| 释义 |
‖ shastra|ˈʃɑːstrə|
Forms: 7 shastram, -um, 7–9 shaster, 8 shahstah, 8–9 shastah, 9 shastra, shastru; 9– sastra Also with capital initial.
[a. Hindī çāstr, Skr. çāstra (nom. sing. çāstram). The scholarly transliteration śāstra is now freq. used.]
Any one of the sacred writings of the Hindus. Also, a body of teaching, a science; a treatise. Hence Shaˈstraic, Saˈstraic a.
1630Lord Banians 40 This Booke by them called the Shaster. 1698Phil. Trans. XX. 275 The Shastram being to them what the Bible is to Christians. 1763Scrafton Indostan (1770) 4 A comment thereon [i.e. on the Vedas], called the Shahstah. 1838[Miss Maitland] Lett. fr. Madras (1843) 198 They know that the Bible is our Shaster, and suppose it to be as good for us, as their own Shasters are for them. 1845Encycl. Metrop. XXI. 673/1 Those who study the Védas..are styled Waïdik,..when learned in the six Sástras they are called Sástrí. 1872Sherring Hindu Tribes I. 3 The Brahman..possesses..the holy canon—Vedas, Shástras, and Puránas. 1887W. J. Wilkins Mod. Hinduism 127 The position of the Brāhman as taught by the Sāstras. 1932S. Dasgupta Hist. Indian Philos. II. xiv. 445 At the first stage a man performs his duties in accordance with the injunctions of the śāstras. 1956V. Raghavan Indian Heritage p. lvii, These systems later came to be called Sastras, meaning thereby merely that they are authoritative and systematic schools of thought. 1960Koestler Lotus & Robot i. 59 It is significant that every science in India is called a Sastra—a system of thought with a spiritual purpose. 1961Webster, Shastraic. 1967Singha & Massey Indian Dances i. 33 The shastraic literature which kept it alive. 1968Indian Mus. Jrnl. V. 46 Its gigantic volume, comprehensive subject-matter, śāstraic treatment of the subject-matter. 1974Encycl. Brit. Macropædia III. 433/1 From the 2nd century ad onward, Mahāyāna authors wrote ‘treatises’ (śāstras) in their own names. |