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▪ I. chamfer, n.|ˈtʃæmfə(r)|
Also 7 chamfre.
[app. ad. F. chanfrein, formerly also chamfrain, chanfrain, -frin, ‘a chanfering or a channel, furrow, hollow gutter, or streake in stone-worke, etc.’ (Cotgr.), f. OF. chanfraindre to chamfer. It is possible that the Fr. chamfrain directly gave the Eng. chamfering, and that from this, taken as a vbl. n., chamfer vb. and n. were educed.
The connexion of the two senses is unexplained; sense 1 appears to be the earlier (cf. the vb. and derivatives).
(Gwilt, Archit. 928, cites sense 2 from a MS. of 1475, but apparently in error.)]
†1. A small groove, channel, gutter, furrow, such as may be cut in wood or stone. Obs.
1601Holland Pliny I. 442 The Alexandrine Figs are of the blacke kind, hauing a white rift or chamfre. 1609― Amm. Marcell. xxiii. iv. 223 An yron full of chamfers and teeth [multifido ferro]. 1664Evelyn Silva (1776) 197 Those pretty undulations and chamfers which we so frequently find in divers woods. 1708Kersey, Chamfer or Chamfret, a small Gutter, or Furrow upon a Pillar, etc.
2. The surface produced by bevelling off a square edge or corner equally on both sides; if made concave, it is called a hollow chamfer or concave chamfer.
[Not in Phillips, Blount, Kersey, Bailey, Johnson, or Todd.]1842–76Gwilt Archit. Gloss., Chamfer, the arris of anything originally right-angled cut aslope or bevel. 1851Ruskin Stones Ven. I. xxii. §8 You may see the straight chamfer on most lamp-posts, and pillars at railway stations, it being the easiest to cut: the concave chamfer requires more care, and occurs generally in well finished but simple architecture. 1851Turner Dom. Archit. II. ii 30 It has a round moulding instead of the hollow chamfer. 1870F. Wilson Ch. Lindisf. 82 The jambs are square, with a slight chamfer. 1881Mechanic §346.
3. (See quot.)
1884F. J. Britten Watch & Clockm. 50 The chamfering tool with which the aris is removed is often spoken of as a ‘chamfer’.
▪ II. chamfer, v.|ˈtʃæmfə(r)|
Also 6 chamfure, chaunfer, 7 champher, chanfer.
[see prec. n. OF. had chanfraindre, pa. pple. chanfraint; mod.F. has chanfreiner, to chamfer. The latter element of OF. chanfraindre appears to be fraindre:—L. frangĕre to break; and the whole may be cantum frangere, chant fraindre, to break the edge or side (less likely champ fraindre to break the field).]
1. trans. To channel, flute, furrow.
1565–73[see chamfered]. 1598Florio, Incanellare..to chamfure or make hollow. 1601Holland Pliny I. 385 The said stone or kernell of the Date..along the back hath a cut or deep slit chamfered in (as it were) between two pillowes. 1620Davies Past. to W. Browne, Looke how breme Winter chamfers Earths bleeke face. 1708Kersey s.v., The Stalks of certain Plants are..said To be Chamfer'd, when they have Marks upon them like such Furrows. 1820Mair Tyro's Dict. (ed. 10) 374 Strio..to chamfer timber or stone.
2. To cut away or reduce (a square edge or arris) so as to replace it by a plane surface with two oblique angles; to bevel away, off.
1688R. Holme Armoury iii. 111/1 Champher is to take the square edge of a stone off Bevile ways. 1800Herschel in Phil. Trans. XC. 498 The holes..are chamferred away on the under side. 1849Freeman Archit. 44 Beauty and convenience alike would suggest chamfering or rounding off the angles. 1851Ruskin Stones Ven. I. xxii. §8 An amputated corner is said to be chamfered. |