| 释义 |
▪ I. chaplet|ˈtʃæplɛt|
Forms 4–8 chapelet, 5 chapelytte, capelet, 5–7 chappelet, 6 chapellette, chapplett, 4– chaplet.
[ME. chapelet a. OF. chapelet (in ONF. capelet), dim. of chape, chapeau head-dress, hood, hat: see -et1.]
1. A wreath for the head, usually a garland of flowers or leaves, also of gold, precious stones, etc.; a circlet, coronal.
1375Barbour Bruce xi. 546 Ane rose of his chaplet Wes faldyn. c1450Merlin 227 The mayden..hadde on hir heede a riche chapelet of preciouse stones. 1460J. Capgrave Chron. 149 Thei sette on his hed but a chapelet, that they schulde do no prejudise to the Cherch of Cantirbyry, to whom longith to crowne the Kyng. 1480Caxton Chron. Eng. ccix. 192 Men set vpon hir hedes chappeletz of sharpe netteles. 1590Greene Neuer too late (1600) 89 This Damosell..in a scarlet peticoate, with a chaplet of flowers on her head. 1691Swift Athen. Soc. Wks. 1755 IV. i. 230 Pluck'd a laurel branch..And made an humble chaplet for the king. 1711Steele Spect. No. 100 ⁋3 Crowned with Chaplets of Roses. 1794Coleridge Death Chatterton, Poor Chatterton! farewell!.. This chaplet cast I on thy unshaped tomb. 1839Thirlwall Greece II. 318 The Spartans gave him a chaplet of olive leaves. 1868Marriott Vest. Chr. Introd. 42 St. Peter holds in his hands the chaplet which designates his martyrdom.
fig.1827Hare Guesses Ser. i. (1873) 175 [His] laurelled head was girt with a chaplet of all the domestic affections. 1871Morley Voltaire (1886) 147 [It] fastens this gross chaplet round the memory of a great deliverer of the poet's own country.
b. Her. A bearing representing a garland of leaves with four flowers at equal distances.
1688R. Holme Armoury ii. 63/2 A Chaplet..is..4 Roses set upon a Chaplet, or Circle for the head. 1864Boutell Heraldry, Hist. & Pop. xiv. §1 (ed. 3) 168 A chaplet of rue in bend vert.
2. A string of beads.
a. esp. One used for counting prayers, one third of the length of a rosary. Also, the prayers recited over this.
A rosary has 15 decades of aves, a chaplet 5. Littré.
1653H. Cogan tr. Pinto's Trav. xxvi. (1663) 102 An old woman..with a Chaplet hanging down on her neck. 1751Chambers Cycl. s.v., The orientals have a kind of chaplets..which they use in their prayers. 1851Mrs Browning Casa Guidi Wind. 14 The chaplet's last beads fall In naming the last saintship. 1876Bancroft Hist. U.S. II. xxxiv. 362 Parties would meet in the cabins to recite the chaplet in alternate choirs.
b. gen. A string of beads; a necklace.
c1850Arab. Nts. (Rtldg.) 591 Hanging a large necklace, or chaplet round his neck.
3. Anything resembling a string of beads; e.g. the string of eggs of the toad.
1774Goldsm. Nat. Hist. (1776) VIII. 40 The eggs of female butterflies are disposed in the body like a bed of chaplets. 1835–6Todd Cycl. Anat. I. 105/2 The eggs..are gradually ejected in double chaplets as in the toad. 1871Darwin Desc. Man I. vi. 210 Certain male toads take the chaplets of eggs from the females and wind them round their own thighs.
4. Arch. A moulding of the astragal species.
1623Lisle ælfric on O. & N.T. Pref. 4 Artificiall marble..whereof so many goodly chaplets and pillars were made in our Churches. 1751Chambers Cycl., Chaplet, or chapelet, in architecture, a little moulding cut, or carved into round beads, pearls, olives, or the like. A chaplet..is little else but a baguette enriched with sculpture. 1876Gwilt Archit. Gloss. s.v. Baguette, The baguette is called a chaplet when ornaments are cut on it.
†5. A kind of circular gridiron. Obs.
1664Evelyn Sylva 25 The best Tables in France and Italy make them a service, eating them with Salt, in Wine, being first rosted on the Chapplet [ed. 1776 Chaplet].
6. Founding. One of the metal supports of the core of a hollow moulding. e.g. of a cylindrical pipe. Hence chaplet-block.
1885Pattern Making (Crosby Lockwood) 192 In nearly all large hollow machine castings chaplets furnish the chief support to the cores. In their rudest form they are simply thin plates of hoop iron, into which a bit of wrought bar of the necessary length is riveted, the opposite end of the bar being steadied against a bar of the box, or a cubical wooden chaplet block embedded in the sand. These chaplets..prevent the liquid pressure of the metal from thrusting the core against the side of the mould.
7. See chapelet2.
8. Comb., as chaplet-cap, chaplet-maker.
1601Holland Pliny II. 113 The Chaplet-makers in Egypt..sow and plant [Persoluta] in their gardens onely for to make Coronets and Guirlands. 1661Morgan Sph. Gentry iv. v. 65 The imposition of a Chaplet cap with a circulet of gold.
▪ II. chaplet
var. of chapelet1, Obs. |