| 释义 |
▪ I. chinch, n.1|tʃɪntʃ|
Forms: 7 chince, 7–8 chink, 8 chintse, 9 chintz, 7– chinch. See also cimex.
[a. Sp. chinche, It. cimice:—L. cimic-em bug.]
1. The bed- or house-bug. (A name now confined to U.S.)
a1625Fletcher Loues Pilgr. i. i. (in Spain) Theod. Will you shew me in? Hostess. Yes marry will I, sir: and pray that not a flea or a chink vex you. 1645Evelyn Diary 29 Sept. 1665G. Havers P. della Valle's Trav. E. India 372 We were very much troubled with Chinches. 1673Ray Trav. (1738) I. 352 Chinces, or wall-lice, which are very noisome..by their bitings in the night-time. 1682Wheler Journ. Greece i. 16 The Floor so furnished with Chinches. 1710Ray Hist. Insect. 7 Cimex, the Chinche, or Wall-louse..in Angliâ paucis noti. 1730Southall Bugs 7 He..asked if Chintses (so Buggs are by Negroes and some others there called), had bit me? 1756P. Browne Jamaica 434 The Chink or Bug..very common in Jamaica. 1844G. W. Kendall Texan Santa Fé Exped. II. xi. 229 Scarcely had we touched the mattresses before we were visited by myriads of chinches! 1851R. Burton Goa 4 The impolite animal which the transatlantics delicately designate a ‘chintz’.
2. chinch-, chink-bug (U.S.): ‘an insect or bug, resembling the bed-bug in its disgusting odour, which is very destructive to wheat and other grasses’ (Webster); also chinch-bug fly.
1750G. Hughes Barbados 84 The Buonavista Chink. This is a small green flattish fly..and smells, when killed, like a bug. 1785in Southern Lit. Messenger XXVIII. 38/1 The devastation of the Chintz bug, which since harvest have infested the Indian corn. 1786Washington Diaries (1925) III. 97 Examined the..corn in several parts of this field and discovered more or less of the Chinch bug on every stalk. 1816Kirby & Sp. Entomol. (1843) I. 137 America suffers..in its wheat and maize from the attack of..the chintz bug-fly. 1873J. H. Beadle Undevel. West xiii. 225 Its [sc. wheat's] principal enemy is the chintz bug, so called here. 1886Edin. Rev. Oct. 356 Corn destroyed by the chinch-bug. 1887Standard 19 Sept. 2/2 (Iowa) The damage done by chinch bugs. 1959Southwood & Leston Land & Water Bugs v. 82 The chinchbug, Blissus leucopterus, is an important cereal pest in North America which has spread rapidly over vast areas—this spread is paralleled in western Europe by the recent spread of our single British species. Ibid., Ischnodemus sabuleti (Fallén), European chinchbug.
▪ II. † chinch, a. and n.2 Obs.
Forms: 3–5 chinche, 4–5 chynche, 5 chynshe, 6 chynch, chince, 4 chyche, 4–5 chiche.
[ME. chiche, a. OF. (and mod.) chiche parsimonious, = Cat. xic, chic little, of little worth, Sp. chico little; cf. It. cica small thing. In later F. it became chinche, by nasalization of i (as in various other words). In Eng. also chinche in later use; often written by copyists, where the rime shows that the original had chiche.]
A. adj. Niggardly, sparing, penurious, parsimonious, miserly.
a1300Havelok 1763 He..dide greyþe a super riche, Also he was no [whit] chinche [so l. 2941]. c1320Seuyn Sag. (W.) 1244 And that other lef to pinche, Bothe he was scars and chinche. c1400Rom. Rose 5591 He..Lyveth more at ese, & more is riche, Than doth he that is chiche. Ibid. 6001 For chynche & feloun is Richesse, That so can chase hem.
B. n. A niggard, miser; a wretch.
a1300Cursor M. 12972 (Cott.) Yeitt can þat chinche wit godd to chide. c1325E.E. Allit. P. A. 604 Þe gentyl cheuentayn is no chyche. c1386Chaucer Melib. ⁋653 An auaricious man or chynche. a1450Knt. de la Tour ciii. 136 A woman shulde not be a chiche of that she hathe in gret plente. 1570Levins Manip. 134 A chince, parcus.
▪ III. † chinch, v. Obs. rare.
[f. prec. adj.]
To be niggardly; to stint.
c1440Promp. Parv. 75 Chynchyn, or sparyn mekylle [H. chinkinge or to mekel sparyn], perparco. a1450Langl. P. Pl. C xiii. 227 (MS. Dk. Westm.) That chafferen as chapmen and chynchen [other MSS. chiden] but þei geten.
▪ IV. chinch v.
dial. form of chink v.2: see chinse. |