17 The martin's fur..was of a fineness and shadowing that a queen might covet.
5. An imperfect or obscure representation; a prefiguring or adumbration. Also with forth.
1642R. C. Union Christ & Ch. Shadowed 4 God..delighted to draw some Shadowings and Adumbrations of it here below. 1805A. Knox Rem. (1834) I. 15 If every species of the sublime be..a shadowing of Deity [etc.]. 1872A. P. Forbes Kalendars Sc. Saints p. xlvii, The first shadowings forth of the minsters and cathedrals of the best days of pointed architecture.
6. a. The action of dogging a person's steps to spy on his proceedings.
1890Guardian 9 July 1085/1 The real author of shadowing is..the National League.
attrib.1904Sweeney At Scotl. Yard iii. 35 Nominally, you are not on shadowing duty for more than a certain time.
b. Speech Therapy. Repetition of another's words with the minimum of delay, as a treatment for stuttering.
1955Nature 5 Nov. 874/2 ‘Shadowing’ means repeating concurrently. 1975in J. Eisenson Stuttering: 2nd Symposium 347 It would appear that speech behavior during shadowing shares something in common with singing.
7. Microscopy. = shadow-casting vbl. n. 1.
1945Science 8 June 596/1 Their orientation with respect to the direction of shadowing. 1973P. J. Goodhew Specimen Preparation in Materials Sci. v. 148 Much shadowing is performed with heavy elements, a wide variety of which have been used.
8. Comb.: † shadowing place, a place of shade, a shelter, an arbour. Obs.
1382Wyclif Ecclus. xxxiv. 19 The hilet, or the schadowyng place [Vulg. umbraculum], of the myd-day. 1426Lydg. De Guil. Pilgr. 16750, I se that ffolkys..ffynden a Shadwyng place and an holsomme Refuge whan they fflen to the ffor socour and helpe. 1509Fisher 7 Penit. Ps. cxxx. Wks. (1876) 231 After this Ionas..made hym a shadowynge place. 1580Hollyband Treas. Fr. Tong, Auvent, an arbour, a shadowyng place.
Sense 8 in Dict. becomes 9. Add: 8. = work shadowing s.v. *work n. 34 d. (orig. U.S.).
1976E. Andrews Exploring Arts & Humanities Careers in Community 15 ‘Shadowing’ is a term used to designate a brief out-of-school experience in which the student spends two to ten hours observing and talking with a selected practitioner. 1979D. H. Mellor Community-Based Career Guidance Practices 4 Activities include speakers, on-site interviews, and shadowing. 1983A. A. Huczynski Encycl. Managem. Devel. Methods 181 Manager Shadowing is a less formal type of development than apprenticeship. Here there is no necessry requirement that the newcomer will take over the job of the person he is shadowing. 1986Daily Tel. 29 Sept. 24/7 The value of shadowing is enormous. It breaks down the preconceptions and fear that the young have of business. 1992Times Educ. Suppl. 31 Jan. 3/2 The cornerstone of the partnership now was the activities schools and firms were able to share, such as workplace visits, job shadowing and interviewing.
▪ II. shadowing, ppl. a.|ˈʃædəʊɪŋ|
[-ing2.]
That shadows, in various senses of the verb.
1. Affording shade, shelter, or protection.
1552Huloet, Shadowynge or makynge shadowe as wood doth, umbrifer. 1562Turner Herbal ii. 81 Peplis..hath a brode shaddowyng bushe which is full of whyte iuice. 1634Sir T. Herbert Trav. 214 Shadowing trees. 1797Mrs. Radcliffe Italian i, Shadowing pines and thickets of oak. 1816Scott Old Mort. xxix, The horseman..pulled the shadowing hat still deeper on his forehead.
2. Indicating obscurely or by symbol; prefiguring, boding.
1579Fulke Heskin's Parl. 58 [The pascal lamb is] a shadowing figure, like the first draught of a painter. 1604Shakes. Oth. iv. i. 41 Nature would not inuest her selfe in such shadowing passion, without some Instruction. 1795Southey Joan of Arc iii. 350 The dark and shadowing visions of the night. 1877Tennyson Harold iii. i, The king Is holy, and hath talk'd with God, and seen A shadowing horror.
3. Spying, following for purposes of information.
1889Gunter That Frenchman v. 46 Of Hermann and his shadowing Jolly [a detective] he sees nothing.
Hence † ˈshadowingly adv. Obs.—1
1635R. Brathwait Arcad. Princ. 24 Hee shadowingly deliuers unto her, in what manner they are handled. |