| 释义 |
Chasid, Chassid|ˈhæsɪd|
Also Has(s)id. Pl. -idim.
[Heb. ḥāsîḏ, lit. ‘pious; pietist’.]
A name applied to a member of any of several mystical Jewish sects of various periods; an Assidæan. Hence Chaˈs(s)idic, Haˈs(s)idic a., of or belonging to the Chasidim; ˈChas(s)idism, the tenets of the Chasidim.
1812H. Adams Hist. Jews II. xxxviii. 281 A rabbin, named Israel, rendered himself very famous..in the Ukraine, between the years 1760 and 1765... The propensity of..credulous men toward the occult sciences procured him, in less than ten years, more than ten thousand followers, whom he called Chasidim. This name designated those men, who, not content to follow the ritual laws of Moses, laboured to unite themselves more intimately to the Deity by their sanctity. 1834Penny Cycl. II. 502 The Assidians, or Chasidim, of those days, found a leader in Mattathias. 1834[see Assidæan]. 1893I. Zangwill Children of Ghetto (ed. 3) i. xvi. 148 Meckish was a Chassid, which in the vernacular is a saint, but in the actual a member of the sect of the Chassidim, whose centre is Galicia. Ibid. 149 Chassidism is the extreme expression of Jewish optimism. 1918― Chosen Peoples iv. 39 The comparatively modern Chassidism. Ibid. 42 A Chassidic Rabbi. 1927Daily Tel. 5 Apr. 12/6 The devotees of that particular cult which was known as Hassidism. 1927Sunday Express 10 Apr. 5/7 ‘The Dybbuk’ is all about the Hassidic cult. 1936Times Lit. Suppl. 10 Oct. 811/4 The extreme pietist atmosphere of the Chassidic sect of Jews. 1941G. G. Scholem Major Trends Jewish Myst. iii. 91 To be a Hasid is to conform to purely religious standards entirely independent of intellectualism and learning. 1948Theology LI. 302 His collection of Hasidic tales. 1960S. Becker tr. A. Schwarz-Bart's Last of Just (1961) vii. 351 Do you know who the Christ was? A simple Jew like your father. A kind of Hasid. 1961G. Abrahams Jewish Mind ii. 48 The Rabbis treated the Bible with something of the respectful familiarity with which Chassidim, then and now, have treated God. 1965Jrnl. Jewish Studies XVI. 33 From the end of the period of the Tanna'im onwards, the term ‘Hasid’ became blurred and was used simply as a soubriquet for scholars of an austere attitude towards halakhah. |